19683 research outputs found
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A systematic review of healthcare experiences of women and men living with coronary heart disease
No full textAbstract: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality for people worldwide, yet differences in the likelihood of receiving optimal care occur depend on gender. This study therefore aimed to explore the healthcare experiences of men and women living with CHD. A systematic search of qualitative research was undertaken, following PRISMA guidelines. Forty-three studies were included for review, involving 1512 people (62% women, 38% men; 0% non-binary or gender diverse). Thematic synthesis of the data identified four themes: (1) assumptions about CHD; (2) gender assigned roles; (3) interactions with health care; and (4) return to ‘normal’ life. A multilevel approach across the entire ecosystem of healthcare is required to improve equity in care experienced by people living with CHD. This will involve challenging both the individuals’ knowledge of CHD and awareness of health professionals to entrenched gender bias in the health system that predominantly favours men.</p
Australian parents' attitudes, perceptions and supply of alcohol to adolescents: a national cross-sectional survey
No full textParental supply of alcohol to adolescents is associated with increased risk of subsequent adolescent alcohol use and harms, so identifying factors associated with parents' decision-making is critical. This study examined how parental supply is associated with attitudes toward adolescent alcohol use, perceived norms of parental supply, perceived behavioural control and perceived acceptable age to drink alcohol. A total of 1197 Australian parents with children aged 12-17 years completed an online cross-sectional survey assessing their parental supply behaviours, attitudes and perceptions in April 2022. Logistic regression was used to explore associations between attitudes, perceptions and parental supply of alcohol to their child. Forty-three percent of respondents nominated an acceptable age to drink a full drink of alcohol below 18 years, and 23% reported supplying a full drink of alcohol to their adolescent. Parents were more likely to report supplying a full drink of alcohol if they nominated an acceptable drinking age below 18 years (</p
Why large Flakes? Later Acheulian handaxe manufacture at Amanzi Springs, Area 2 (Eastern Cape, South Africa)
No full textRecent studies have identified differences in handaxe reduction strategies within the Acheulian assemblages from Amanzi Springs, with operational sequences that involve a variety of giant core methods to produce large flake blanks, as well as being made directly on cobbles. Despite these different blank selection patterns, there is a general standardisation in the final morphology of handaxes from Area 2 (∼530 – </p
A defined diet for pre-adult Drosophila melanogaster
No full textDrosophila melanogaster is unique among animal models because it has a fully defined synthetic diet available to study nutrient-gene interactions. However, use of this diet is limited to adult studies due to impaired larval development and survival. Here, we provide an adjusted formula that reduces the developmental period, restores fat levels, enhances body mass, and fully rescues survivorship without compromise to adult lifespan. To demonstrate an application of this formula, we explored pre-adult diet compositions of therapeutic potential in a model of an inherited metabolic disorder affecting the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids. We reveal rapid, specific, and predictable nutrient effects on the disease state consistent with observations from mouse and patient studies. Together, our diet provides a powerful means with which to examine the interplay between diet and metabolism across all life stages in an animal model.</p
How platforms and politics disrupt democracy, and how governments are responding
No full textA thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts to the School of Humanities and Social Sciences, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.</p
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander LGBTQA+ Experiences Factsheet 1: Diversity among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander LGBTQA+ People
No full textBetween 2017 and 2020, several national surveys of LGBTQA+ people across Australia were conducted by the Telethon Kids Institute and by ARCSHS. These included:Trans Pathways: a study of gender diverse young people and their mental health and care pathwaysPrivate Lives 3: a study of health and wellbeing among LGBTQ+ adults (aged 18+)Writing Themselves In 4: a study of health and wellbeing among LGBTQA+ young people (aged 14-21)Each of these studies heard from some LGBTQA+ people who were also Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander. In order to highlight their specific and unique experiences, this project sought to draw together the responses from these LGBTQA+ Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Findings from these responses are presented in a series of factsheets.This factsheet explores characteristics of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander LGBTQA+ participants in Writing Themselves In 4, Private Lives 3 and Trans Pathways.</p
SDET Model: Best Practices in Placing DES Jobseekers into Work
No full textThe Australian Welfare and Work Lab, in collaboration with La Trobe University, is pleased to share insights an ongoing partnership with CVGT Australia, exploring innovative approaches to improve employment outcomes for jobseekers with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Placing highly disadvantaged jobseekers into sustainable employment remains a pressing challenge within welfare-to-work programs, both in Australia and globally. CVGT, a not-for-profit employment service provider, has taken a proactive approach by developing the Specialist Disability Employment Team (SDET) model. This person-centred initiative aims to address the unique barriers faced by this cohort by integrating employability services with counselling and allied supports. Findings from this research report will provide evidence on what works for people with a disability and shed some light on what can be learned from these experiences in relation to the next wave of reform of DES in 2025.https://arts.unimelb.edu.au/school-of-social-and-political-sciences/our-research/australian-welfare-and-work-lab/research-projects/cvgt-partnership </p
Knowing What It Is Like
No full textWhat kind of knowledge does one have when one knows what it is like to, say, fall in love, eat vegemite™, be a parent, or ride a bike? This Element addresses this question by exploring the tension between two plausible theses about this form of knowledge: (i) that to possess it one must have had the corresponding experience, and (ii) that to possess it one must know an answer to the 'what it is like' question. The Element shows how the tension between these two theses helps to explain existing debates about this form of knowledge, as well as puzzling conflicts in our attitudes towards the possibility of sharing this knowledge through testimony, or other sources like literature, theories, and simulations. The author also offers a view of 'what it is like' knowledge which can resolve both the tension between (i) and (ii), and these puzzles around testimony.</p
Weaving the threads of identity: mapping the veteran experience across the student life cycle
No full textResearch shows that higher education can help veterans build a new sense of identity, purpose and belonging after leaving the military. There are critical gaps, however, in our understanding of student veterans in the Australian context. This article aims to map the experiences of Australian veterans across the student life cycle to improve our understanding of this unique group. We systematically address the higher education stages of pre-access, access, participation, and attainment. Fourteen autobiographical interviews were conducted to obtain detailed and nuanced personal reflections. Findings demonstrate that veterans often make exemplary students who are motivated to pursue altruistic careers. However, transitions between the military and higher education can be difficult to navigate. We argue the need for a structured pathway between the military and higher education and increased support for veterans across the student life cycle. We recommend a range of initiatives to prepare veterans to thrive in higher education.</p
Voluntary Neonatal Medication Incident Reporting—A Single Centre Retrospective Analysis
No full textBackground: Medication errors in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are prevalent, with dosage and prescription errors being the most common. Aims: To identify the common medication errors reported over twelve years using a voluntary, nonanonymous incident reporting system (RiskMan clinical incident reporting information system) at an Australian tertiary NICU. Methods: This was a single-centre cohort study conducted at a tertiary NICU. All medication-related incidents (errors) reported prospectively through the RiskMan online voluntary reporting database from January 2010 to December 2021 were included. The medication incidents were grouped into administration, prescription, pharmacy-related, and others, which included the remaining uncommon incidents. Results: Over the study period, 583 medication errors were reported, including administration-related (41.3%), prescription-related (24.5%), pharmacy-related (10.1%), and other errors (24%). Most incidents were reported by nursing and midwifery staff (77%) and pharmacists (17.5%). Most outcomes were minor or insignificant (98%), with only a few resulting in major or significant harm. There was one extreme incident that may have contributed to the death of a neonate and nine moderate incidents. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that medication errors are common and highlight the need to support improvement initiatives and implement existing evidence-based interventions in routine practice to minimise medication errors in the NICU.</p