19683 research outputs found
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Artificial intelligence in international business
No full textArtificial intelligence is poised to transform international business through the adoption of new digital technology practices as part of the fourth industrial revolution. The how, when, and why of artificial intelligence implementation in international business is still somewhat unknown but will likely significantly influence performance outcomes, market interpretation, risk prediction, consumer interactions, and technology-based metrics. With greater emphasis on artificial intelligence-based tools, the future practice of international business will require digital literacy. This means business managers need to improve the way they analyze artificial intelligence in terms of appreciating its usefulness while maintaining privacy and mitigation strategies. In this editorial, we discuss the current developments regarding artificial intelligence in international business with the goal of identifying future research areas of importance.</p
Co-constructed communication therapy for individuals with acquired brain injury: A systematic review
No full textBackground: Meaningful, varied, joyful conversation is an important therapy target for adults with language or cognitive–communication disorders following acquired brain injury (ABI). However, the complexity of daily communication is often reduced to component parts within intervention programmes, with mixed evidence of generalization to everyday conversation. Interventions targeting co-construction of communication within a dyad offer a structured way in which to retain and treat elements of everyday conversation for individuals and their communication partner (CP). Such interventions exist but they are variably labelled, target different ABI populations and have not been synthesized. Aims: To identify the nature, scope and effects of intervention studies targeting co-constructed communication in adults with ABI. Method: This systematic review was completed using PRISMA Guidelines. Six databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, LLBA, PsychInfo) were searched and 1210 studies were screened. Data were extracted and studies were rated for methodological quality and completeness of reporting. Outcome measures and effects of treatment were collated through descriptive synthesis. Main Contribution: This review highlights an emerging evidence base in relation to an intervention approach that targets everyday communication. Co-constructed communication interventions have been reported by 13 studies, from a total of 206 participants with post-stroke aphasia, traumatic brain injury and progressive language impairments. These interventions take a range of formats, including referential communication tasks, retell/recount therapies and communication training programmes. Methodological quality evaluation indicated mostly low-level study designs. Heterogeneity was identified in primary outcome measures, with 28 unique primary outcome measures reported across studies. Most studies demonstrated change in task-specific or broad communication outcome measures. Conclusions: Co-constructed communication interventions may offer clinicians a systematic, protocolized, replicable way to target everyday communication for adults with ABI. More high-quality, experimental designs with complete reporting and psychometrically sound outcome measures are needed to strengthen the evidence base. </p
Screening for family violence and abuse
No full texthttps://www.elsevierhealth.com.au/jarviss-health-assessment-anz-9780729544658.html?srsltid=AfmBOore00UuugYb6dviy9fy6JtBQhmhPBZLl8Fva7G4jXIvD01G7pGY</p
Effectiveness of an anti-inflammatory diet versus low-fat diet for knee osteoarthritis: the FEAST randomised controlled trial protocol
No full textIntroduction: Chronic inflammation plays a key role in knee osteoarthritis pathophysiology and increases risk of comorbidities, yet most interventions do not typically target inflammation. Our study will investigate if an anti-inflammatory dietary programme is superior to a standard care low-fat dietary programme for improving knee pain, function and quality-of-life in people with knee osteoarthritis. Methods and analysis: The eFEct of an Anti-inflammatory diet for knee oSTeoarthritis study is a parallel-group, assessor-blinded, superiority randomised controlled trial. Following baseline assessment, 144 participants aged 45–85 years with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis will be randomly allocated to one of two treatment groups (1:1 ratio). Participants randomised to the anti-inflammatory dietary programme will receive six dietary consultations over 12 weeks (two in-person and four phone/videoconference) and additional educational and behaviour change resources. The consultations and resources emphasise nutrient-dense minimally processed anti-inflammatory foods and discourage proinflammatory processed foods. Participants randomised to the standard care low-fat dietary programme will receive three dietary consultations over 12 weeks (two in-person and one phone/videoconference) consisting of healthy eating advice and education based on the Australian Dietary Guidelines, reflecting usual care in Australia. Adherence will be assessed with 3-day food diaries. Outcomes are assessed at 12 weeks and 6 months. The primary outcome will be change from baseline to 12 weeks in the mean score on four Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS4) subscales: knee pain, symptoms, function in daily activities and knee-related quality of life. Secondary outcomes include change in individual KOOS subscale scores, patient-perceived improvement, health-related quality of life, body mass and composition using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, inflammatory (high-sensitivity C reactive protein, interleukins, tumour necrosis factor-α) and metabolic blood biomarkers (glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, liver function, lipids), lower-limb function and physical activity. Ethics and dissemination: The study has received ethics approval from La Trobe University Human Ethics Committee. Results will be presented in peer-reviewed journals and at international conferences.</p
“Old problems and old solutions”: snapshots of the Disability Royal Commission and people with intellectual disabilities
No full textNo description supplied</p
CHT unrest: Communal violence and the politics of misrepresentation
No full textNo description supplied.</p
Essays in Empirical Finance: A Risk Perspective
No full textA thesis submitted in total fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the La Trobe Business School, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.</p
Fostering technologies literacy: integrating technical vocabulary into the primary school Technologies curriculum for young learners
No full textAbstract: Technologies curriculum is synonymous with practical learning opportunities that provide students with vocational pathways, apprenticeships, and/or traineeships, in addition to tertiary education. As with any curriculum learning area, a base set of terms that reflect the key knowledge and skills are crucial for students to communicate effectively their understanding and achievement in that learning area. Technologies curriculum is no different. Vocabulary and language acquisition has been well researched in English and non-English language studies, and while there is some understanding of the use of technical language and vocabulary development in the research literature, this has been more prevalent in the vocational educational space. There remains limited understanding of the development and use of technical language, specifically technical vocabulary or terminology, which is posited by the authors to be central to successful problem-solving in the Technologies school curriculum. This paper provides an early insight into the use of technical language and vocabulary by young primary school students (ages 8–10), while working collaboratively on practical Design and Technologies problem-solving activities. By exposing students to three practical problem-solving activities involving students working collaboratively, the authors strove to understand how technical language/vocabulary influenced students’ collaborative problem-solving outcomes. The three activities were models of machines of varying difficulty: simple windmill, complicated tower crane, and complex steerable boat. This study found that the effectiveness of language use, technical vocabulary and problem comprehension strategies should be considered important factors in producing higher quality models and enhancing students collaborative problem-solving skills, especially in complex design-based engineering activities.</p
Microbial resistance and resilience to drought and rewetting modulate soil N<sub>2</sub>O emissions with different fertilizers
No full textFuture climate models indicate an enhanced severity of regional drought and frequent rewetting events, which may cause cascading impacts on soil nitrogen cycle and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, but the underlying microbial mechanism remains largely unknown. Here we report an incubation study that examined the impacts of soil moisture status and nitrification inhibitor (DCD) on the N2O-producers and N2O-reducers following the application of urea and composted swine manure in an acid soil. The soil moisture treatments included 100 % water-holding capacity (WHC) (wetting, 35.3 % gravimetric soil water content), 40 % WHC (drought, 7 % gravimetric soil water content), and 40 % to 100 % WHC (rewetting). The results showed that N2O emissions were significantly decreased under drought conditions and were significantly increased after rewetting. The resistance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nosZII, which was inhibited by urea or manure application, modulated N2O emissions under drought conditions. The resilience of the functional guilds modulated their dominant role in N2O emissions with rewetting. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, nirS-type denitrifying bacteria and nosZI showed significant resilience in response to rewetting. Significant negative relationships were observed between N2O emissions and nosZII clade under wetting condition and between N2O emissions and nosZI clade after rewetting. Our results highlighted the importance of microbial resistance and resilience in modulating N2O emissions, which help to better understand the dominant way of N2O emissions, and consequently make efficient mitigation strategies under the global climate change.</p
Imagined Kinships: Love, Loss and Power Relations in Colonial and Wartime Sumatra
No full textSubmitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Humanities and Social Sciences, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.</p