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Sorted collection and map types for OCL
Get PDFThe OCL collection types defined in the OMG v2.4 standard are a key part of the language, and corre- sponding types can now be found in most modern programming languages such as Java, C# and Python. Further aggregate types, particularly maps, have been added in revised OCL versions. In this paper we give a rationale for extending the OCL collection and map type system with intrinsically-sorted versions of these aggregate types. We show that these types have strong semantic properties and that their use can improve the efficiency of generated code.<br/
"Confession is good for the soul?":Charismatics and Confession in Conversation
No full textScripture speaks of confessing our sins to God and to one another (e.g. Psa. 32:5; Jas. 5:16; 1 Jn. 1:9). For a tradition that has been strong on sin and the Bible, how do evangelicals deal with confession? In this article, I explore practices of confession in UK charismatic networks based on interviews with five national leaders using a critical conversation methodology. These networks largely adopted an informal and spontaneous ‘liturgy’ since they began in the 1970s, so this is also a case study of what shape practices take when traditional Christian practices have been put aside. As a semi-indigenous researcher, I offer an account of the ‘what’ of charismatic confession practice from a leader’s perspective: as a network, in public worship, small groups and individually. I conclude that these confession practices can be characterised as relational, DIY and ‘as and when’. I then proceed to offer some ‘whys’ for these practices including pendulum swings of recent tradition, the relation of confession to charismatic sung worship, and both emic and etic deformations. Finally I ask ‘Whither charismatic confession?’ and answer this through posing three questions for reflection around the Bible and confession, retrieval of practices and the formative power of practices. This leads into a response to the special issue question of how God’s own action is disclosed through these conversations about confession with charismatics
Physiological and behavioural responses of aquatic organisms to microplastics and experimental warming
No full textMicroplastics are an emerging contaminant of concern because of their potential to cause harm to aquatic biota, such as reproduction, growth, and survival, and there is a lack of knowledge about how microplastics can affect other sub-lethal responses, such as movement behaviour and respiration rates, which may have consequences for species interactions. Additionally, there is little evidence for the effects of microplastics under different climate warming scenarios. To address this knowledge gap, the effects of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) microplastics, in combination with different constant temperature regimes (10°C, 15°C, and 20°C) and a fluctuating regime (10 - 20°C over a 24h diel cycle) on the respiration rates, feeding rates, and movement speeds of Gammarus pulex and Asellus aquaticus were assessed. Respiration rates of G. pulex increased with temperature according to metabolic theory, but there was no evidence for increased respiration rates of A. aquaticus at higher temperatures. Overall, the respiration rates and movement speeds of G. pulex were higher than A. aquaticus but there was no evidence that microplastics independently, or in combination with experimental warming, influenced any of the responses tested. There is increasing evidence that some microplastic particles may not be harmful to aquatic biota, and the findings presented in this study indicated that further evidence about the effects of different microplastic types, in combination with other human-induced pressures, is required to better understand the hazards and risks associated with microplastic particles in the environment
Do pre- and post- rehabilitation influence hospital length of stay and patient recovery following total hip replacement in the UK?:A systematic scoping review and Delphi study
No full textPre-operative rehabilitation is an effective means of reducing Length of Stay (LoS), but little evidence is available on its influence on Total Hip Replacement (THR) patients. Hence, a review of UK-based experimental studies to evaluate the effect of physical therapy on LoS was performed. Subsequently, a narrative synthesis was employed to develop a three-round Delphi study targeting UK clinicians. The review and Delphi results showed that patients had higher satisfaction with education clinics, but nurse-led assessment and physiotherapist education were not superior to standard pre-operative practices. The Delphi highlighted the challenges and benefits of (p)rehabilitation and provided suggestions for THR best practices. In conclusion, the study shows that there is a lack of evidence on the effectiveness of (p)rehabilitation on LoS; further research is recommended into education, (p)rehabilitation and patient self-efficacy interventions to enhance THR patients' pathways.</p
