56271 research outputs found
Sort by
Dye lasing and laminar flow-induced dissolution in hydrodynamically trapped oil microdroplets
No full textDye lasing and laminar flow-induced dissolution are demonstrated with hydrodynamically trapped oil microdroplets in a glycerol-water solution
An analysis of sarrafs credit networks in Istanbul (1844-1863)
Get PDFThis thesis is a work on the sarraf networks in Istanbul, which developed and expanded in the Tanzimat era and played a significant role in the Ottoman financial system. Sarrafs were a part of the guild organization in the Ottoman Empire. Originally, they were engaged in supplying silver to the Imperial mint. monetary exchange and supplying silver to the Imperial Mint. Changes in the financial mechanism such as the formation of a new monetary regime in the Ottoman Empire, the growth of the budget and the intensification of financial relations have caused sarrafs to become credit institutions supplying funds to the Imperial Treasury and state. The sarrafs became an important group that utilized their own capital as well as deposits to finance the taxfarming sector on which the Ottoman financial system rested. The sarrafs functioned as a mediator between the officials in the taxfarming sector to whom they supplied credit and depositors. The Imperial Mint sarraf registry number 167 covers many disputes between these parties in the years 1844-1863. These data enable us to to analyze the financial profiles of hundreds of people who were sarrafs, tax-farmers (mültezims) and depositors (mudi’s) according to their social categories. The inclinations of change in these profiles, the difference between these disputes’ quality and frequency, and the graphs prepared to show the factors affecting them indicate the total volume of Istanbul sarrafs registered in this registry as well as those who died, went bankrupt or fled. Accordingly, developments that led to bankruptcy or fleeing of the sarrafs and the disputes that followed are much more than those who died.ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................ iv
ÖZ ................................................................................................................................ v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................ vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................... viii
LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................................... ix
LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................... x
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................... xii
CHAPTERS
1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 1
2. SARRAFS AND THEIR RELATIONS WITH THE OTTOMAN IMPERIAL TREASURY ................................................................................................................. 8
2.1. A Short Glance at Guild Organization in the Ottoman Empire ........................ 8
2.1.1. An Example of Guilds in the Ottoman Empire: The Sarrafs. .................. 11
2.1.2. The Structural Features of the Sarraf Association and Their Privileges .. 14
2.2. The Function of Sarrafs in the Ottoman Treasury .......................................... 18
2.2.1. Sarrafs as Financers of the İltizam System .............................................. 19
2.2.2. Sarrafs as Credit and Deposit Institutions ................................................ 22
2.2.3. Anatolian and Rumelian Sarraf Groups ................................................... 24
2.3. Confiscation of Sarrafs’ Estates ...................................................................... 24
2.3.1. Execution of Sarrafs ................................................................................. 26
3. AN EVALUATION OF THE IMPERIAL MINT SARRAF REGISTRY NUMBER 167 .............................................................................................................................. 26
3.1. A Short Evaluation of the Contents of the Registry ........................................ 26
3.1.1. Groups in Relation with Sarrafs ............................................................... 29
3.1.2. Titles of Clients ........................................................................................ 30
3.1.3. Religious Composition of Clients ............................................................ 32
3.1.3.1. Muslims ............................................................................................. 33
3.1.3.2. Non-Muslims .................................................................................... 34
3.1.4. Occupation of Clients ............................................................................... 35
3.2. Dead, Bankrupt a Missing Sarrafs .................................................................. 38
3.2.1. Deceased Sarrafs ...................................................................................... 39
3.2.2. Relations of Bankrupt and Missing Sarrafs ............................................. 40
3.3. Volume of Transactions: Relation of Sarrafs with Different Groups of People
................................................................................................................................ 41
3.3.1. Titled ........................................................................................................ 41
3.3.2. Gender ...................................................................................................... 43
3.3.2.1. Men ................................................................................................... 43
3.3.2.2. Women .............................................................................................. 44
3.3.3. Sarrafs and Communities ......................................................................... 44
3.3.4. Sarrafs and Institutions ............................................................................. 45
3.3.5. Sarrafs and Orphans ................................................................................. 47
3.3.6. Number of Titled and Untitled Persons doing Business with Sarrafs ...... 48
3.3.6.1. Untitled .............................................................................................. 49
3.3.6.2. Sarrafs and Titled Persons: Amount of Credit and Debt (in kurushes)
........................................................................................................................ 49
3.3.7. Sarrafs and non-Muslims doing Business with them: Number of Creditors and Debtors ........................................................................................................ 51
3.3.7.1. Sarrafs and non-Muslims doing Business with them: Percentage of Credit and Debt .............................................................................................. 51
3.3.8. Sarrafs and Occupation Clients: Amounts of Credit and Debt ................ 52
3.3.8.1. Sarrafs and Administrative People: Credit and Debt (in kurushes) .. 52
3.3.8.2. Sarrafs and Merchants: Amount of Credit and Debt (in kuruşes) ..... 53
3.3.8.3. Sarrafs and Guilds: Amount of Credit and Debt ............................... 54
3.3.8.4. Sarrafs and Scholars: Amount of Credit and Debt ............................ 55
3.3.8.5. Sarrafs and Military People: Amount of Credit and Debt................. 56
3.3.8.6. Sarrafs and the Occupations of Their Clients: Amounts of Credit and Debt (in kurushes) .......................................................................................... 57
3.3.8.7. Sarrafs and the Occupations of Their Clients: Percentages of Total Credit and Debt .............................................................................................. 59
4. CONCLUSION ...................................................................................................... 61
BIBLIOGRAPHY ...................................................................................................... 63
APPENDIX ................................................................................................................ 6
Who is the author of Rūz-nāme, one of the short chronicles on the Patrona Rebellion in 1730, called “Aḥmed?
No full textMakale, yazarın izniyle açık erişimli kullanıma açılmıştır.Osmanlı tarihinin şâhid olduğu en büyük isyanlardan biri olan 1730 Patrona isyanı hakkında resmî tarih yazımının yer vermediği ve vermesinin beklenemeyeceği en önemli ayrıntılar, isyanın görgü tanıkları tarafından kaleme alınmış çağdaş kısa kroniklerde yer almaktadır. Bu konuda, özellikle son yıllarda bilinmeyen yeni kroniklerin ortaya çıkması, bize vak‘ayı oldukça farklı yönlerden değerlendirebilme imkânı sağlamıştır. Bu makalede, isyanla ilgili bu yeni kısa kroniklerden biri olan Rūz-nāme’nin kimliği meçhûl yazarı “Ahmed”in kim olduğu, eserin fiziksel özellikleri ve devrin diğer kaynaklarındaki ipuçları ışığında tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır
Halîl-nâme yazarı Abdülvâsi Çelebi’nin Edirne’deki vakfına ilişkin bir belge
No full textMakale, yazarın izniyle açık erişim kullanıma açılmıştır.Osmanlılar’da kuruluş devrinden intikâl etmiş resmi belge ya da defterlerin sayısı çok az olmakla birlikte, özellikle tahrir kayıtları ve vakfiye/mülk-nâme düzenleme işinin, Devlet-i aliyye’nin en parlak çağlarında olduğu gibi, bu devirde de oldukça erken tarihlerden beri titizlikle yürütüldüğü söylenilebilir. Her ne kadar ele geçen maddî kanıtlar oldukça sınırlı ise de, Osmanlılar’da vakıf ve tahrir işlemlerinin kurucu hükümdar Osman Gâzî döneminde başladığı ve Orhan Gâzî döneminde sistemleşerek daha da ivme kazandığı, özellikle Kirmasti’nin fethinden sonra daha önceki vakıf ve arazi bağışlarının ilk kez defterdar nezdinde bir defterde toplandığı, Hüdâvendigâr Livâ sı Tahrir Defterleri ’nde ve bu devrin ricâline ait bazı vakfiyelerde yer alan atıflardan açıkça anlaşılmaktadı
Vulnerable desires:impoverished migrant consumers in Turkey
No full textWe aim to contribute to the existing literature by studying how poor, immigrant consumers talk about their needs, desires, and hopes and how their interpretations are structured by various institutional and cultural discourses and norms. The context of our study is ruralto-urban migrants in Turkey. In many developing countries, including Turkey, worsening living conditions in rural areas, such as decrease in employment opportunities, increased threats of natural disasters, limited access to health and education facilities lead to large scale rural-to-urban migration (Hemmasi and Prorok 2002). These migrants move into the peripheries of big cities, build shantytown communities, and live in conditions of poverty. Poor, migrant consumers present a different case than homeless or urban poor consumers that are typically studied in the consumer behavior literature. The migrant consumers go through a process of acculturation (e.g. Oswald 1999; Penaloza 1989, 1994; Sandikci et al 2006; Ustuner and Holt 2007) which involve negotiation of rural and urban values and norms. During their adjustment to the new environment, their needs, desires, and hopes are likely to change. However, as Belk et al (2003) note, how consumer desires are negotiated among people who have not grown up in an urban, marketizing society remains an understudied area. Before we discuss the insights our research offers into poor consumers, we briefly review relevant literature
İstanbul Şehir Üniversitesi 2013-2014 Akademik Yılı Faaliyet Raporu
No full textİstanbul Şehir Üniversitesi yıllık akademik ve idari faaliyetlerini bastırarak ilgili birimlere dağıtır
Disciplinary transformation of late Ottoman legal education (1826-1926) : an interactional field analysis
No full textTezin basılısı İstanbul Şehir Üniversitesi Kütüphanesi'ndedir.The variety of theoretical approaches that have emerged as results of extensive empirical research within the new sociology of knowledge during the last fifty years may offer useful perspectives for explaining the dizzying historical processes of the late Ottoman period in a way to cope with the substantialist, teleological, and dichotomist perspectives that have long dominated late Ottoman historiography. Located within the new sociology of knowledge, this thesis seeks to provide a historical sociological explanation of the disciplinary transformation of Ottoman legal education from 1826 to 1926, primarily based on the available historical scholarship. Utilizing Abbott’s theory of linked ecologies/interactional fields and a Bourdieusian analysis of modern state formation, this thesis offers first a structural analysis of the formations of the Ottoman higher educational ecology to the nineteenth century as the historical background of later transformations. It then analyses the historical conditions of possibility for the disciplinary transformation of the Ottoman legal education from 1826 to 1926. The thesis has two main arguments. The first is that the disciplinary transformation of Ottoman legal education took place as a result of several processes of competition, which constituted aspects of the overarching process of modern state formation, between diverse bureaucratic, higher educational, judicial, and disciplinary collective actors within an interactional field at the intersection of bureaucratic, higher educational, and judicial ecologies. The second argument is that the increasing amount of symbolic power emergent collective actors (such as the Maarif Nezareti or Mekteb-i Hukuk) accumulated to the detriment of rooted collective actors (such as the Meşihat or madrasa system) within the aforementioned interactional field during the processes of modern state formation allowed the discipline of law to gradually dominate curricular space of legal education at the expense of fiqh, thus transforming Ottoman legal education from a fiqh-centered to a law-centered disciplinary structure.Abstract………………………………………...…………………………………….iv
Öz………………………………………...…………………………………………...v
Acknowledgements…………………………………...……...………………………vi
Table of Contents…………………………………...……...…..……………………vii
CHAPTERS
1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................
1 1.1. Rationale, Topic, and Research Questions ........................................................ 2
1.2. Historiography of Late Ottoman Legal Education: A General Assessment of the Literature ............................................................................................................ 4
1.3. Research Design and Outline of Chapters ........................................................ 9
2. THE NEW SOCIOLOGY OF KNOWLEDGE AND ABBOTT’S THEORY OF LINKED ECOLOGIES/INTERACTIONAL FIELDS .............................................. 13
2.1. A Panoramic Review of the Sociology of Knowledge and the Location of Research within the Literature ............................................................................... 13
2.1.1. The Foundation Period (Prior to the 1960s) ............................................. 14
2.1.2. The Transition Period (the 1960s) ........................................................... 25 2.1.3. The Re-foundation Period (after the 1970s)............................................. 26
2.2. Theoretical Perspective ................................................................................... 30
2.2.1. General Theoretical Perspectives for A Sociology of Disciplinary Knowledge ......................................................................................................... 30
2.2.2. An Abbottian Perspective on Social Reality and Disciplinarity .............. 33
3. FORMATIONS OF OTTOMAN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL ECOLOGY AND OF LEGAL EDUCATION UP TO THE 19TH CENTURY....................................... 42
3.1. A Panoramic Outlook of the Configurations of Higher Educational Ecology in the Ottoman Social Space (14th to 18th Centuries) ................................................. 42
3.1.1. The Ottoman Entrance to Islamicate Higher Educational Ecology (14th and Early 15th Centuries) .................................................................................... 43
3.1.2. The Ottomanization of Islamicate Higher Educational Ecology (Late 15th and 16th Centuries) ............................................................................................. 50
3.1.3. The Crisis and Reconsolidation of the Established Order of the Ecology (17th to 19th Centuries) ....................................................................................... 57
3.1.4. Renewal Movements and Scholarly Florescence in the Margins of the Islamicate Higher Educational Ecology ............................................................. 62
3.2. A Summative Epilogue ................................................................................... 66
4. AN INTERACTIONAL FIELD OF MODERN STATE FORMATION AND DISCIPLINARY TRANSFORMATION OF THE OTTOMAN LEGAL EDUCATION (19th and Early 20th Centuries) ........................................................... 69
4.1. Formation of Modern State as Struggle over Monopolization of Symbolic Power: A Bourdieusian Vaccination to the Abbotian Theoretical Body ............... 69
4.2. The Reign of Mahmud II: Paving the Way for the Transformation of Higher Educational Ecology .............................................................................................. 76
4.3. The Long Tanzimat Period: Initial Transformations of Higher Educational Ecology and the Emergence of Competing Types for Legal Education ................ 79
4.4. The Meşrutiyet Period: The Acceleration of Competition in Higher Educational Ecology and of the Disciplinary Transformation of the Ottoman Legal Education................................................................................................................ 94
4.5. The First World War Years and The Foundation of the Turkish Republic: The Forced End of Both the Competition in Higher Educational Ecology and the Disciplinary Transformation of Legal Education ................................................ 103
5. CONCLUSION .................................................................................................... 108
BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................... 119
APPENDIX: ILLUSTRATIVE FIGURE AND CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE.….13
Makina kırılması sigortasında riziko
No full textTezin basılısı İstanbul Şehir Üniversitesi Kütüphanesi'ndedir.Temelinde güven ilişkisinin yer aldığı sigorta sözleşmesinde sigorta ettirenin asıl yükümlülüğü olan prim ödeme borcuna karşılık sigortacı da rizikonun gerçekleşmesi sebebiyle meydana gelen zararı giderme yükümlülüğü altındadır.
Toplumsal yaşamda birey, birçok türde risk grupları ile karşı karşıyadır. Söz konusu risklerin tamamına karşı sigorta teminatı sunulması teorik olarak mümkün olmakla birlikte sigortacılık tekniği açısından bazı risk türleri sigorta sözleşmelerinde belirtilmek suretiyle teminat kapsamı dışında tutulmaktadır.
Bu çalışmamız ile makina kırılması sigortası genel şartları uyarınca teminat kapsamında olan, aksi kararlaştırılmadığı sürece sigorta teminatı kapsamı dışında kalan ve mutlak olarak sigorta korumasından yararlanamayacak riziko grupları tek tek açıklanmıştır.
Ayrıca sigorta ettirenin sigorta sözleşmesi akdedilmeden önce, sözleşme müddeti boyunca ve riziko gerçekleştikten sonraki görevlerine de değinilmiştir.ÖZ……………………………………………………………………………………iv
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................. v TEŞEKKÜR ................................................................................................................ vi KISALTMALAR ........................................................................................................ xi GİRİŞ………………………………………………………………………………... 1
I. GENEL OLARAK .................................................................................................... 1 II.MAKİNA KIRILMASI SİGORTASININ TARİHÇESİ VE ÖNEMİ ..................... 3
III.MAKİNA KIRILMASI SİGORTASININ TÜRK HUKUKUNDAKİ YERİ…….7
BÖLÜM I ................................................................................................................... 10 MAKİNA KIRILMASI SİGORTASINDA KARŞILANAN RİZİKOLAR ............. 10
1-Riziko ...................................................................................................................... 10 2-Makine Kırılması Sigortası Rizikoları .................................................................... 12
I.Konusu ve Kapsamı ..................................................................................... 12
II.Sigortalanan Rizikolar ................................................................................ 17
A.İşletme Kazaları Rizikosu ...................................................................... 18
B.Modelin, İmalatın, Montajın, Malzemenin, Kalıbın, Dökümün ve İşçiliğin Kusurlu Olması Rizikosu ............................................................ 19
C.Yağlama Kusuru Rizikosu ..................................................................... 23
D.Elektrik Enerjisinin Doğrudan Doğruya Tesiri Neticesi Kısa Devre, Şerare, Voltaj Yükselmesi ile İzolasyon Hatası ve Atmosferik Elektrikiyetin Dolaylı Etkileri Rizikosu .................................................... 25
E.Tıkanma, Yabancı Maddelerin Girmesi Rizikosu .................................. 28
F.Santrifüj Kuvvetinden Husule Gelen Parçalanma Rizikosu................... 28
G.Buhar Kazanlarında ve Buhar Kaplarında Su Noksanlığı Rizikosu ...... 29
H.Su Çekiçlemesi, Ani Olarak Aşırı Isınma veya Soğuma Rizikosu ........ 30
İ.Kapalı Kaplardaki Alçak Basınç Dolayısıyla Husule Gelen Deformasyonlar Rizikosu .......................................................................... 30
J.Fırtına ve Kasırgadan, Dondan veya Çözülen Buz Parçalarının Yürümesi Rizikosu ..................................................................................................... 31
K.İşletme Personelinin veya Üçüncü Şahısların İhmali, Kusuru, Hatası, Dikkatsizliği veya Sabotajı Rizikosu ......................................................... 32
L.İstisna Edilmeyen Diğer Hallerden Kaynaklanan Teminatlar ............... 36
III.Rizikonun İspatı ........................................................................................ 37
BÖLÜM II .................................................................................................................. 40 RİZİKONUN SINIRLANDIRILMASI ..................................................................... 40
3-Rizikonun Sınırlandırılması .................................................................................... 40 I.Genel Olarak ................................................................................................ 40
II.Sınırlandırma Türleri .................................................................................. 41
4-Birincil Sınırlamalar ............................................................................................... 41 I.Rizikonun Konusu Bakımından Sınırlandırılması ....................................... 41
II.Rizikonun Yer Bakımından Sınırlandırılması ............................................ 44
III.Rizikonun Süre Bakımından Sınırlandırılması ......................................... 46
5-İkincil Sınırlamalar ................................................................................................. 50 I.Mutlak Muafiyetler ...................................................................................... 50
A.Harp, her türlü harp olayları, istila, yabancı düşman hareketleri, çarpışma (harb ilan edilmiş olsun olmasın), iç harp, ihtilal, isyan, ayaklanma ve bunların gerektirdiği inzibati ve askeri hareketler sebebiyle meydana gelen bütün ziya ve hasarlar. ...................................................... 50
B.Heangi bir nükleer yakıttan veya nükleer yakıtın yanması sonucu nükleer artıklardan veya bunlara atfedilen sebeplerden husule gelen iyonlayıcı radyasyonların veya radyoaktivite buluşmalarının ve bunların gerektirdiği askeri ve inzibati tedbirlerin sebep olduğu bütün ziya ve hasarlar....................................................................................................... 51
C.Kamu otoritesi tarafından sigortalı kıymet üzerinde yapılacak tasarruflar sebebiyle meydana gelen bütün ziya ve hasarlar ....................................... 51
D.Yangın veya yangın vukuu dolayısıyla yapılan söndürme, yıkma ve kurtarma ameliyelerinin ve yıldırımın doğrudan doğruya tesirlerinden oluşan zarar ve hasarlar ............................................................................. 52
E.Hangi sebepten husule gelirse gelsin her türlü kar kaybı ve mali mesuliyetlerden ortaya çıkan zarar ve hasarlar.......................................... 55
F.Hırsızlık veya hırsızlığa teşebbüs dolayısıyla meydana gelen zarar ve hasarlar....................................................................................................... 56
G.Toprak çökmesi veya kayması, çiğ, volkan indifaları, deprem, sel ve su basması gibi tabii afetlerden doğan zararlar .............................................. 58
H.Makinaların normal işlemesinden ve mutad kullanılmasından doğan aşınma ve yıpranmalardan veya çürüme, paslanma veya oksidasyondan, buhar kazanlarında kireçlenme ve çamurlanmadan işletmede doğrudan doğruya meydana gelen etkilerden, atmosferik ve sair şartların sebebiyet verdiği tedrici bozulmalardan husule gelen zarar ve hasarlar ................... 59
İ.Kimyevi madde ve gazların ani oksidasyonu veya müşterek reaksiyonları neticesi vukua gelen infilaklarından, atmosferik elektrikiyet sebebiyle patlamaya mütemayil tozların infilakından doğan zararlar ....................... 63 J.Sigortalı iken hasarlanan ve bu hasar giderilmeden makinanın kullanılması neticesinden doğan zararlar .................................................. 63 K.Sigortalının veya onun yerine kaim olan sorumlu kişinin kasdından ve ayrıca sözleşme varsa ağır kusurundan mütevellit maddi ziya ve hasarlar 66 L.3713 sayılı Terörle Mücadele Kanununda belirtilen terör eylemleri ve bu eylemlerden doğan sabotaj sonucunda oluşan veya bu eylemleri önlemek ve etkilerini azaltmak amacıyla yetkili organlar tarafından yapılan müdahaleler sonucu meydana gelen biyolojik ve/ veya kimyasal kirlenme, bulaşma veya zehirlenmeler nedeniyle oluşacak bütün zararlar ............... 68 II.Genel Şartlarda Mutlak Muafiyet Olarak Kabul Edilen Bir Husus Sözleşmeye Konulacak Özel Bir Hükümle Sigorta Teminatı Kapsamına Dahil Edilebilir mi? .................................................................................................. 69
A.Fiziki infilaklardan meydana gelen ziya ve hasarlar ............................. 76
B.Makina veya tesisin temel ve kaidelerinde teminat kapsamına giren sebeplerden ötürü meydana gelen ziya ve hasarlar ................................... 77
C.Teminatın kapsamına giren sebeplerden ötürü meydana gelen ziya ve hasarların gerektirdiği; uçak dışında kalan seri vasıtalarla yapılan nakliye masrafları, fazla mesai ve tatil günleri ücret ve zamları ............................ 77
D.Grev, lokavt, kargaşalık ve halk hareketlerinin ve bunların gerektirdiği askeri ve inzibati hareketlerin sebep olduğu bütün ziya ve hasarlar ......... 79
E.3 üncü maddenin (l) bendinde belirtilen zararlar hariç olmak üzere, 3713 sayılı Terörle Mücadele Kanununda belirtilen terör eylemleri ve bu eylemlerden doğan sabotaj ile bunları önlemek ve etkilerini azaltmak amacıyla yetkili organlar tarafından yapılan müdahaleler sonucunda meydana gelen zararlar .............................................................................. 80
F.Sigorta sözleşmesiyle teminat altına alınan rizikoların gerçekleşmesi sonucunda doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak meydana gelen her türlü çevre kirliliği sebebiyle oluşabilecek bütün zararlar ........................................... 81
BÖLÜM III ................................................................................................................ 82 SİGORTA ETTİRENİN RİZİKO İLE İLGİLİ GÖREVLERİ .................................. 82
6-Riziko İle İlgili Görevler ........................................................................................ 82 7-Sözleşme Öncesi Bildirim Görevi ..........................................................................
8 I.Genel Olarak ................................................................................................ 83
II.İhlalin Yaptırımı ......................................................................................... 85
A.Riziko Gerçekleşmeden İhbar Yükümlülüğünün İhlal Edilmesi ........... 85
B.Riziko Gerçekleştikten Sonra İhbar Yükümlülüğünün İhlal Edilmesi .. 88
8-Sözleşme Süresi İçindeki Görevler ......................................................................... 89
I.Rizikoyu Ağırlaştırmama Görevi ................................................................. 90
A.Sigortacının İhlali Riziko Gerçekleşmeden Önce Öğrenmesi ............... 93 B.Sigortacının İhlali Riziko Gerçekleştikten Sonra Öğrenmesi ................ 93 II.Çifte Sigortayı Bildirme Görevi ................................................................. 96
III.Mülkiyet Değişikliğini İhbar Görevi ......................................................... 98
IV.Sigortalı Emtiadaki Yer Değişikliğini Bildirme Görevi ......................... 100
9-Rizikonun Gerçekleşmesinden Sonraki Görevler ................................................. 102
I.Rizikonun Gerçekleştiğini Bildirme Görevi .............................................. 102
II.Bilgi Verme ve Araştırma Yapılmasına İzin Verme Yükümlülüğü ......... 105
III.Zararı Önleme, Azaltma ve Sigortacının Rücu Haklarını Koruma Yükümlülüğü ................................................................................................ 107 SONUÇ .................................................................................................................... 110 KAYNAKÇA ........................................................................................................... 113
EK: MAKİNA KIRILMASI SİGORTASI GENEL ŞARTLARI ............................ 12
Pathologizing the unknown : a cross-cultural study of the hair-pulling disorder
No full textTezin basılısı İstanbul Şehir Üniversitesi Kütüphanesi'ndedir.This thesis aims to analyze the pathological discourses of “hair-pulling”
disorder, known in psychiatry as trichotillomania, in two different contexts: Turkey
and the United States, through the perspective of science and technology studies
(STS). By conducting semi-structured interviews with psychiatrists, psychologists,
patients and their families, participant observation at the annual conference of the
Trichotillomania Learning Center, the biggest patient organization for
trichotillomania around the world, and virtual ethnography in online support groups
at both contexts, the co-production of trichotillomania as a psychological disorder is
examined. My findings demonstrate that although experts in the U.S. are well-
informed on trichotillomania and hair-pullers improve their knowledge through
Trichotillomania Learning Center, patients are being treated with the same manner
of categorizations, regardless of the context, and are subject to tr(ial-and-
error)eatments rather than treatments. As a contested psychological disorder,
trichotillomania is persistently analyzed by scientists at the molecular level, which
still has not led to a possible treatment. Rather than constructing lay expertise by
getting involved in the evidence-based activism like the famous patient organization
ACT UP for HIV, Trichotillomania Learning Center focuses on popularizing
trichotillomania and generating hope among the patients for the success of future
research. Through multi-sited ethnography and cross-cultural analysis of
trichotillomania, this thesis provides insight into the co-production of psychological
disorders by both the social and material world, and puts forward a vivid example of
the molecularization of psychological disorders at the crossroads of psychiatry,
genetics and neuroscience at the present time.Abstract .................................................................................................................................... iv
Öz .............................................................................................................................................. v
Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................ viii
List of Figures ............................................................................................................................ x
List of Abbreviations ................................................................................................................ xi
Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 1
1. Historical Background of Trichotillomania: The Hair-Pulling Disorder .......................... 2
2. Social Science Literature on Pathologizing Diseases ..................................................... 7
3. Methodology ............................................................................................................... 13
CHAPTERS
1. The Medicalization, Pharmaceuticalization and Molecularization of Trichotillomania 17
1.1. Psychiatry: Treating Disorders or Threatening People ................................ 17
1.2. Theorizing Medicalization ............................................................................ 20
1.3. Moving from Medicalization to Pharmaceuticalization ............................... 21
1.4. From Pharmaceuticalization to Molecularization ........................................ 24
1.5. Diagnosing Trichotillomania: A Specified Obscurity .................................... 27
1.6. Researching Trichotillomania: Neurochemical or Genetic? ......................... 31
1.7. Comparing Two Contexts: Tr(ial-and-error)eatments ................................. 36
1.8. Discussion ..................................................................................................... 40
2. Lay Expertise and Patient Support Among Hair-Pullers ................................................ 46
2.1. Social Support or Lay Expertise? Patient Groups of Trichotillomania .......... 46
2.2. Patient Organizations and Lay Expertise in Social Science Literature .......... 48
2.3. Lay Expertise in ACT UP ................................................................................ 51
2.4. Analyzing Trichotillomania Patients: Evidence-Based Activism or Evidence- Based Trial-and-Error? ................................................................................. 54
2.5. Discussion ..................................................................................................... 63
CONCLUSION .......................................................................................................................... 72
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................... 7
A novel life cycle-based principal component analysis framework for eco-efficiency analysis:case of the United States manufacturing and transportation nexus
No full textIn this study, the relationship between the U.S. manufacturing and transportation industries was studied from economic and environmental life cycle sustainability perspective. The main objectives were 1) to quantify the life cycle impacts of national freight transportation activities that were triggered by the U.S. manufacturing industries and supply chains, a.k.a. manufacturing transportation nexus, and 2) assess the transportation-focused sustainability performance of manufacturing sectors based on eco-efficiency. Three environmental impact categories were focused, namely: greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, energy use, and water withdrawals along with the economic outputs. To achieve the goals, a novel integrated methodology that consists of Economic Input-Output Life-Cycle Assessment (EIO-LCA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was utilized. The scope of the study consists of 276 U.S manufacturing sectors' economic and environmental impacts associated with four transportation modes including air, rail, truck, and water transportation. Based on EIO-LCA results, food manufacturing sector was found to be responsible for the highest environmental impacts and economic output with a share of over 20% for GHG emissions, energy use, and water withdrawals and about 12% for economic output. Motor vehicle manufacturing and motor vehicle body, trailer and parts manufacturing were found to have the second and third largest share of environmental impacts and economic output, respectively. From the result of the eco-efficiency analysis, ordinance and accessory manufacturing (0.719) was found to have the highest and iron and steel mills manufacturing and agricultural chemical manufacturing (0.130) were found to have the least eco-efficiency scores. It was also critical to address that a significant negative correlation was observed between the eco-efficiency and the ton-km transportation trends