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Fahreddin Altay (1880-1974) : militarizmin gölgesinde
No full textFahreddin Altay is one of the representatives of the Ottoman generation born in the
1880s. He grew up in an environment in which wars were becoming more destructive,
complicated and organized. He became part of the high ranking military elite, and
then became a staff officer and commander in wars that lasted almost ten years.
Then, as one of the high ranking representatives of the army; he carried out different
duties and became a deputy in the republican period. The main aim of this thesis is
to merge a multidimensional phenomenon, reflecting each field of life differently,
militarization of society with a genre of historiography that is biography, including
various fields of life, thus putting an alternative interpretation on the period,
transition from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic of Turkey. While the different
reflections of the phenomenon, militarization of society made his life a typical
example of it, at the same time, in such an ordinary life, his perception of the
environment, his reactions to events and the level of his influence on them made his
world virtually unique. This thesis, the only biography in this field to be based on a
concept, different from the various books written by focusing on it, rather than the
events, is a contribution to the new historiography bringing back the agent by
measuring the influence of it on a person in various fields and specific events.
Combining human perception with unique human experience, his life provides very
different from the others so often narrated a portrait of a military officer in the
period.Abstract ....................................................................................................................... iv
Öz ................................................................................................................................. v
Acknowledgments ....................................................................................................... vi
Table of Contents ........................................................................................................vii
List of Figures ...............................................................................................................xi
List of Tables ................................................................................................................ xii
List of Maps ................................................................................................................ xiii
CHAPTERS
1. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1
1.1. Militarization of Society, Military Officers and Fahreddin Altay ....................... 1
1.2. A Short Summary of Fahreddin Altay’s Life ..................................................... 12
1.3. Literature Review ............................................................................................ 15
1.4. Historiography ................................................................................................. 18
1.5. Contributions ................................................................................................... 20
1.6. Outline of the Thesis ....................................................................................... 22
1.7. Sources ............................................................................................................ 23
1.7.1. Fahreddin Altay’s Studies .......................................................................... 24
2. Educating an Ottoman Guardian (1880-1902) ....................................................... 34
2.1. In Shkodër ....................................................................................................... 34
2.2. In Mardin ........................................................................................................ 36
2.3. In Erzincan ....................................................................................................... 36
2.4. In Erzurum ...................................................................................................... 39
2.5. In Istanbul ....................................................................................................... 41
2.5.1. At the Imperial Military Academy ............................................................. 41
2.5.2. At the Imperial Military Staff College ....................................................... 46
3. Being an Ottoman Warrior (1902-1923) ................................................................ 50
3.1. In the First Years of His Profession ................................................................. 50
3.2. In the Balkan Wars .......................................................................................... 56
3.3. In the First World War .................................................................................... 59
3.3.1. In the Gallipoli Campaign .......................................................................... 63
3.3.2. At the Romanian Front ............................................................................. 72
3.3.3. In the Sinai and Palestine Campaign ......................................................... 74
3.4. In the National Struggle .................................................................................. 79
3.4.1. Time to Make a Decision ........................................................................... 79
3.4.2. Establishing the Military Authority ........................................................... 85
3.4.3. Being the Cavalry Group Commander ...................................................... 87
4. Being a Republican Representative (1923-1974) ................................................... 95
4.1. Fifth Army Corps Commander ........................................................................ 95
4.2. Second Army Inspector ................................................................................... 99
4.3. First Army Commander ................................................................................ 107
4.4. Burdur Deputy .............................................................................................. 119
4.5. Retirement Years .......................................................................................... 121
5. Conclusion ............................................................................................................ 123
Bibliography ............................................................................................................. 129
Appendices ............................................................................................................... 141
A. Ottoman Military Ranking System .................................................................. 141
B. Fahreddin’s Fourth-Year Transcript in Erzincan Military Junior School .......... 142
C. Fahreddin’s First, Second and Third Year Transcripts in Erzurum Military High
School .................................................................................................................. 144
D. Fahreddin’s First, Second and Third Year Transcripts at the Imperial Academy
............................................................................................................................. 150
E. The Lectures and Their Hours in a Week in the Imperial Military Staff College
............................................................................................................................. 156
F. In the rear, Enver (left) and Fahreddin (right). At the front, Kazım (left), Fethi
(middle), Vasıf (right) at the Imperial Military Staff College .............................. 158
G. Staff Officer of the Central Headquarters Major Fahreddin’s Personal Record in
the First Balkan War ............................................................................................ 159
H. Tribal Cavalry Brigades Commander Major Fahreddin’s Personal Record in the
Second Balkan War .............................................................................................. 160
I. Third Army Corps Commander Brigadier General Es’ad Pasha and His Chief of
Staff Lieutenant Colonel Fahreddin in August ..................................................... 161
J. Lieutenant Colonel Fahreddin’s Appointment as the Assistant Undersecretary
of the War Minister on 16 September 1915 ....................................................... 162
K. Assistant Undersecretary of the War Minister Lieutenant Colonel Fahreddin’s
Writing about Sergeant Jean Pericl’s Death in October 1915 ............................. 164
L. Twelfth Army Corps Commander Colonel Fahreddin and His Staff Officers in
the Headquarters in Konya .................................................................................. 165
M. Colonel Fahreddin’s Writing to the Ottoman War Ministry about Demirci
Mehmed Efe on 3 February 1920 ........................................................................ 166
N. Mersin Deputy of the National Assembly Colonel Fahreddin ........................ 167
O. Cavalry Group Commander Colonel Fahreddin and His Staff Officers on the
Sakarya Battlefield ............................................................................................... 168
P. Immediately after the Secret Meeting over Commander in Chief Field Marshal
Mustafa Kemal Pasha’s Explanation about the Offense to the Army Group
Commanders on 6 August 1922 in the Western Headquarters in Akşehir.
(Fahreddin Pasha is on the far right) ................................................................... 169
Q. Fifth Army Corps Commander İzmir Deputy Lieutenant General Fahreddin
Pasha’s Record of Election................................................................................... 170
R. Second Army Inspector Lieutenant General Fahreddin Pasha Is Getting Out the
Grand National Assembly in September 1925 .................................................... 172
S. Document on Political Passport Given to Second Army Inspector General
Fahreddin Pasha, Who Will Go to Europe together with His Wife on 9 November
1927 ..................................................................................................................... 173
T. Diplomatic Passports Given to First Army Commander General Fahreddin
Pasha and His Entourage Appointed to Solve the Border Problem between
Afghanistan and Iran on 24 September 1934...................................................... 174
U. First Army Commander General Fahreddin Altay Is Inspecting the High School
Military Students on 28 April 1935 ...................................................................... 175
V. A Political Passport Given First Army Commander General Fahreddin Altay,
Sent Him Europe for Treatment on 21 April 1938 .............................................. 176
W. First Army Commander General Fahreddin Altay’s Retirement on 11 July 1945
............................................................................................................................. 177
X. Burdur Deputy Fahreddin Altay’s Record of Election ...................................... 178
Y. Fahreddin Altay’s Last Photograph .................................................................. 179
Z. Fahreddin Altay’s Funereal .............................................................................. 18
Türk dış politikasında İslam ve sekülerizm (1919-1938)
No full textThis study examines the impact of Islam and secularism on Mustafa Kemal’s foreign
policy and relations with the Muslim world, focusing specifically on Middle Eastern
countries during 1919-1938. By using Hurd’s constructivist approach to international
relations, I argue that secular ideology in internal politics was a significant parameter
in Turkish foreign policy making during this twenty-year period. Also, I examine
Turkish Foreign Policy (TFP) with Ardıç’s concepts of accommodation and
control/domination at the discursive and policy levels, by dividing the Mustafa Kemal
era into three periods: Islamization (1919-1924), with particular emphasis on the
Caliphate’s role in TFP; secularization (1924-29), in parallel with the rising secularism
in domestic politics; and securitization (1929-38), with the changing dynamics of TFP
based on security concerns. I demonstrate that secularism did not entirely determine
Mustafa Kemal’s foreign policy continuously from 1919 to 1938, and that secular
politics usually accommodated Islam in its application and rhetoric rather than always
excluding and conflicting with religion. While Mustafa Kemal pursued a foreign policy
in which Islam was used effectively as a discourse between 1919 and 1924 in order
to ensure domestic and international political legitimacy, secular changes in TFP
during the period of 1924-29 were the product of secular ideological transformations
in domestic politics. Finally, due to the security priorities in the regional and global
politics, Turkey could not continue to transmit its strict internal ideological
transformation in its foreign policy between 1929-1938 – hence securitization. While
investigating transformations of TFP through the religious and secular discourses of
Mustafa Kemal as the primary decision maker of the new state, I point out the
contradictions in both discourses and practices from the 1920s to 1930s.Abstract ........................................................................................................................ iv
Öz ................................................................................................................................. vi
Acknowledgements .................................................................................................... viii
Table of Contents ......................................................................................................... ix
CHAPTERS
1. Introduction: Religion, Politics and Foreign Policy in Turkey ................................... 1
1.1. Research Questions ................................................................................... 3
1.2. Literature Review ...................................................................................... 5
1.2.1. Religion and International Relations .................................................. 5
1.2.2. Turkish Foreign Policy ............................................................................ 10
1.2.2.1. The Chronological Approach ........................................................... 10
1.2.2.2. The Ideological Approach ............................................................... 13
1.2.2.3. The Analytical Approach ................................................................. 15
1.3. Theoretical Framework ........................................................................... 20
1.4. Method .................................................................................................... 23
1.5. Organization of the Thesis .............................................................................. 27
2. Islam and Foreign Policy in the Ottoman-Turkish Modernization ......................... 29
2.1. From Tanzimat to Republic ............................................................................ 29
2.2. The Republican Era ......................................................................................... 38
3. The Caliphate and Islamization of Turkish Foreign Policy (1919-24) ..................... 42
3.1. Religious Character of the National Struggle ................................................. 42
3.2. Justification and Consolidation of the National Struggle with Reference to the
Caliphate ................................................................................................................ 47
3.3. Relations with the Muslim World................................................................... 49
3.4. Abolition of the Sultanate and the Caliphate Question ................................. 54
4. Secularization of Turkish Foreign Policy in the Post-Caliphate Era (1924-1929) ... 59
4.1. Abolition of Caliphate and Reactions from the Muslim World .................... 60
4.1.1. Reactions from Muslim World ................................................................ 63
4.1.1.1. Indian Muslims ................................................................................ 63
4.1.1.1. North Africa ..................................................................................... 64
4.2. The Caliphate Conferences and Turkish Foreign Policy ................................. 65
4.2.1. The 1924 Mecca Congress ...................................................................... 66
4.2.2. The 1926 Cairo Congress ........................................................................ 66
4.2.3. The 1926 Mecca Congress ...................................................................... 67
4.2.4. The 1931 Jerusalem Congress ................................................................ 68
4.3. Post-Caliphate Relations with the Muslim World .......................................... 70
4.3.1. Relations with Muslim Countries............................................................ 73
4.3.1.1. Iran ............................................................................................. 73
4.3.1.2. Saudi Arabia ............................................................................... 75
4.3.1.3. Afghanistan ................................................................................ 76
4.3.2. Relations with Muslim Communities ...................................................... 77
5. Securitization of Turkish Foreign Policy and Kemalist Establishment (1929-38) ... 81
5.1. Turkey’s Collective Security and Multilateral Relations ................................. 82
5.1.1. The Briand-Kellogg Pact .......................................................................... 83
5.1.2. The Balkan Pact ....................................................................................... 84
5.1.3. The League of Nations ............................................................................ 85
5.1.4. The Sadabad Pact.................................................................................... 86
5.2. Bilateral Relations: End of Secular Foreign Policy? ........................................ 88
5.2.1. The Balkans ............................................................................................. 89
5.2.2. Iran .......................................................................................................... 90
5.2.3. Afghanistan ............................................................................................. 91
5.2.4. Saudi Arabia ............................................................................................ 91
5.2.5. Iraq .......................................................................................................... 93
5.2.6. Transjordan ............................................................................................. 94
5.3. Secularism and Relations with Muslim Communities under Colonial Power 94
6. Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 99
Bibliography ............................................................................................................. 10
Audit duty of administration on civil air operators
No full textCivil air transportation, which is one of the fastest carriage system in the globalizing
world, can be considered as one of the most frequently used cargo and passenger
transport activities. Safety of flights with complex aircrafts is vital, especially when it
comes to passenger carriage. In order to ensure safety in this field which consists
risks, air operators must act in accordance with national and international
legislations. It is known that the concept of security is closely related to the concept
of public order in terms of Turkish administrative law. For this reason, it can be easily
said that the audit activities carried out by the administration on the air operators
are aimed at achieving the purpose of public safety. In brief, this thesis will cover duty
of audit on air transport operators carried out by the administration.Öz.… ............................................................................................................................. iv
Abstract ........................................................................................................................ v
İthaf………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..vi
Teşekkür ..................................................................................................................... vii
İçindekiler .................................................................................................................. viii
Kısaltmalar Listesi ........................................................................................................ xi
BÖLÜMLER
GİRİŞ ............................................................................................................................. 1
1. İdarenin Faaliyetleri ve İdarenin Denetim Görevi .................................................... 3
1.1. İdarenin Faaliyetleri ............................................................................................. 3
1.1.1. Kamu Hizmeti ................................................................................................ 3
1.1.1.1. Kamu Hizmetinin Kurulması ve Hukuki Sonuçları .................................. 6
1.2.1. Kolluk Faaliyeti ............................................................................................... 9
1.2.1.1. Kolluk Faaliyetleri ve Özelleştirme Uygulamaları ................................ 11
1.2.1.2. Kamu Düzeni ........................................................................................ 14
1.2.1.2.1. Güvenlik……. ................................................................................. 15
1.2.1.2.1.1 Milli Güvenlik ......................................................................... 16
1.2.1.2.2. Sağlık……….. .................................................................................. 18
1.2.1.2.3. Dirlik ve Esenlik ............................................................................ 19
1.2.1.3. Kolluk Tedbirleri ve Kolluk Usulleri ...................................................... 20
1.2.1.3.1. İzin ve Ruhsat ............................................................................... 22
1.2.1.3.1.1. Kamu Hizmeti Ruhsatı ile Kolluk Ruhsatı Arasındaki Ayrım . 24
1.2.1.3.2. Bildirim……… ................................................................................. 27
1.2.1.3.3. Bastırıcı Usuller ............................................................................ 28
1.2.1.4. İdarenin Denetim Görevinin Hukuki Niteliği........................................ 28
2. Sivil Hava Taşımacılığı ve Hava Taşıma İşletmeleri ................................................ 33
2.1. Sivil Havacılık ve Sivil Hava Taşımacılığı ............................................................. 33
2.1.1. Sivil Hava Taşımacılığı Faaliyetlerinin Hukuki Niteliği .................................. 33
2.1.2. Ticari Hava Taşımacılığı ................................................................................ 37
2.1.3. Hava Aracı ve Hukuki Niteliği ....................................................................... 38
2.1.3.1. Sivil Hava Aracı ..................................................................................... 38
2.1.3.2. Devlet Hava Aracı ................................................................................. 40
2.2. Sivil Hava Taşıma İşletmeleri ............................................................................. 41
2.2.1. Ticari Hava Taşıma İşletmeleri………………………………………………………………….42
2.2.1.1. Havayolu İşletmeleri ............................................................................ 42
2.2.1.2. Hava Taksi İşletmeleri .......................................................................... 44
2.2.1.3. Balon İşletmeleri .................................................................................. 45
2.2.1.4. Diğer Ticari İşletmeler .......................................................................... 48
2.2.2. Genel Havacılık İşletmeleri ........................................................................... 48
2.2.2.1. Uçuş Eğitim ve Hava İşi Faaliyetleri ..................................................... 49
2.2.3. Amatör Havacılık Faaliyetleri ....................................................................... 50
2.2.3.1. Amatör Hava Araçları ........................................................................... 51
3. Sivil Hava Taşıma İşletmelerinin Denetimi ............................................................. 52
3.1. Sivil Hava Taşıma İşletmeleri Üzerinde İdarenin Denetimi ............................... 53
3.1.1. Faaliyet Öncesi Denetimler .......................................................................... 53
3.1.1.1. Başvuru ................................................................................................ 53
3.1.1.2. İzin ........................................................................................................ 54
3.1.1.2.1. Zorunlu Belgeler ........................................................................... 55
3.1.1.2.2. Kamu Düzeni ve Milli Güvenlik .................................................... 57
3.1.1.2.3. Belli Suçlardan Mahkum Olmama ............................................... 58
3.1.1.3. Ruhsat .................................................................................................. 64
3.1.1.3.1. Ruhsat Bedeli ............................................................................... 66
3.1.1.4. Sertifikasyon ve Özel Uçuş İzni ............................................................ 68
3.1.2. Faaliyet Sonrası Denetimler ......................................................................... 70
3.1.2.1. Hava Taşıma İşletmesi Üzerindeki Denetimler .................................... 70
3.1.2.2. Hava Aracı Bakım ve Güvenliğine İlişkin Denetimler ........................... 71
3.1.2.2.1. Tasarım ve Üretim Organizasyon Onay Sertifikası ....................... 73
3.1.2.2.2. Bakım Eğitim Kuruluşu Onay Sertifikası ....................................... 74
3.1.2.2.3. Bakım Kuruluşu Onay Sertifikası .................................................. 75
3.1.2.2.4. Hava Aracı Bakım Personeli Lisansı .............................................. 76
3.2. Sivil Havacılıkta Bağımsız Denetim .................................................................... 77
Sonuç .......................................................................................................................... 83
Referanslar ................................................................................................................. 8
The sphere of consensus in a polarized media system: The case of Turkey during the catastrophic coup attempt
Full text linkHow does a highly polarized media system respond to a catastrophic event? The July 2016 coup attempt in Turkey provides fertile ground to examine how a catastrophic event has shaped the editorial policies of news media outlets in a highly polarized media system. This article hypothesizes that, mainly due to the peculiarities of the Turkish media system, even at the time of a catastrophic event, the framing strategies of media outlets converge only to a limited degree on a sphere of consensus. Adopting a content analysis methodology, we analyze the framing strategies of four national newspapers affiliated with specific sociopolitical camps (the pro-government Sabah, the moderate Hürriyet, and the oppositional Sözcü and Cumhuriyet). We reach the counterintuitive conclusion that these news outlets used different framing strategies in the immediate aftermath of the coup attempt and that the gap between them widened over the period of analysis
Soğuk Savaş sonrası Türkiye'nin jeopolitik vizyonunun ve kimliğinin dış politika yoluyla yeniden inşası : İsmail Cem örneği (1997-2002)
No full textThis thesis seeks to reveal how civilizational discourse influences foreign policy
making and undertakes a comprehensive content analysis of the foreign policy
discourse of Ismail Cem, Turkey’s foreign minister from 1997 to 2002, who made
major contributions to the civilizational geopolitical discourse of Turkey as well as the
identity discussions in foreign policy after the end of the Cold War. The thesis
attempts to answer the question of whether it is possible to construct civilizational
geopolitics that can coexist with pluralities (ethnic groups, nations, or civilizations) by
minimizing boundary-producing practices, and, at the same time, by casting an active
and “central” role to Turkey in foreign policy. This analysis is a critical examination
seeking to reveal how and with what consequences Cem used the civilizational
discourse in Turkey in order to justify his foreign policy practices. In accordance with
this purpose, the first phase of this study has examined the historical background of
the emergence of geopolitics and civilizational discussions and their introduction to
Turkey from the perspective of critical geopolitics. In the second phase, the influence
of the changing international conjuncture with the end of the Cold War over Turkey’s
geopolitical value and identity perception have been discussed focusing on Ismail
Cem’s tenure in office. Cem’s redefinition of Turkey’s identity, civilizational belonging
and geopolitical vision have been deeply evaluated emphasizing the impact of
national identity and history over the perception of geopolitical visions.Abstract ....................................................................................................................... iv
Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................... vi
Table of Contents ........................................................................................................vii
List of Abbreviations ....................................................................................................ix
CHAPTERS
1. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1
1.1. Theoretical Background ................................................................................... 4
1.2. Motivation Behind The Study: Why Ismail Cem? ............................................. 5
1.3. Literature Review ............................................................................................. 7
1.4. Methodology of The Study ............................................................................... 9
1.5. Thesis Outline ................................................................................................. 12
2. Toward A Theory of Critical Geopolitics: Reconstructing Geography and Identity
.................................................................................................................................... 14
2.1. Mapping the Earth: The Emergence of Classical Geopolitics ......................... 15
2.2. Unearthing the Mapping of the Earth: Critical Geopolitics as the “Critique of
Classical Geopolitics” ............................................................................................. 20
2.2.1. History of Geopolitical Representations as the Basis of Spatial Practices
.......................................................................................................................... 22
2.2.2. Geography and Governmentality ........................................................... 24
2.2.3. Critical Geopolitics and National Identity ............................................... 26
2.3. The History of the Concept of Civilization and Civilizational Discourse ......... 28
3. Historical Background of Turkey’s Civilizational Geopolitics ................................. 33
3.1. The Spread of Discussion of Civilization to the Ottoman Empire .................. 33
3.1.1. The Republican Era and the “Level of Contemporary Civilizations” ...... 35
3.1.2. An Alternative Perception of Civilization by the Prominent Islamist
Intellectuals of the Republican Era ................................................................... 37
3.1.3. The History of Turkey’s Civilizational Geopolitics ................................... 39
3.2. The New World Order after the End of the Cold War.................................... 44
3.2.1. Turkey Loses Its Buffer Zone Status ........................................................ 45
3.2.2. Political Instability as a Challenge against Identity Discussions ............. 47
3.2.3. The Framework of Turkish Foreign Policy in the 1990 and Ismail Cem
.......................................................................................................................... 47
4. Redefining Turkey’s Identity and Geopolitical Vision Via Foreign Policy-Making
After the End of the Cold War: The Example of Ismail Cem ...................................... 49
4.1. Cem’s Political Life, Political Thought, and Transformation .......................... 52
4.2. Ismail Cem’s Redefinition of Turkey’s Identity and National Interests .......... 55
4.2.1. Ismail Cem’s Perspective on Identity and Civilization ............................ 55
4.2.2. Turkey’s National Interests ..................................................................... 62
4.2.2.1. Interpretation of the Foreign Policy of the Republican Era ............ 63
4.2.2.2. Interpretation of The Ataturk Period .............................................. 63
4.2.2.3. Interpretation of the The Post-Ataturk Period ............................... 65
4.2.2.4. Ismail Cem’s Redefinition of Turkey’s National Interests ............... 67
4.3. The Place of Turkey in the International Order .............................................. 70
4.3.1. Perception of Westernism and the European Union ............................. 70
4.3.2. Perception of the Middle East ................................................................ 72
4.3.3. Perception of Eurasia .............................................................................. 73
4.3.4. Friends vs Foes ........................................................................................ 73
4.3.4.1. Greece ............................................................................................. 74
4.3.4.2. Syria ................................................................................................. 76
4.3.5. New Horizons: Africa and Latin America ................................................ 77
4.3.5.1. The Africa Opening ......................................................................... 78
4.3.5.2. The Latin America Opening ............................................................. 79
5. Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 81
References .................................................................................................................. 8
Analogtan dijitale:aile fotoğrafının dönüşümü
No full textPhotography is part and parcel of our everyday lives. Its representational and
communicative capability has made it an indispensable medium for both institutions
and individuals alike. With the advent of digital photography, one can observe its impact in every corner of social and cultural sphere. The purpose of this study is to
attempt to understand the transition from analogue to digital photography with
regard to its impact on socio-cultural practices and contexts. To this end, at the center
of the discussion in this study is family photography, for its transformation, I believe,
is indicative of the transformation of social and cultural practices around
photography in the transition. Family photographs, are objects that have material
and social aspects, have long functioned as the transmitter of familial networks,
relations, rituals and memory. The coming of digital technologies and ubiquity of
photography as well as the changes in its form and function, has also transformed
social and cultural practices around family photography. As the methodology for this
study, a qualitative research approach was chosen. The data gathered from sixteen
one-to-one semi structured interviews serve as the basis for this study. As a result,
this study indicates the following findings. Firstly, social practices around family
photography prevail, but in different complex and multi-layered forms. However, the
family album does not seem to be a sustainable ritual because of the over-abundance
of photography. Secondly, the intension behind taking photos has changed from
storing for memory to forming identity as family photography has replaced with what
may be called friendship photography. And finally, all these transformations create a
blurred boundary between privacy and publicity.Abstract ....................................................................................................................... iv
Öz ................................................................................................................................. v
Dedication………………………………………………………………………………………..……………..……..vi
Acknowledgements .................................................................................................... vii
Table of Contents ………………………………………………………………….……………………………. viii List of Figures .............................................................................................................. ix
CHAPTERS 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1 1.1. Setting the Problem .......................................................................................... 4 1.2. Methodology ..................................................................................................... 7 1.3. Literature Review ............................................................................................ 10 1.4. This Study ........................................................................................................ 18 2. Analogue Photography: Materiality, Memory and Narrative ................................ 20 2.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 20 2.2 Family Photography as a Form of Representation ........................................... 20 2.3 Family Photography as a Material Object ........................................................ 34 2.4 Family Photography as a Social Practice .......................................................... 38 2.4.1 Family Album ............................................................................................. 39 2.4.2 Narrative/Imagetext.................................................................................. 41 2.5 Photography as a Mnemonic tool .................................................................... 43 2.5.1 Memory and Narrativity............................................................................ 47 2.5.2 Cultural Memory ....................................................................................... 48 3. Digital Photography: Concerns and New Modes of Communication .................... 50 3.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 50 3.2 The New Face of Family Photography.............................................................. 52 3.3 From Family Albums to Computer Folders ...................................................... 59 3.4 Publicity and Privacy: Novel Performances and Concerns .............................. 64 3.5 Memory in The Digital Age ............................................................................... 71 4. Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 75 References .................................................................................................................. 8
65 yaş ve üzeri kadınların anlatılarında yaşlılık algısı
No full textAs an interdependent being, human seeks security and meaning through his
interactions with his social world. Old age is a period in which this need can be felt
more due to some changes that a person encounters. In order to grasp this period,
starting from intersubjective relations of people may bring about significant
information about the lives of people for the construction of old age perceptions. In
this respect, this study is a contribution to the micro-sociology of old age for
showing the different aspects of it through the experiences of thirteen middle
classed, relatively independent women who are 65 and more years old, perform
daily praying and live in Istanbul in their homes. Rather than measuring the
relationship between religiosity and being old, it tries to follow the meaning-making
process of these women without undermining the role of the researcher herself. It
is based on a phenomenological understanding of old age by using symbolic
interactionism of Herbert Blumer by combining it with Elias’ approach to old age. By
making narrative analysis of life stories of women, it concludes that there are three
major perceptions: old age as a physical and mental dependency, old age as despair
vs. opportunity, and old age as loneliness. By looking the actions of women which
are the results of the meanings of old age, the study questions the social
interactions that give away these meanings.Abstract ................................................................................................................... iv
Öz .............................................................................................................................v
Dedication ............................................................................................................... vi
Acknowledgements ................................................................................................ vii
Table Of Contents .................................................................................................... ix
1.Introduction .......................................................................................................... 1
1.1. Motivation ..................................................................................................... 3
1.2. Key Concepts ................................................................................................. 5
2.Theoretical Framework ......................................................................................... 7
2.1. Phenomenology of Social World .................................................................... 8
2.2. Symbolic Interactionism .............................................................................. 10
2.3. Anthropology of Old Age ............................................................................. 12
2.3.1. Birth of Gerontology ............................................................................... 12
2.3.2. Anthropology of Old Age Literature in Turkey ......................................... 14
2.3.3 Cultural Turn ............................................................................................ 16
2.4. Elias’ Sociology on Old Age .......................................................................... 21
2.5. Summary ..................................................................................................... 23
3.Methodology ...................................................................................................... 25
3.1.Constraints of the study................................................................................ 34
4.Analysis ............................................................................................................... 36
4.1. Old age as a physical and mental dependency ............................................. 36
4.1.1. Caregiving ............................................................................................... 40
4.2.2. Old Age as an Opportunity ...................................................................... 57
4.3. Old Age as Loneliness .................................................................................. 61
5.Conclusion .......................................................................................................... 75
References ............................................................................................................. 7
[Mahmut Şevket Paşa'nın askeri ve idari yetkililer ile Dolmabahçe Sarayı'nda bulunduğu sırada çekilen fotoğraf]
No full textMahmut Şevket Paşa Arşivi.
Not: İstanbul Şehir Üniversitesi Öğretim Üyesi Doç.Dr. Kahraman Şakul aracılığıyla Mahmut Şevket Paşa ailesi tarafından bağışlanmıştır
[E. Marozzi'nin Mahmut Şevket Paşa'ya hediye ettiği 22 Ocak 1926 tarihli imzalı fotoğrafı]
No full textMahmut Şevket Paşa Arşivi.
Not: İstanbul Şehir Üniversitesi Öğretim Üyesi Doç.Dr. Kahraman Şakul aracılığıyla Mahmut Şevket Paşa ailesi tarafından bağışlanmıştır
[Mahmut Şevket Paşa arşivinden çıkmış olan yakın arkadaşlarına ait fotoğraf]
No full textMahmut Şevket Paşa Arşivi.
Not: İstanbul Şehir Üniversitesi Öğretim Üyesi Doç.Dr. Kahraman Şakul aracılığıyla Mahmut Şevket Paşa ailesi tarafından bağışlanmıştır