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    Utility and identity: an analysis of two rhetorical strategies in TV

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    Our starting point is the observation that television advertising sometimes attempts to persuade the viewer of the value of a product by showing how useful it will be to him in resolving a problem while, on other occasions, it does this by illustrating how it will help him to construct an identity which will be appreciated by himself and others (in this article, the convention of assuming that the communicator is female and the audience, male, will be followed). In accordance with the reason/tickle theory, the more the advertiser bases her strategy on the utility of the product, the closer her message will be to a prototypical reason ad. In contrast, the more she bases it on the capacity of the product to help the consumer to acquire a glamorous identity, the closer it will be to a prototypical tickle ad. In the first case, the advertisement is intended to address the viewer’s uncertainties directly, informing him efficiently about what is being sold to him and what use or savings it offers him. In the second case, meanwhile, the aim of the advertisement is to transmit the communicative intention of the advertiser and thus capture his attention. It will not, however, resolve the viewer’s uncertainties directly, but will rather base its relevance on its capacity to make him infer an array of weak implicatures which associate the product with a glamorous identity. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of nine advertisements, allowing us to describe in detail some specific cases which respond both to these two prototypes and to various points along the scale between them. The objectives are twofold: First, to offer the researcher a theory which allows him to make a thorough and rigorous analysis of the discursive nature of the television advertisement; and secondly, to use this theory to offer an explanation which responds to these characteristics of the above-mentioned strategies

    La heterogeneidad estructural de las pseudopartitivas en español

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    The classic difference between partitive and pseudo-partitive constructions (Selkirk 1977) is fully stablished in today’s linguistics. In the literature, however, they do not notice that the group of pseudo-partitives ―as it has been described in grammatical studies of Spanish― is heterogeneous from a structural point of view. The aim of this paper is to show that two radically different syntactic schemes underlie the label of pseudo-partitives. This systematic lack of differentiation is because of the fact that both structures have the same distribution of semantic-pragmatic components: a quantifier and a quantified (in that order) plus the preposition de in between (‘quantifier + de + quantified’).En la lingüística actual está totalmente asentada la ya clásica diferencia establecida por Selkirk (1977) al segregar la construcción pseudopartitiva de la construcción partitiva propiamente dicha. Sin embargo, en la bibliografía no se advierte lo estructuralmente heterogéneo del grupo de las pseudopartitivas, al menos tal y como se viene presentando en los estudios gramaticales del español. El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar que bajo el marbete de construcción pseudopartitiva (y otros alternativos) cohabitan secuencias que responden a dos esquemas sintácticos radicalmente distintos. La sistemática indiferenciación se debe a que una y otra estructura obedecen a la misma distribución de componentes semántico-pragmáticos: un cuantificador y un cuantificado (en este orden) entre los que media la preposición de (‘cuantificador + de + cuantificado’)

    Neologismos estilísticos en los titulares de la prensa deportiva española: "NP + -azo/-ada"

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    This article focuses on a type of stylistic neologism very frequent in the sports press, specifically the nouns that present the structure “proper noun (PN) + -azo/-ada”. The objective is, first, to determine the role of these neologisms in sports headlines; second, to analyze the relation between the suffixes -azo / -aza, -azo and -ada, to catalog the different values that they contribute and to demonstrate the degree of fixation of some of the terms that they generate. The sample analyzed comes from the headlines of the main Spanish sports dailies (Marca, As, Mundo deportivo and Sport), from 2003 until 2017.Este artículo se centra en un tipo de neologismo estilístico muy frecuente en la prensa deportiva, concretamente los sustantivos que presentan la estructura “nombre propio (NP) + -azo/- ada”. El objetivo es, en primer lugar, determinar la función de estos neologismos en la titulación deportiva; en segundo lugar, analizar la relación que existe entre los sufijos -azo/-aza, -azo y -ada, catalogar los distintos valores que aportan y demostrar el grado de fijación de algunos de los términos que generan. La muestra analizada procede de titulares de los principales diarios deportivos españoles (Marca, As, Mundo deportivo y Sport), en un marco temporal que abarca desde 2003 hasta 2017

    Améliorer les interactions verbales dans un contexte de communication authentique: TICE et apprentissage du français langue étrangère

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    The aim of this paper is to present an empirical application of ICTs in the teaching and learning of French as a second language, focused on the development of the oral skills, and more precisely of verbal interactions. In order to improve interaction, different tools can be used such as Wikis, blogs, social networks, video-games etc. In the framework of this specific empirical application, learners undertook a task in an authentic language use context. Within this context, they interacted with native speakers, with teachers as well as with other students. Two different practices were studied using specific criteria: 1. the use of mobile phones in an authentic communication context in order to run an action-oriented task, and 2. the use of a university collaborative platform in order to give learners the opportunity to observe the interaction and to self-observe. Hence, phenomena such organisation of turn-taking in interaction and expression of intersubjectivity will be studied. Finally, based on these observations we will attempt to answer the following questions: What is the ICTs’ impact on language learning according to the point of view of students or teachers?Cet article a pour objectif de présenter une étude empirique de l’utilisation des TICE dans l’enseignement et l’apprentissage du français langue seconde, concentrée sur le développement de la compétence orale, et plus précisément des interactions verbales. Afin d’améliorer les interactions, différents outils peuvent être utilisés tels que les wikis, les blogs, les réseaux sociaux, les jeux vidéo, etc. Dans le cadre de cette étude spécifique, les apprenants ont entrepris une tâche dans un contexte d’utilisation linguistique authentique. Dans ce contexte, ils ont interagi avec des locuteurs natifs, avec des enseignants aussi bien qu’avec d’autres étudiants. Deux pratiques différentes ont été étudiées en utilisant des critères spécifiques: 1. l’utilisation des téléphones mobiles dans un contexte de communication authentique pour mener une tâche orientée vers l’action, et 2. l’utilisation d’une plateforme collaborative universitaire pour donner aux apprenants l’opportunité d’observer l’interaction et de s’auto-observer. Ainsi, des phénomènes tels que l’enchaînement des tours de parole et les commentaires intersubjectifs des apprenants seront étudiés. Enfin, nous tenterons de répondre à la question suivante à partir de ces observations: Quel est l’impact des TICE sur l’apprentissage des langues selon le point de vue des étudiants ou des enseignants

    The Journal of Corpora and Discourse Studies

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    La formación del ser humano. Sobre el humanismo de Manuel Granell

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    A common trait that ties Spanish philosophy and Latin American thought is represented by the strong connection between theoretical and practical knowledge. Indeed, philosophy is conceived both as a practical activity connected to the life experience of each person, and as means for reforming society. By taking into consideration the development of the Spanish liberal thought, in particular during the first half of the 20th century, this article analyses the original contribution to this philosophical perspective offered by Manuel Granell. This critical discussion aims to point out the relevance of Granell’s conception of ethology as a theoretical premise for the development of a renewed concept of humanistic philosophy and education, both in the Latin America context and in the global scenario.Uno de los vínculos más estrechos que une la filosofía española al pensamiento latinoamericano reside en la voluntad de construir un saber no exclusivamente teórico, sino también práctico, conectado con la experiencia vital del ser humano y orientado hacia la modificación de la sociedad. Siguiendo el desarrollo del pensamiento liberal español, en particular en relación a sus avatares durante la primera mitad del siglo XX, este artículo analiza la contribución original desarrollada por Manuel Granell a lo largo de su exilio en Venezuela. La discusión crítica de la propuesta de Granell permitirá comprender cómo su ciencia de la vida moral y su ontología del ser humano – es decir su ethología – sentaron las bases para un renovado concepto de filosofía y de educación humanista, tanto en el contexto latinoamericano como en perspectiva global

    La realidad invisible: materiales didácticos para la enseñanza de inglés y la creación de estereotipos de sexo y género (enfocado en la etapa de educación primaria)

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    Gender stereotypes, understood as those structured sets of beliefs about personal attributes of women and men, have a great influence over self-perspective and the social interaction and organisation. However, their effects are sometimes invisible, and a great effort should be made to develop awareness of their influence in the population. Our main claim is that School has an essential role to teach gender and sexual equality through the curricula, using teaching materials that are free of these stereotypes. The main aim of this study is to examine the presence of gender and sexually oriented stereotypes in various English teaching materials within the context of the Spanish Primary School, focusing on its last stage. This research carries out a qualitative and quantitative analysis of three English textbooks together with the students’ and teachers’ perceptions of gender stereotypes. The analysis is done thanks to the review of key concepts, such as gender awareness and sexual identity, as well as the presentation of various examination tools that have allowed us to evaluate the sexist content in the textbooks selected and offer some guidelines to avoid them in the English classroom.Los estereotipos de género, entendidos como el conjunto de creencias sobre los atributos personales de mujeres y hombres, ejercen una influencia importante sobre la autoperspectiva y la interacción y organización en nuestra sociedad. Sin embargo, sus efectos son a veces invisibles, y desarrollar una conciencia sobre su influencia en la población requiere un gran esfuerzo. Nuestro argumento primordial consiste en que la Escuela tiene un papel esencial a la hora de enseñar sobre la igualdad de género y sexo a través del currículo, usando materiales didácticos que estén libres de este tipo de estereotipos. Así pues, el principal objetivo de este estudio es examinar la presencia de estereotipos de sexo y género en varios materiales didácticos para la enseñanza de inglés en el contexto de la educación primaria española, centrándonos en su última etapa. Nuestra investigación se ha llevado a cabo mediante el análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de tres libros de texto para la enseñanza del inglés como lengua extranjera junto con el estudio de las percepciones sobre los estereotipos de género de alumnos y profesores. Para realizar este análisis hemos revisado conceptos clave, tales como la conciencia de género y la identidad sexual. Igualmente, hemos creado diferentes herramientas para evaluar el contenido sexista en los materiales elegidos y así ofrecer una serie de pautas que eviten la presencia de estos estereotipos en el aula de inglés en educación primaria

    El simbolismo de la comida y la reclusión traumática en "We Have Always Been in the Castle"

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    We Have Always Lived in the Castle (1962) is a contemporary Gothic Novel in which women appear as both villains and victims, subverting the traditional characterization of women in classic Gothic Fiction. The apparently innocent and selfless Constance and the young Mary Kate live isolated and absolutely dedicated to housewifery. Due to the recurrent presence of food in the novel and drawn by the significance of its omnipresence, the purpose of this article is to discuss the symbolic meaning of food based on a cultural approach and how the characters’ relationship with food marks their social class, power position, anxieties, fears and desires within and outside the family.We Have Always Lived in the Castle (1962) es una novela gótica contemporánea en la que las mujeres son a la vez víctimas y villanas, invirtiendo así la representación tradicional de las mujeres en la ficción Gótica clásica. La supuestamente inocente y desinteresada Constance y la joven Mary Kate, viven aisladas y totalmente dedicadas a los quehaceres del hogar. Debido a la repetitiva presencia de la comida en la novela y llevado por su ubicuidad, el propósito de este artículo es debatir sus significados simbólicos desde una perspectiva cultural y cómo la relación de los personajes con la comida marca su clase social, posición de poder, ansiedades, miedos y deseos dentro y fuera de la familia

    Nem tão “Damas”, nem tão “reclamonas”: recusando-se a ser vítimas

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    Assuming the condition of the victim, said the philosopher Santiago Alba Rico, is not the best way to be a complete political subject. In fact this condition is not the way to reach a fair society. We agree, that’s why in this article we want to go through all those female activists that yelled their rights and did not become victims at all, those who fight for their rights and were even arrested. With the starting point of the French Revolution where the “Ladies petition” was written by some anonymous females to the Pussy Riots. We go through the suffragettes with the leadership of Emmeline Pankhurts Goulden, then the female Black Panthers, with Angela Davis, and the female Brown Berets, with Gloria Arellanes, the Riot Grrrl and last but not least Pussy Riots and the Guerrilla Girls. Before starting our historical trip through this speaks out warriors we remember that it was also in the French Revolution when the perils of eloquence were most active. In fact all those women who used publicly their public reason were guillotined. That’s why at the end of the article we ask ourselves if there is no other way to do so. And we answer, no, there is no other way.Dice Santiago Alba Rico que asumir la condición de víctima para tener voz como sujeto político no debería ser el camino hacia una sociedad más justa. Sin duda estamos de acuerdo y por ello hacemos en este artículo un recorrido histórico por todas aquellas feministas que gritaron sus derechos y exigieron esa nueva sociedad por venir. Arrancando en la petición de damas de la Revolución Francesa en la que, como su mismo nombre indica, unas damas pedirán la abolición total de los privilegios de los hombres hasta las Pussy Riots descubrimos a las sufragistas, con Emmeline Pankhurst Goulden, seguimos con las Black Panthers, con Angela Davis, y las Brown Berets, con Gloria Arellanes, las Riot Grrrl y sus corolarios Pussy Riots y Guerrilla Girls. Antes de arrancar nuestro recorrido de lenguaraces obstinadas y guerreras recordamos que también en la revolución francesa la elocuencia se hizo muy peligrosa y durante el terror post revolucionario las cabezas de todas las damas que osaran hacer uso público de la razón fueron desgajadas de sus cuerpecitos. Por ello y tras nuestro recorrido nos preguntamos: ¿Es qué no hay otro modo?, a lo que decimos, no, no ha habido otro modo, y quizá siga sin haberlo.Santiago Alba Rico diz que assumir a condição de vítima para ter voz como sujeito político não deve ser o caminho para uma sociedade mais justa. Sem dúvida, estamos de acordo e, por essa razão, fazemos neste artigo uma revisão histórica sobre todas as feministas que gritaram por seus direitos e exigiram que uma nova sociedade viesse. Começando com as demandas das mulheres da Revolução Francesa (nas quais, como o próprio nome sugere, exigiam a total abolição dos privilégios dos homens) até as “Pussy Riots”, vamos descobrindo as sufragistas (como Emmeline Pankhurst Goulden), as “Black Panthers” (como Angela Davis), as “Brown Berets” (como Gloria Arellanes) e as “Riot Girls” e seus corolários “Pussy Riots” e “Guerrilla Girls”. Antes de iniciar nosso passeio por essas teimosas e bélicas “linguarudas”, lembramos que também na Revolução Francesa a eloquência tornou-se muito perigosa e, durante o Terror pós-revolucionário, cabeças de damas que se atreveram a fazer uso público da razão foram decepadas de seus frágeis corpos. Por isso, depois da nossa revisão, nos perguntamos: não havia outro caminho? Ao que respondemos: não, não havia ... e talvez ele siga não existindo

    Uma das crises do jornalismo passa por essa desconexão com o leitor e com a cidadania. Entrevista com Alejandro Rost

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    In this interview, professor Alejandro Rost, from the National University of Comahue, Argentina, reflects about the contemporary interactive relationship established between media and their public, and affirms that, with the extension of user visibility, there is an increase in the need for communication vehicles to find strategies and mechanisms to better manage the reader’s contributions. The participation of readers has increased, but the vehicles continue to mismanage the material originating from them. Rost gave this interview to Patrícia Specht, a postgraduate student at the Pontifícia Universidade Católica of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), during the 8th International Congress of Cyberjournalism in Campo Grande (MT), in Brazil, in September 2017, where Rost was an orator.En esta entrevista, Alejandro Rost, profesor de la Universidad Nacional de Comahue, en Argentina, reflexiona sobre las actuales relaciones de interactividad establecidas entre los medios de comunicación y sus públicos, afirmando que con la ampliación de la visibilidad del usuario, aumenta la necesidad de que estos vehículos de comunicación encuentren estrategias y mecanismos para administrar de manera más productiva la contribución del lector. Es decir, aunque hubo un incremento en la participación, los vehículos de comunicación continúan administrando mal el material aportado por el lector. Rost ha concedido esta entrevista a Patricia Specht, estudiante de postgrado de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), durante el Congreso Internacional de Ciberperiodismo de Campo Grande (MT), en Brasil, en septiembre de 2017, ocasión en que él fue el orador.Nesta entrevista, Alejandro Rost, Professor da Universidade Nacional de Comahue, Argentina, reflete sobre as atuais relações de interatividade estabelecidas entre os veículos de comunicação e seus públicos; e afirma que, com a ampliação da visibilidade do usuário, cresceu a necessidade de os primeiros encontrarem estratégias e mecanismos para administrar de maneira mais produtiva a contribuição dos leitores. Ou seja, embora tenha havido um aumento na participação, os veículos continuam a administrar mal o material deles. Rost concedeu esta entrevista a Patrícia Specht, aluna de pós-graduação da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), durante o Congresso Internacional de “Ciberjornalismo” em Campo Grande (MT), Brasil, em setembro de 2017, onde ele foi conferencista

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