19683 research outputs found
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Loneliness and Emotional and Externalizing Problems in Early Adolescence: Moderating and Mediating Effects of Coping Skills
No full textLoneliness is an unavoidable facet of human existence. When chronic and intense, adolescent loneliness is associated with maladjustment over time. A prospective multiple-cohort study examined the links between child-reported loneliness and coping skills and parent-rated child mental health in early adolescence (aged 11.9 years at Time 1; 12.9 years at Time 2), with a total of 266 students from 75 primary and 152 secondary schools. Results indicated that (i) boys and girls did not differ in their levels of loneliness; (ii) boys reported poorer coping, fewer emotional problems, and more externalizing problems than girls; (iii) loneliness in primary school predicted increases in emotional and externalizing problems over time; (iv) problem-solving and non-productive coping mediated the associations between loneliness and emotional problems and externalizing problems; and (v) reference to others’ coping moderated the association between loneliness and emotional problems. Findings suggest that loneliness may potentially erode positive coping mechanisms over time. This study emphasizes the importance of understanding and addressing the impact of loneliness on early-adolescent mental health.</p
From Ideas to Impact: How a Two-Day Workshop Shaped Programs and Evaluation Plans
No full textThe Partners in Prevention of Sexual Violence Project (Partners in Prevention Project) led by the Reducing Gender-based Violence Research Group (ReGEN) aims to generate new evidence about what works to prevent sexual violence in communities. This Australian Department of Social Services (DSS) funded project is divided into two stages: the development stage, where researchers and community-based organisations (called “delivery partners”) collaborate to further expand their existing programs for the prevention of sexual violence; and the implementation stage, where programs are delivered to their intended audience and are evaluated for their effectiveness to prevent sexual violence. In late 2024, during the development stage, researchers within the Partners in Prevention Project undertook two-day, in-person workshops with 12 community organisations/delivery partners. The workshops aimed to collaboratively develop the design and evaluation of programs as interventions for sexual violence prevention.</p
Does Developing a Belief in One Conspiracy Theory Lead a Person to be More Likely to Believe in Others?
No full textABSTRACT: The monological belief system model suggests that—for at least a subset of people—developing a belief in one conspiracy theory will cause them to be more likely to believe in others. This model has been influential in the literature, but its core causal hypothesis has never been credibly tested. We therefore tested it in two longitudinal studies. Study 1 used a sample from New Zealand and Australia (N = 498), with 7 monthly waves. Study 2 (preregistered) used a sample from New Zealand, Australia and the United Kingdom (N = 978), with 13 monthly waves. We applied random intercept cross‐lagged panel models, permitting a credible causal identification strategy, albeit we cannot rule out time‐varying confounds. We find that increased belief in a conspiracy theory at one wave did (on average) predict increased belief in other conspiracies at the next wave, although the estimated coefficients were small.</p
The PRIMROSE Project: Understanding Physiological Birth in the Contemporary Australian Setting: Developing a Consensus Statement of Physiological Birth Using a Mixed Method Explanatory Sequential Design
No full textA thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Judith Lumley Centre, School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.</p
What Helps or Hinders the Successful Experience of Secondary School for Autistic Students
No full textSubmitted in total fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.</p
How are Online Feedback Tools Used by Educators to Inform the Development of Online and Blended Learning Subjects in Higher Education?
No full textA thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Education to the School of Education, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.</p
Rehabilitation success and related costs following stroke in a regional hospital: a retrospective analysis based on the Australian National Subacute and Non-Acute Patient (AN-SNAP) classification
No full textBackground: Evidence is limited on the factors influencing successful stroke rehabilitation in regional contexts. Additionally, the relationship between rehabilitation costs following acute stroke, based on Australian National Subacute and Non-Acute Patient (AN-SNAP) casemix classification, and rehabilitation success remains unclear. Objective: This retrospective cohort study investigated the factors contributing to improved functional outcomes following stroke rehabilitation in an Australian regional hospital, also evaluating the respective average daily and total payments. Methods: Stroke patients’ admission records, during 2010–2020, were linked with rehabilitation registry data. Rehabilitation success was defined as relative functional gain (RFG) ≥ 0.5 and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) efficiency ≥ 1. Multivariate mixed effects logistical regressions modelled the sociodemographic and medical (i.e., comorbidities and stroke type) predictors of rehabilitation success, while logarithms of average daily and total rehabilitation payments were modelled using robust regressions. Results: Of 582 included patients, 315 (54.1%) achieved RFG ≥ 0.5 and 258 (52.2%) achieved FIM efficiency ≥ 1. A longer delay in starting rehabilitation was associated with a lower likelihood of achieving RFG success [Odds Ratio (OR): 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78–0.93, P </p
Progressing Beyond Institutional Closure to a Good Life for People with Intellectual Disabilities: Reflecting on the Nordic Countries
No full text"In the 1970s when I studied welfare states, the Scandinavian countries stood out as the archetypes—states committed to achieving equal societies through centralised planning, social interventions and the redistribution of resources. Not surprisingly, given such foundations, these countries were at the forefront of reforms for people with intellectual disabilities. In the 1980’s, inspired by the ideology of Normalisation that sought a life as close to normal as possible for people with intellectual disabilities, the Scandinavian countries began to close the institutions that symbolised their segregation and exclusion from society. Norway and Sweden led the world as the first countries to close all institutions (1995 and 2003 respectively), replacing them with small group homes and community services."</p
Local environments, accessibility and affordability: A qualitative analysis of alcohol purchasing across different socio-economic areas in Victoria, Australia
No full textIntroduction: Alcohol purchasing practices—linked to consumption practices and potential harms—vary across socio-economic environments. While there is an epidemiological link between purchasing and harm, little qualitative research unpacks purchasing practices with an eye to socio-economic status (SES). Drawing on qualitative interviews, this paper takes an ecological approach to examine how people in different SES areas discuss their alcohol purchasing practices to understand how SES influences alcohol purchasing. Methods: This analysis draws on 45 interviews with people who drink alcohol in Victoria, Australia conducted in 2023–2024. Participants were purposively recruited from low, middle and high SES neighbourhoods. All interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically. Results: Accessibility to alcohol outlets influenced purchasing patterns, with those in low SES neighbourhoods facing barriers to accessing on-premises venues. Neighbourhood-level norms shaped feelings of safety and enthusiasm for attending on-premises venues, often tied to local gentrification. Low SES neighbourhood participants were more constrained by on-premises costs but less conscious of alcohol budgeting, in contrast to the middle and high SES neighbourhood participants, who were more intentional about their budgeting. Participants from all groups noted cost of living concerns influenced alcohol affordability, contrasting this with the continued affordability of cheap wine. Discussion and Conclusion: This analysis provides important context as to how neighbourhood SES can influence purchasing practices. Notably, the emphasis on off-premises purchasing was common across the groups, influenced by cost of living pressures and perceived affordability of wine.</p
Proteomics and machine learning-based approach to decipher subcellular proteome of mouse heart
No full textProtein compartmentalization to distinctive subcellular niches is critical for cardiac function and homeostasis. Here, we employed a rapid and robust workflow based on differential centrifugal-based fractionation with mass spectrometry–based proteomics and bioinformatic analyses for systemic mapping of the subcellular proteome of mouse heart. Using supervised machine learning of 450 hallmark protein markers from 16 subcellular niches, we further refined the subcellular information of 2083 proteins with high confidence. Our data validation focused on specific subcellular niches such as mitochondria, cell surface, cardiac dyad, myofibril, and nuclear, unfolding dominant subcellular localization of proteins in their native environment of mouse heart. We further provide targeted nuclear enrichment and co-immunoprecipitation–based proteomic validation from the heart of nuclear-localizing protein networks. This study provides novel insights into the molecular landscape of different subcellular niches of the heart and serves as a draft map for heart subcellular proteome.</p