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Extended reduced-rank joint estimation of direction of arrival with mutual coupling for coherent signals
Get PDFThis paper proposes an extended method for direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation with unknown mutual coupling for coherent signals. The proposed method employs the forward/backward spatial smoothing to decorrelate the coherent signals in the process of rank reduction with the joint iterative subspace optimization approach. Then, the autocalibration of mutual coupling is performed based on the Capon's minimum variance criterion. Performance of the proposed method is compared with the state of the art algorithms in terms of DOA root-mean-square error and in terms of probability of successful estimation, where successful estimation is the case when the average of absolute DOA estimation error is within 2.5°. It is shown that the proposed method has a similar performance as the state of the art autocalibration methods while offering a lower computational complexity
Sensor based cyber attack detections in critical infrastructures using deep learning algorithms
Get PDFThe technology that has evolved with innovations in the digital world has also caused an increase in many security problems. Day by day, the methods and forms of cyberattacks are becoming more complicated; therefore, their detection has become more difficult. In this work, we have used datasets that have been prepared in collaboration with the Raymond Borges and Oak Ridge National Laboratories. These datasets include measurements of the Industrial Control Systems related to chewing attack behavior. These measurements include synchronized measurements and data records from Snort and relays with a simulated control panel. In this study, we developed two models using these datasets. The first is a model we call the DNN model, which was build using the latest deep learning algorithms. The second model was created by adding the AutoEncoder structure to the DNN model. All of the variables used when developing our models were set parametrically. A number of variables such as the activation method, the number of hidden layers in the model, the number of nodes in the layers, and the number of iterations were analyzed to create the optimum model design. When we run our model with optimum settings, we obtained better results than those found in related studies. The learning speed of the model has a 100% accuracy rate, which is also entirely satisfactory. While the training period of the dataset containing about 4 thousand different operations lasts for about 90 seconds, the developed model completes the learning process at a level of milliseconds to detect new attacks. This increases the applicability of the model in the real-world environment
Information system capabilities and firm performance:opening the black box through decision-making performance and business-process performance
No full textIn this paper, we aim to develop optimal production plans in industrial townships modeled as hub location–allocation problems (HLAP) taking congestion into account. In the proposed model, hub nodes are considered as industrial townships where manufacturing plants and a central distribution warehouse are located, and two objectives are targeted. The first is to minimize the total costs, which includes the cost of hub deployment, factories and warehouses, transportation, and so forth. The second is to minimize the total elapsed time of products in manufacturing plants and warehouses modeled as queues. Due to the ambiguity in estimating the model's parameters, they are considered as fuzzy parameters to make model closer to reality. The fuzzy model is then converted into an equivalent crisp model by combining the expected value (EV) and the fuzzy chance constrained programming (FCCP) approaches. Subsequently, the bi-objective crisp model is converted into a single aggregated objective model. In order to validate the proposed model, six numerical examples are solved, and the sensitivity of the proposed model with regard to changes in model's parameters is investigated. © 2019 Elsevier Lt
Mental health care utilization and access to health services among Syrian refugees in Turkey
No full textIs Pakistan a failed state? An assessment of Islamist ideals, nationalist articulation and ground realities
No full textIn drafting its Middle East policy, the Trump administration appears to depart from the soft power rhetoric of the Obama years, seemingly favoring a more hawkish, hard power approach to dealing with America’s most important interests in the region: the defeat of ISIS and the containment of Iran. While many regional partners hope for a radical U.S. foreign policy shift after years of perceived American disengagement, Trump seems to be constrained by path dependency. He inherits a region in turmoil, a public adverse to regional military engagements for peripheral interests, and a major strategic discrepancy between ambition and capability. Consequently, the new White House will be forced to continue Obama’s policy of delegation and multilateralis
A comparison of pre-dropout and temporary rupture sessions in psychotherapy
No full textAlthough numerous studies have investigated the relationship between the therapeutic alliance and dropout, most have focused on the relationship between alliance quality and psychotherapy outcomes. Objective: To compare sessions with therapeutic alliance ruptures and two sessions prior to treatment dropout (pre-dropout) in terms of rupture subtypes, psychotherapists’ behavior, attitudes, and session content. Method: We implemented quantitative methods to select the sessions and qualitative methods to analyze them. We analyzed 16 temporary rupture sessions from 12 therapist–patient dyads and 16 pre-dropout sessions from 8 different therapist–patient dyads. The sessions originate from clinical psychology Master’s or Doctoral students under supervision in either cognitive behavioral or schema therapy. Pre-dropout sessions were considered unrepaired rupture sessions while rupture sessions were subsequently repaired. Results: Results revealed apparent differences and similarities between the session types in positive and negative psychotherapist behaviors, content intensity, and the type and frequency of ruptures. We explored three new rupture subtypes: attributing positive developments to other sources, indirect speech, and sarcastic hostility. Conclusions: A striking implication is that the frequency of positive and negative psychotherapist behaviors, ruptures, and session content is more likely to decrease in the predropout sessions than in the temporary rupture sessions
How to develop serious games for social and cognitive competence of children with learning difficulties
Get PDFIn this paper some experiences are described, from requirements gathering to design and implementation, in the European project 'Intelligent Serious Games for Social and Cognitive Competence'. The main goal of the project is to develop serious games for social and cognitive competence of children with learning difficulties. The aim of these games is to teach youth with mild disabilities about social skills, basic skills, key cognitive competence skills and work skills. Using these interactive mobile games and 3D simulations helps the social integration and personal development of these children and youth. The project uses serious games and 3D simulations so that teaching and learning becomes interesting, playful, attractive and efficient
Religion and the marketplace : constructing the "new' Muslim consumer
No full textDespite the prediction that modernization would lead to secularization, the past 30 years brought a global resurgence of religion. As many scholars note, religion has gained a new visibility in the contemporary political economy and become firmly embedded within the identity politics. The changing role of religion is linked to the growing influence of neoliberalism and the expansion of the market logic. In this study, I look at the intersections between Islam, consumption, and market and trace the shifts in the conceptualizations of Muslims in relation to the changing market dynamics and the broader socio-political and economic structures. I discuss three phases through which the view of Muslims as modern consumers in search of distinction and propriety comes to dominate the view of Muslims as non- or anti-consumers: exclusion, identification, and stylization. I conclude by discussing the implications of the study for the current understandings of the marketization of religion
Turkish literature
No full textThis book offers an in-depth overview of Turkish history and politics essential for understanding contemporary Turkey. Based on interviews with leading intellectuals and academics from Turkey, the book's theme follows the dramatic transformations that have occurred from the 1980 military coup to the coup attempt of 2016 and its aftermath
Anonim şirketlerde pay ve payın devri
Get PDFBir özel hukuk prensibi olan ticaret hukuku alanında, ticaret şirketleri içerisinde
sahip oldukları sermayeleri göz önünde bulundurulduğu zaman sürekli olarak
gelişen ekonomi dünyasının en büyük aktörlerinden birisi hiç şüphesiz ki anonim
şirketlerdir.
Bu sebeple halka açık veya halka kapalı olması fark etmeksizin anonim ortaklıklarda,
pay sahibi olmak ve bu payların çoğunluğunu elinde bulundurmak suretiyle anonim
ortaklıkta söz sahibi konumuna gelmek, bir başka deyişle anonim ortaklığın icrai
mercii olan yönetim kurulunda hakimiyet sağlamak suretiyle kontrolü ele geçirmek
büyük önemi haizdir.
Bu doğrultuda anonim ortaklığın sermayesinin, birimlere ayrılmış şeklini ifade eden
pay ile sahip olunan bu payın devri işlemi çalışmamızın iki temel kavramını
oluşturmaktadır.
Bu kapsamda, öncelikle pay kavramı ihtiva ettiği tüm anlamları ve nitelikleriyle
birlikte irdelenecek olup akabinde paya hakim olan ilkeler ile payın devri başlığı
altında ayrı ayrı, senede bağlanmamış (çıplak) payın devri, hamiline yazılı pay
senetlerinin devri, nama yazılı pay senetlerinin devri, pay defteri ve son olarak da
bağlı nama yazılı pay senetlerinin devri üzerinde durulacaktır.Öz ........................................................................................................................ iv
Abstract ................................................................................................................ v
Teşekkür .............................................................................................................. vi
İçindekiler ........................................................................................................... vii
Kısaltmalar Listesi ........................................................................................................ xii
BÖLÜMLER
1.GİRİŞ ................................................................................................................. 1
2.ANONİM ŞİRKETLERDE PAY ................................................................................ 2
2.1. Genel Olarak .............................................................................................. 2
2.2. Pay ve Pay Kavramına Yüklenen Anlamlar .................................................... 3
2.2.1. Esas Sermayenin Bir Parçası Olarak Pay ..................................................... 3
2.2.2. Pay Sahipliği Konumu Açısından Pay .......................................................... 5
2.2.3. Hakların ve Borçların Kaynağı Olarak Pay ................................................... 9
2.2.4. Pay Senedi ile Eş Anlamlı Pay .................................................................... 11
2.2.5. Kıymetli Evrak Niteliği ile Pay .................................................................... 15
2.3. Payın Çeşitli Şekillerde Sınıflandırılması ..................................................... 15
2.3.1. Nakit- Ayın Karşılığı Pay ............................................................................ 15
2.3.1.1. Nakit Karşılığı Pay ..................................................................... 15
2.3.1.2. Ayın Karşılığı Pay ...................................................................... 16
2.3.2. Oy Hakkı Olan Pay - Oydan Yoksun Pay .................................................... 18
2.3.2.1. Oy Hakkı Olan Pay .................................................................... 18
2.3.2.2. Oydan Yoksun Pay ................................................................... 20
2.3.3. Adi Pay - İmtiyazlı Pay ............................................................................... 21
2.3.3.1. Adi Pay ..................................................................................... 21
2.3.3.2. İmtiyazlı Pay ............................................................................. 21
2.3.3.2.1. Kar Payında İmtiyaz ........................................................ 25
2.3.3.2.2. Tasfiye Payında İmtiyaz .................................................. 26
2.3.3.2.3. Rüçhan Hakkında İmtiyaz ............................................... 26
2.3.3.2.4. Oy Hakkında İmtiyaz ...................................................... 26
2.3.4. İtibari Değerli Pay - İtibari Değerden Yoksun Pay ..................................... 28
2.3.4.1. İtibari Değerli Pay .................................................................... 28
2.3.4.2. İtibari Değerden Yoksun Pay .................................................... 28
2.3.5. Primli Pay - Primsiz Pay ............................................................................. 30
2.3.5.1. Primsiz Pay ............................................................................... 30
2.3.5.2. Primli Pay ................................................................................. 30
2.3.6. Bedelli Pay - Bedelsiz Pay .......................................................................... 31
2.3.6.1. Bedelli Pay................................................................................ 31
2.3.6.2. Bedelsiz Pay ............................................................................. 32
2.3.7. Nitelikli Pay - Niteliksiz Pay ....................................................................... 32
2.3.7.1. Nitelikli Pay .............................................................................. 32
2.3.7.2. Niteliksiz Pay ............................................................................ 34
2.4. Anonim Şirketlerde Pay Çeşitleri ............................................................... 34
2.4.1. Çıplak Paylar .............................................................................................. 34
2.4.2. Hisse Senedine Bağlı Paylar ...................................................................... 35
2.4.2.1. Hamiline Yazılı Hisse Senedine Bağlı Paylar ............................. 35
2.4.2.2. Nama Yazılı Hisse Senedine Bağlı Paylar.................................. 36
2.4.3. Kayden İzlenen Paylar ............................................................................... 37
3.PAYA HAKİM OLAN İLKELER .............................................................................. 41
3.1. Payın Oluşumu ve Payın Bölünmezliği İlkesi ................................................ 41
3.1.1. Payın Oluşumu........................................................................................ 41
3.1.2. Payın Bölünmezliği .................................................................................... 42
3.2. Payın Devredilebilirliği İlkesi ve Sınırları ..................................................... 43
3.2.1. Payın Devredilebilirliği İlkesi ..................................................................... 43
3.2.2. Payın Devredilebilirliği İlkesinin Sınırları ................................................... 46
3.2.2.1. İradi Sınırlamalar ...................................................................... 46
3.2.2.1.1. Esas Sözleşmede Yer Alanlar .......................................... 46
3.2.2.1.1.1. Bağlam Hükümleri ............................................... 46
3.2.2.1.1.2. Birlikte Al - Birlikte Sat Sözleşmeleri .................... 53
3.2.2.1.1.2.1. Pay Satın Alma Zorunluluğu Doğuran Sözleşmeler ...... 54
3.2.2.1.1.2.2. Pay Satma Zorunluluğu Doğuran Sözleşmeler ............. 54
3.2.2.1.2. Hissedarlar Sözleşmesi ................................................... 54
3.2.2.2. Kanuni Sınırlamalar .................................................................. 55
3.2.2.2.1. Payın Devredilmesine İlişkin Engelleme veya
Kısıtlama Getiren Düzenlemeler ............................................... 55
3.2.2.2.1.1. Anonim Ortaklığın Kendi Payını Devralması
veya Taahhüt Etmesi ............................................................... 55
3.2.2.2.1.2. Kuruluşun veya Sermaye Artırımının
Tescilinden Önce Yapılan Devirler .......................................... 59
3.2.2.2.1.3. Karşılığı Tamamen İtfa Edilmemiş Olan Payın
Devri ........................................................................................ 61
3.2.2.2.2. Pay Devralma Yükümlülüğü Doğuran Düzenlemeler ..... 65
3.2.2.2.2.1. Zorunlu Çağrı Yoluyla Ortaklık Paylarının
Toplanması .............................................................................. 66
3.2.2.2.2.2. Hakim Teşebbüsün Hakimiyetini Hukuka
Aykırı Kullanması Halinde Doğabilecek Bağlı Ortaklık Pay
Sahiplerinin Paylarını Devralma Yükümlülüğü ........................ 67
3.2.2.2.3. Pay Devretme Yükümlülüğü Doğuran
Düzenlemeler ............................................................................ 69
3.2.2.2.3.1. Tam Hakimiyet Halinde Azınlığı Ortaklıktan
Çıkarma Hakkı ......................................................................... 69
3.2.2.2.3.2. Birleşme Halinde Pay Sahibinin Ortaklıktan
Ayrılma Hakkı veya Çıkarılması ............................................... 70
3.2.2.2.3.3. Haklı Sebeple Fesih Taleplerinde Fesih Yerine
Ortaklıktan Çıkarılma .............................................................. 71
3.2.2.2.4. Payın Devrinin Resmi İzne Bağlanması .......................... 71
3.2.2.2.4.1. Sermaye Piyasası Kurulu'nun İznine Tabi
Olan Haller .............................................................................. 71
3.2.2.2.4.2. Bankacılık Düzenleme ve Denetleme
Kurulu'nun İznine Tabi Olan Haller ......................................... 72
3.2.2.2.4.3. Rekabet Kurulu'nun İznine Tabi Olan Haller ........ 73
3.2.2.2.4.4. Enerji Piyasası Düzenleme Kurulu'nun
Onayına Tabi Olan Haller ........................................................ 74
3.2.2.2.4.5. Bilgi Teknolojileri ve İletişim Kurulu’nun
Görüşünün Alınması Gereken Haller ...................................... 74
3.2.2.2.4.6. Tasarruf Mevduatı Sigorta Fonunu’nun Özel
Yetkisi ...................................................................................... 75
3.2.2.2.4.7. Hazine Müsteşarlığı'nın İznine Tabi Olan
Haller ....................................................................................... 75
3.2.2.2.4.8. Şirketler Topluluğu Kapsamında Bildirim
Yükümlülüğü ........................................................................... 76
4.PAYIN DEVRİ .................................................................................................... 78
4.1. Senede Bağlanmamış Çıplak Payın Devri .................................................... 79
4.2. Hisse Senedine Bağlı Payın Devri ............................................................... 81
4.2.1. Hamiline Yazılı Pay Senetlerinin Devri ...................................................... 81
4.2.1.1. Kayden İzlenmeyen Paylarda Devir ......................................... 82
4.2.1.1.1. Senet Zilyetliğinin Devri ................................................. 82
4.2.1.1.2. Mülkiyeti Geçirme İradesi .............................................. 84
4.2.1.1.3. Devredenin Mülkiyeti Devretmeye Yetkili Olması ......... 84
4.2.1.2. Kayden İzlenen Paylarda Devir ................................................ 84
4.2.2. Nama Yazılı Pay Senetlerinin Devri ........................................................... 85
4.2.2.1. Kayden İzlenmeyen Paylarda Devir ......................................... 85
4.2.2.1.1. Ciro ve Zilyetliğin Devri .................................................. 85
4.2.2.1.1.1. Senedin Ciro Edilmesi .......................................... 86
4.2.2.1.1.2. Zilyetliğin Devri .................................................... 87
4.2.2.1.1.3. Senedi Devralana Karşı İleri Sürülebilecek
Defiler ..................................................................................... 87
4.2.2.2. Kayden İzlenen Paylarda Devir ................................................ 88
4.2.2.3. Kayden İzlenmeyen ve Kayden İzlenen Nama Yazılı Pay
Senetlerinin Alacağın Temliki Yolu ile Devri ..................................... 88
4.2.2.4. Pay Defterine Kayıt Edilmesi .................................................... 89
4.2.2.4.1. Kural ............................................................................... 91
4.2.2.4.2. Kaydın Hukuki Niteliği .................................................... 91
4.2.2.4.3. Red Halinde Başvurulacak Yol ........................................ 93
4.2.2.4.4. Kanuna veya Esas Sözleşmeye Aykırı Kayıt Halinde
Başvurulabilecek Hukuk Yolu .................................................... 93
4.2.2.4.5. Kaydın Silinmesi ............................................................. 94
4.2.3. Bağlı Nama Yazılı Pay Senetlerinin Devri .................................................. 95
4.2.3.1. Bağlı Nama Yazılı Pay Senetlerinin Devrinin Hüküm ve Koşulları
97
4.2.3.1.1. Borsaya Kote Edilmemiş Bağlı Nama Yazılı Senetler ...... 98
4.2.3.1.1.1. Önemli Sebepler .................................................. 99
4.2.3.1.1.2. Şirketin Sahip Olduğu İmkanlar ......................... 101
4.2.3.1.1.3. Kanuni Devir Halleri ........................................... 107
4.2.3.1.1.3.1. Miras ve Mirasın Paylaşımı ........................................ 108
4.2.3.1.1.3.2. Eşler Arasındaki Mal Rejimi Hükümleri ...................... 108
4.2.3.1.1.3.3. Cebri İcra Yoluyla İktisap ........................................... 108
4.2.3.1.2. Borsaya Kote Edilmiş Bağlı Nama Yazılı Senetler ......... 109
4.2.3.1.2.1. Yüzdesel Sınırlama ............................................. 109
4.2.3.1.2.2. Merkezi Kayıt Kuruluşu’nun Rolü ...................... 111
4.2.3.1.2.3. Kanuni Devir Halleri ........................................... 115
4.2.3.2. Bağlı Nama Yazılı Payların Devrinde Pay Sahipliğinden Doğan
Hakların Geçişi ................................................................................ 116
4.2.3.2.1. Kanuni Düzenlemenin Devir Sözleşmesine Etkisi ........ 116
4.2.3.2.2. Mahkeme Kararı ile Devir ............................................ 121
4.2.3.3. Bağlamın Etkisini Kaybetmesi ................................................ 122
4.2.3.3.1. Esas Sözleşme Değişikliği ile Bağlam Hükümlerinin
Kaldırılması .............................................................................. 122
4.2.3.3.2. Şirketin Konusunun Değiştirilmesi ............................... 123
4.2.3.3.3. İmtiyazlı Pay İhdası ....................................................... 123
4.2.3.3.4. Şirketin Tasfiyesi .......................................................... 123
4.2.3.3.5. Rüçhan Hakkının Kullanılması ...................................... 124
4.2.3.3.6. Şartlı Sermayede Değiştirme ve Alım Haklarının
Kullanılması ............................................................................. 125
5.SONUÇ ........................................................................................................... 127
KAYNAKÇA ........................................................................................................ 13