19683 research outputs found
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LGBTQA+ Mental Health and Suicidality: Western Australia Briefing Paper
No full textSuicidality and mental ill-health are serious concerns that impact all parts of the population in Australia, although some are disproportionately affected. LGBTQA+ people are recognised in numerous Commonwealth, State and Territory mental health and suicide prevention strategies or action plans.However, LGBTQA+ people continue to face barriers to accessing affirming healthcare and, to-date, limited comprehensive data exists on the mental health and healthcare experiences of LGBTQA+ people. This briefing paper outlines findings from three major surveys of LGBTQA+ people and aims to:Highlight the extent and nature of mental ill-health and suicidality among LGBTQA+ young people and adults in Western Australia (WA).Explore the factors that can put people at greater risk of suicide or mental ill-health, as well as those that reduce their risk of suicide.Examine mental health service engagement and preferences among LGBTQA+ people in WA.Draw comparisons between experience of LGBTQA+ people in WA compared to other jurisdictions in Australia, and where possible, comparisons between LGBTQA+ people in WA to the general population using the latest data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS; 2022-2022).</p
Mathematical strategies in health and physical education in the junior secondary years: An approach incorporating STEM and fitness
No full textNo description supplied</p
On Language Attitudes and Language Endangerment: The Dompo Language of Ghana in Perspective
No full textThe Dompo language, spoken in the North-Western part of the Bono Region of Ghana is a highly endangered language. The language has a remaining aged fluent speaker base of about three people, and a few other natives who have some basic knowledge ofits vocabulary. Dompo has lost its vibrancy to the Nafaanra language, whose speakers are believed to have migrated from the neighbouring country of Ivory Coast. Nafaanra is currently not only the language of everyday usage in the Dompo community, but is also the first language of most of the native Dompo people. This paper discusses the results of a survey of 100 local respondents in the Dompo community about their attitudes towards Dompo and their views on the causes of the degeneration of the language. 66respondents identified as native Dompos while 34 stated that they were Nafaanras. All the native Dompos recounted that while they have a positive attitude towards their language despite its current state, they bemoan its non-transmittal to them by their olderkinsmen. Intermarriages between Dompos and Nafaanras, which further led to the subjugation of the language, emigration of fluent speakers to other communities, lack of interest on the part of the younger generation to learn Dompo, and the language being used as a secret language to tattle about others,c are among some of the reasons given for the decline of the language.</p
The process of nurses' role negotiation in general practice: A grounded theory study
No full textAim: To explain the process by which nurses' roles are negotiated in general practice. Background: Primary care nurses do important work within a social model of health to meet the needs of the populations they serve. Latterly, in the face of increased demand and workforce shortages, they are also taking on more medical responsibilities through task-shifting. Despite the increased complexity of their professional role, little is known about the processes by which it is negotiated. Design: Constructivist grounded theory. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 participants from 17 New Zealand general practices between December 2020 and January 2022. Due to COVID-19, 11 interviews were via Zoom™. Concurrent data generation and analysis, using the constant comparative method and common grounded theory methods, identified the participants' main concern and led to the construction of a substantive explanatory theory around a core category. Results: The substantive explanatory theory of creating place proposes that the negotiation of nurse roles within New Zealand general practice is a three-stage process involving occupying space, positioning to do differently and leveraging opportunity. Nurses and others act and interact in these stages, in accordance with their conceptualizations of need-responsive nursing practice, towards the outcome defining place. Defining place conceptualizes an accommodation between the values beliefs and expectations of individuals and pre-existing organizational norms, in which individual and group-normative concepts of need-responsive nursing practice are themselves developed. Conclusion: The theory of creating place provides new insights into the process of nurses' role negotiation in general practice. Findings support strategies to enable nurses, employers and health system managers to better negotiate professional roles to meet the needs of the populations they serve, while making optimum use of nursing skills and competencies. </p
International PCOS guideline clinical research priorities roadmap: a co-designed approach aligned with end-user priorities in a neglected women's health condition
No full textBackground: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy with significant reproductive, metabolic, and psychological complications. Consensus on PCOS clinical research priorities across end-users is fundamental and necessitates a robust co-development of a clinical research roadmap to guide international research efforts. Methods: A multistage process included: i) international surveys of women and healthcare providers to identify research priorities and unmet needs; ii) interrogation of systematic reviews conducted for the International PCOS Guideline to identify research gaps; iii) International PCOS Guideline Network consensus generated clinical research roadmap; and iv) international peer review for external validation. Findings: A codesigned survey engaging 1278 women with PCOS and 1474 healthcare providers found general concordance on research priorities. International PCOS Guideline development processes identified gaps in the literature and coproduced over 150 research priorities throughout the women's life course, affirmed in international peer review. Key themes included: 1) Optimizing PCOS diagnosis; understanding natural history across diverse populations and life stages; detecting and preventing complications, and integrating and interrogating large data assets; 2) developing evidence-based resources, exploring optimal modes for information provision and models of care; 3) exploring effective lifestyle and weight management strategies; minimising weight stigma; 4) exploring intervention effects (including treatment efficacy, safety, cost-effectiveness, and long-term follow-up) on diverse features of PCOS across subgroups; and 5) optimising preconception care and fertility treatments in PCOS. Interpretation: This rigorously coproduced International PCOS Guideline clinical research roadmap addresses stakeholder priorities to guide future clinical research in this common yet neglected condition. The roadmap complements the established PCOS Core Outcome Set to enhance research quality, and tackles evidence-practice gaps to improve health outcomes for women with PCOS throughout their life course. </p
Linking up Student and Academic Voices: Reuniting Higher Education and the Public Sphere Through OER
No full textThis case study reflects on an open education practices (OEP) pilot project situated in a third-year history capstone course at La Trobe University: Making History: Communicating the Past (HIS3MHI). The project unites the voices of students and academics in showcasing Australian history for a general audience by using OER to publish multimodal student assessments. This generated a collection of historical writing that bridges the divide between the academic world and public history. We were inspired by projects implementing renewable assignments through student-generated OER (Fatayer & Tualaulelei, 2023).</p
A chance for countries to support Ireland's world‐leading cancer warning labels for alcohol containers
No full textAbstract: Ireland has regulated for all packaged alcohol products to include a health warning that states that ‘there is a link between alcohol and fatal cancers’. This warning is being opposed in the World Trade Organization by 12 member states who are raising that the warning is an unnecessary barrier to trade. The World Health Organization is supporting Ireland. Countries should not oppose Ireland's warning which is defensible from legal and public health perspectives.</p
Does Rejection of Inequality Encourage Green Consumption? The Effect of Power Distance Belief on Organic Food Consumption
No full textAbstract: With the rapid increase in the consumption of organic food, there has also been a growing interest in developing a nuanced understanding of the many different drivers of this consumption trend. Although many studies examine people’s motives for consuming organic food, the role of culture has received limited attention. The present research examines the hitherto unexplored role of power distance belief (PDB)—the extent to which people accept and endorse social hierarchy— on consumers’ organic food preferences and purchases. Across five studies, comprising both real and hypothetical purchases, we find that, due to their greater environmental concerns, low PDB consumers have a greater preference for organic foods than do high PDB consumers. We also demonstrate two strategies that motivate high PDB consumers to purchase more organic foods. Specifically, we show that high PDB consumers purchase organic foods more when environmental issues reduce society’s power distance in the future. Moreover, high PDB consumers reported greater organic food consumption when primed with low (vs. high) level construal. We conclude the paper with the implications of these findings for policymakers and businesses in terms of, for example, their segmentation, targeting, and promotion strategies.</p
Post-stroke cognitive impairment and brain hemorrhage are augmented in hypertensive mice
No full textHypertension is a major risk factor for both stroke and cognitive impairment, but it is unclear whether it may specifically affect post-stroke cognitive impairment. We assessed the effect of hypertension and/or stroke on brain injury, cognitive outcome, and the brain transcriptomic profile. C57BL/6J mice (n = 117; 3–5 mo.) received s.c. infusion of either saline or angiotensin II followed by sham surgery or photothrombotic stroke targeting the prefrontal cortex seven days later. Cognitive function was assessed with the Barnes maze and RNA sequencing was used to quantify transcriptomic changes in the brain. Angiotensin II treatment produced spontaneous hemorrhaging after stroke. In the Barnes maze, hypertensive mice that received stroke surgery had an increased escape latency compared to other groups (day 3: hypertensive + stroke = 166.6 ± 6.0 s vs. hypertensive + sham = 122.8 ± 13.8 s vs. normotensive + stroke = 139.9 ± 10.1 s vs. normotensive + sham = 101.9 ± 16.7 s), consistent with impaired cognition. RNA sequencing revealed >1500 differentially expressed genes related to neuroinflammation in hypertensive + stroke vs. normotensive + stroke, which included genes associated with apoptosis, microRNAs, autophagy, anti-cognitive biomarkers and Wnt signaling. Overall, we show that the combination of hypertension and stroke resulted in greater learning impairment and brain injury.</p
Troubling masculinities: a feminist, relational approach to researching sexual exploitation and abuse by peacekeepers
No full textThis article reflects on my political and methodological choices around interviews and the empirical insights they have yielded into the causes and consequences of peacekeeper sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA). I explore a feminist, relational approach that pursues generative, collaborative discussions with interlocutors during which inquiry and analysis are co-developed. I discuss how this approach created better spaces for collaborative dialogue and meaning-making with my interlocutors and set foundations for a relational analysis by allowing me to hear the discordant perspectives of institutions and local communities about the causes, consequences and experiences of SEA. I outline two empirical arguments this approach generated, to illustrate the method and its outcomes, and show that listening for how people experience the structures and power of peacekeeping generates robust analysis and can ground a dynamic relationship between researchers, communities and institutions which can be a valuable mechanism for challenging institutional preferences for instrumental analyses.</p