Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
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TTSS-2 virulence drives inflammatory destruction of the gut epithelial barrier and modulates inflammatory response profiles in the Salmonella-infected mouse gut
No full textSalmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Tm) employs type III secretion system 1 and 2 (TTSS-1 and TTSS-2) to infect host tissues. In orogastric infections, both TTSSs manipulate host responses, increasing mucosal pathogen loads and eliciting inflammation. However, we still do not fully understand how virulence and inflammatory enteropathy are interconnected. Here, we investigate whether TTSS-2-dependent virulence contributes to epithelial barrier disruption and delineate its role in shaping inflammatory response profiles in the mouse gut. Using wild-type and TTSS-2 mutant S. Tm strains in antibiotic-pretreated mouse models, we demonstrate that intestinal epithelial destruction is promoted by TTSS-2 virulence. This effect is observed in both wild-type and immune-deficient C57BL/6J mice. Transcriptomic profiling together with immunofluorescence microscopy analysis reveals that wild-type S. Tm triggers a distinct, yet amplified immune response compared to a TTSS-2 mutant which is characterized by enhanced phagocyte recruitment and a unique transcriptional signature. These findings underscore the role of TTSS-2-mediated virulence in S. Tm gut infection, shaping distinct inflammatory microenvironments with potential implications for host-pathogen interaction studies
High-angular-resolution ALMA imaging of the inhomogeneous dynamical atmosphere of the asymptotic giant branch star W Hya SiO, H2O, SO2, SO, HCN, AlO, AlOH, TiO, TiO2, and OH lines
No full textAims. We present high-angular-resolution imaging of the asymptotic giant branch star W Hya with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) to probe the dynamics and chemistry in the atmosphere and inner wind. Methods. W Hya was observed with the longest baselines of ALMA at 250-268 GHz with an angular resolution of similar to 17x20 mas. Results. ALMA's high angular resolution allowed us to resolve the stellar disk of W Hya along with clumpy, irregularly shaped emission extending to similar to 100 mas. This emission includes a plume in the north-northwest, a tail in the south-southwest, and the extended atmosphere elongated in the east-northeast-west-southwest direction, with semimajor and semiminor axes of similar to 70 and 40 mas (similar to 3.4 and 1.9 R-star), respectively. We identified 57 lines, which include SiO, H2O, SO2, SO, HCN, AlO, AlOH, TiO, TiO2, OH, and some of their isotopologues, with about half of them being in vibrationally excited states. The molecular line images show spatially inhomogeneous molecular formation. Our ALMA data taken at phase 0.53 (minimum light) indicate global, accelerating infall within similar to 75 mas (3.6 R-star) but also outflow at up to similar to 10 km s(-1) in deeper layers. While 38 of the detected lines appear in absorption against the continuum stellar disk as expected, we detect nonthermal emission on top of the continuum over the stellar disk in 19 lines, including SiO, H2O, SO2, and AlO. The emission of the SiO, AlO, TiO, TiO2, SO, and SO2 lines coincides well with the clumpy dust cloud distribution obtained from contemporaneous visible polarimetric imaging in addition to H2O reported in our previous work. This lends support to the idea that SiO, H2O, and AlO are directly involved in grain nucleation. The overlap of SO/SO2 (possibly also TiO/TiO2) with the dust clouds suggests the formation of these molecules and dust behind shocks induced by pulsation and/or convection. We detect HCN emission close to the star, down to similar to 30 mas (similar to 1.4 R-star), which is consistent with shock-induced chemistry
Disorder on the side: influences on affinity of the p53TAD/MDM2 interaction beyond the binding motif
No full textWearable Sensor Nodes for Intra-Body Communication Through FAT Tissue
No full textThis thesis investigates fat-tissue based intra-body communication (Fat‑IBC) using low‑cost Wi‑Fi hardware (ESP32). We evaluate data throughput, received signal strength (RSSI), and round‑trip time (RTT) over ranges (10–25 cm) in tissue‑mimicking phantoms that approximate skin–fat–muscle layering. We compare signal bandwidths (20/40 MHz), transmit power levels (+10/–10/–30 dBm), and propagation media (air vs phantom). Results show stable 51–55 Mb/s at +10 dBm, 40 MHz up to 20–25 cm, while 20 MHz yields lower peaks but greater robustness with distance. Phantom links exhibit predictable attenuation (~1–2 dB/cm) and reduced interference compared to air, supporting short‑range, interference‑resistant communication. Throughput is quantified with iPerf (UDP) across multiple transmit levels, with the peak sustainable rate reported and interpreted alongside RSSI and FTM-RTT; RTT is treated cautiously because radio/firmware processing delay dominates absolute values, making it most reliable as a distance/medium trend indicator. Findings indicate Fat‑IBC is feasible and a complete implementable wearable, compact on-skin node with a casing was designed with the selected hardwares. We outline limitations with longer distances and propose future work on adaptive PHY/MAC, extended in‑vivo validation, and sensor integration toward practical biomedical telemetry
Designing a Prototype for a Solar-Powered News Website
No full textThe “Solar-Powered News Website” project aims to design a prototype for a sustainable website for delivering news content under the constraints of a solar-powered server. It addresses the challenges of high data consumption and energy-intensive digital practices by exploring lightweight interaction techniques, prioritizing minimal content and media usage, and delivering static content in times when battery levels are low. Key research question is: How will the constraints-based approach used in the designing of a news website prototype affect user experience? Using research through design approach, a prototype has been designed and tested with a small user group to evaluate user experience. The findings have shown that while some characteristics were appreciated by most of the users, some other characteristics such as using lower quality (compressed) images and excluding video clips were identified as a negative experience by a smaller number of users. Moreover, it has also been found that serving static pages for a news website was not feasible
Unprecedented B solubility in cubic (Hf,Ta,Ti,V,Zr)B-C-N coatings
No full textThe impact of compositional complexity in Ti-B-C-N based coatings was investigated by depositing Ti-rich (Hf,Ta,Ti,V,Zr)B-C-N with varying B/C ratios (from 0/21 to 32/0 at%). Despite a high B content of up to 32 at%, all coatings exhibit a fine-grained columnar single-phase face-centered-cubic (fcc) solid solution without any boride phase. All coatings show similar hardness values of 37−38GPa, but increasing the B content reduces the indentation modulus. Ab initio calculations support this trend in elasticity and confirm the stability of these solid solutions. Despite increasing the compositional complexity, the addition of B and C has little influence on the lattice distortion. Among the coatings, offers the best combination of high hardness (37.7±1.0GPa) and fracture toughness (KIC=4.0±0.5 MPa*m(1/2)). This compositionally complex, single-phase fcc-structured coating retains its hardness – even slightly increasing to 38.3±1.3GPa – upon vacuum annealing to 1200 °C. X-ray diffraction and atom probe tomography confirm its high-temperature phase stability, with phase transformation occurring only above 1200 °C. These results demonstrate the advantages of compositionally complex coatings, which outperform simpler Ti-B-N or Ti-C-N coatings with similar structure, and that the solubility limits can be extended beyond known boundaries by advanced materials science
In defense of value incomparability : A reply to Dorr, Nebel, and Zuehl
No full textCian Dorr, Jacob Nebel, and Jake Zuehl have argued that no objects are incomparable in value. One set of arguments they offer depart from a principle they call ‘Strong Monotonicity’, which states that if x is good and y is not good, then x is better than y. In this article, we respond to those arguments, thereby defending the possibility of value incomparability
Minimal metal-binding peptides towards integrated bioinspired electrocatalysis : From sequence to surface
No full textIn light of current societal and technological challenges, Nature’s optimized enzyme machineries provide continuous inspiration. Enzymes perform an impressive range of catalytic functions, finely tuned down to the essential details, including reactions of industrial relevance. In this context, metal-binding peptides can serve as bioinspired mimics of natural metalloenzymes, enabling the investigation of fundamental sequence-structure-function relationships and guiding future applications. The first part of this thesis focuses on the design of short peptides to serve as metal-binding scaffolds. Firstly, evolutionary insights are integrated into the peptide sequence through the development of a novel bioinformatic tool, yielding self-assembly of structurally defined metallopeptide complexes. Building on this, a more structurally rigid and preorganized peptide scaffold is designed to explore the formation of multinuclear metallopeptide complexes with potential for more complex catalytic functions. In the second part of the thesis, the focus broadens to include strategies for integrating metallopeptide complexes onto electrode surfaces for potential electrocatalytic applications. To this end, a new type of inexpensive and robust graphite electrode is developed, exhibiting electrochemical properties comparable to commercial carbon-based electrodes. Then, these electrodes are employed as supports to grow peptide sequences directly on their surface, leveraging solid-phase peptide synthesis techniques while bypassing conventional cleavage and purification steps. This heterogenization strategy enables the self-assembly of metallopeptide complexes directly on the electrode surface, yielding integrated metallopeptide-electrode systems ready for practical use. Overall, this work spans from the design and characterization of minimal metallopeptide complexes with relevance in electrocatalysis to the development of electrode supports and strategies for constructing functional integrated peptide-electrode interfaces. Taken together, this thesis highlights the potential of minimal metal-binding peptides as versatile components for developing bioinspired electrocatalytic systems
Bättre måluppfyllelse och färre extrabesök i barnhälsovården –Effekter av SEEK i en klusterrandomiserad, kontrollerad studie
No full textNecessary or Excessive? : Analysis of Recent Crime Prevention Laws in the Light of the Swedish Instrument of Government and the European Convention on Human Rights
No full textTill följd av brottsutvecklingen i samhället och i synnerhet det ökade grova våldet har flera lagändringar som syftar till att förebygga och förhindra brottslighet genomförts de senaste åren. Uppsatsen syftar till att analysera och problematisera införandet av säkerhetszoner, nya preventiva hemliga tvångsmedel, anonyma vittnen i brottmål och självständigt förverkande ur ett fri- och rättighetsperspektiv. Analysen har ett tydligt fokus på lagstiftningsprocessen och de grundläggande fri-och rättigheterna. Det visas i uppsatsen att lagändringarna är förenliga med fri- och rättighetsskyddet i såväl RF som EKMR. Trots förenligheten med RF och EKMR argumenteras det i uppsatsen för att det finns skäl att problematisera lagstiftningsprocessen och lagändringarnas potentiella konsekvenser för upprätthållandet av de grundlagsstadgade fri- och rättigheterna