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Catalytic co‑pyrolysis of tetra‑pax and low‑density polyethylene (LDPE) waste mixtures using calcium oxide catalyst via artificial neural network approach: synergistic interactions, kinetic and thermodynamic analyses
Get PDFIn this study, mixture of tetra-pak carton and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was investigated by using thermogravimetric analysis under various heating rates, 10–100 °C min−1 from temperature 50 °C to 900 °C with the presence of calcium oxide (CaO) catalyst. The synergistic interaction between tetra-pak carton and LDPE was also observed. Aside from that, artificial
neural network (ANN) was employed to predict the experimental data. It is found that ANN is able to predict the experimental data with high accuracy. Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS), Friedman (FR) and Starink models were used to determine the kinetic parameters (activation energy, Ea and pre-exponential factor, A). With the presence of catalyst, the Ea of the mixture successfully decreased from 212.15–220.40 kJ mol−1 to 190.71–202.35 kJ mol−1, resulting in an approximate reduction of 3.9–6.1%. Furthermore, positive enthalpy (ΔH) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG) indicate the reaction in this study is endothermic
and non-spontaneous behaviour. Meanwhile, the change of entropy (ΔS) value obtained in this study is <0.5 kJ mol−1 K−1, implying that solid substances have undergone physical and chemical reactions that brought it nearer to its thermodynamic equilibrium state. The generated results in this study would greatly aid in scaling up the design of a pyrolysis reactor by
using these feedstocks in the future
From the Tsar-Bomba to START-I. The Evolution of the Soviet Strategic Nuclear Deterrent, 1945 - 1991
No full textThis handbook brings together historical and contemporary essays about Soviet and Russian military studies, to offer a comprehensive volume on the topic
Can ChatGPT outperform humans in faking a personality assessment while avoiding detection?
No full textLarge language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have reshaped opportunities and challenges across various fields, including human resources (HR). Concerns have arisen about the potential for personality assessment manipulation using LLMs, posing a risk to the validity of these tools. This threat is a reality: recent research suggests that many candidates are using AI to complete pre-hire assessments. This study addresses this problem by examining whether ChatGPT can outperform humans in faking personality assessments while avoiding detection. To explore this, two experiments were conducted focusing on assessing job-relevant traits, with and without coaching, and with two methods of identifying faking, specifically using an impression management (IM) measure and an overclaiming questionnaire (OCQ). For each study, we used responses from 100 working adults recruited via the Prolific platform, which were compared to 100 replications from ChatGPT. The results revealed that while ChatGPT showed some ability to manipulate assessments, without coaching it did not consistently outperform humans. Coaching had a minimal impact on reducing IM scores for either humans or ChatGPT, but reduced OCQ bias scores for ChatGPT. These findings highlight the limitations of current faking detection measures and emphasize the need for further research to refine methods for ensuring the integrity of personality assessments in HR, particularly as artificial intelligence becomes more available to candidates
Faking on personality assessments in high-stakes settings: A critical review
No full textFaking—deliberately self-presenting in an overly favorable light—is a persistent challenge for personality assessments in high-stakes contexts such as personnel selection. This review examines recent research on the impact of faking, strategies for its prevention and detection, and future directions. Meta-analytic evidence supports the theory of validity declines from faking, but meaningful predictive utility remains. Research on prevention has grown, covering approaches such as forced-choice formats, neutralized items, warnings, gamified, and implicit measures. However, many methods involve practical or psychometric trade-offs. Although the literature is substantial, we encourage research involving larger samples, real applicants, and within-subjects designs. Finally, novel assessment methods, including those using generative artificial intelligence, warrant further investigation both as potential solutions and as tools for faking
Team Motivation and Interaction: A Multilevel, Self-Determination Theory Approach
No full textThis dissertation empirically evaluated self-determination theory as a framework for understanding the process-based nature of motivation and effectiveness in work teams. Specifically, psychological need support/thwarting was used to operationalise team interactions; motivation was defined multidimensionally, and within-team differences were investigated as substantively significant; and contributions of these variables on team effectiveness were examined. Evidence across the included manuscripts supports the research model and the integration of SDT with research on teams to catalyse future investigation
An Euroheart-Based Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Registry in Vietnam: Design, Rationale, and Preliminary Results.
No full textBACKGROUND: As a cardiac interventional procedure, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is increasingly becoming the most widely adopted across the globe. With increasing implementation in practice, the use of PCI registries to evaluate safety and effectiveness has grown internationally. Standardization across registries in relation to common data elements will allow comparison between outcomes in different populations.
AIMS: This study is to enhance the understanding of PCI practices and outcomes in a developing country context. This registry is among the first of its kind in Vietnam, providing an unprecedented level of detail on procedural characteristics, patient outcomes, and quality metrics in a population that has been underrepresented in global cardiovascular research.
METHODS: This protocol reports a prospective, single-center, PCI registry based on the EuroHeart data set standards for acute coronary syndrome/PCI, conducted at University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. It describes the data collection and analysis process and presents baseline characteristics of the first enrollees. RESULTS: From December 2023 to October 2024, we enrolled 1168 PCI patients, with a mean age of 64.1% ± 11.7% and 68.8% being male. Hypertension emerged as the most prominent risk factor. In addition, 27.8% of the population received a final diagnosis of ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The mean baseline Seattle Angina Questionnaire-7 summary score was 60.8 ± 16.4.
CONCLUSION: Establishing a registry is an important step in assuring quality and safety in the provision of PCI. A PCI registry based on EuroHeart data set standards will align with international efforts. In-hospital results also demonstrate early success in implementing the PCI registry management
Self-Governance as Agency in Post-Disaster Recovery
No full textThe adverse impacts of natural and human-made disasters are reducible and avoidable, and communities can more readily recover from the impacts of both. While there are diverse strategies and mechanisms for recovery and rebuilding after disaster, the emphasis has been on national and local governments, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to act as agencies and instigators of recovery. As a result, there has been a limited focus on internal human agency and resources available for disaster recovery such as embodied in the concept of self-governance (Kooiman and Van Vliet, 2000). The capacity for actor-oriented self-governance is one major difference between people who successfully recover from disasters, and those who do not (Kooiman and Van Vliet, 2000). Self-governance is the ability of a person or group to function and lead themselves with little external influence (Kooiman and Van Vliet, 2000). At a collective level, how individuals and communities self-reorient, self-reorganize and use their resources and abilities to rebuild their lives and communities after a disaster is a critical factor in recovery. Research shows that individuals possess certain strengths and resources which they may not be aware of that can enhance their resilience and functioning (Kooiman and Van Vliet, 2000). This chapter discusses the concept of self-governance and positive psychology in the disaster recovery process and the relationship between positive psychology and self-governance approaches to recovery. The chapter first discusses the concept of self-governance and positive psychology. Second, it explores facilitators of self-governance in post-disaster recovery. Third, it discusses how self-awareness, psychological resilience and self-governance contribute to recovery after a disaster; and fourth, provides evidence-based approaches to utilizing these resources for post-disaster recovery
Singing Fishes: The Acoustic Ecology of Australian Fish Choruses
No full textPassive acoustic monitoring of fish choruses can provide information on the distribution, habitat use, spawning dynamics, behaviour, local abundance, and ecological interactions of fish populations. The primary focus of this thesis was to map the contribution of fish choruses to Australian underwater soundscapes and investigate the ecology of these phenomena. This thesis has significantly advanced understanding of fish choruses in Australian waters, highlighting their ecological importance and providing a foundation for future research and management efforts
Three Essays on Insider Trading Profitability, Uncertainty Disclosure Tone, Carbon Performance and Customer Concentration
No full textThe thesis comprises three essays on insider trading profitability in US listed firms. The essays examine the relationship between insider trading profit, uncertainty disclosure tone, carbon emission performances and customer concentration level of the firm. How insider trading profit is affected by non-financial elements is discussed. Insider trading profit as a representative of a firm’s internal management level has discussed whether it has relationship to the carbon emission performances