56271 research outputs found
Sort by
Investigation of the effect of dialectical behavior therapy skills training group on coping skills with stress
No full textIn this study, the effect of Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training Group on coping skills with stress was investigated. The participants of the study consisted of seven female staff working in a center that functions as a women’s shelter. A total of eight group sessions, each consisting of 120 minutes, consisting of modules of Mindfulness, Interpersonal Effectiveness, Emotion Regulation and Distress Tolerance Skills, were given two days a week and training was completed within a month. In the study, a quasi-experimental model without control group with pre-test, post-test and followup test was used. Stress Coping Scale, which was developed by Türküm (1999) based on Lazarus and Folkman’s stress model, consisted of problem focused, avoidanceemotion focused and social support focused coping subscales, was used to obtain quantitative data. Subjective evaluations of the changes shared by the participants were also evaluated in the study. According to the findings of the study, there was no significant effect on the problem focused and social support focused coping skills of the participants in the DDT skills training group, while a statistically significant effect was found on the avoidance-emotion focused coping skills. After DDT skills training, participants expressed satisfaction and positive feedback on the categories of emotion regulation, change of perspective, effective job performance, interpersonal effectiveness and problem solving.Öz ................................................................................................................................ iv Abstract ........................................................................................................................ v Teşekkür ...................................................................................................................... vi İçindekiler ................................................................................................................... vii Tablolar Listesi .............................................................................................................. x Şekiller Listesi .............................................................................................................. xi BÖLÜMLER 1. Giriş .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Stres Kavramı..................................................................................................... 3 1.1.1. Stres Kavramının Tarihsel Gelişimi ............................................................. 3 1.1.2. Stres Kavramının Tanımı ............................................................................ 6 1.1.3. Stresin Türleri ............................................................................................. 7 1.1.4. Stresin Belirtileri ......................................................................................... 9 1.1.5. Stresle Başaçıkma Kavramı....................................................................... 10 1.1.6. Transaksiyonel Stres Modeli .................................................................... 13 1.1.7. Stresin Genel İyilik Hali Üzerindeki Etkisi ve Klinik Ortamdaki Görüntüsü
............................................................................................................................ 14 1.1.8. Stresle Başaçıkmayı Geliştirmeye Yönelik Kullanılan Diğer Yöntemler
............................................................................................................................ 17 1.1.9. Stres ve Diyalektik Davranış Terapisi ....................................................... 18 1.2. Diyalektik Davranış Terapisi ............................................................................ 22 1.2.1. Diyalektik Davranış Terapisi’ nin Tanımı .................................................. 22 1.2.2. Diyalektik Davranış Terapisi’ nin Kuramsal Temeli .................................. 23 1.2.2.1. Biyososyal Kuram .............................................................................. 23 1.2.2.2. Davranışçı Kuram .............................................................................. 24 1.2.2.3. Diyalektik Kuram ............................................................................... 25 1.2.3. Uygulamada Diyalektik Davranış Terapisi Tedavi Modeli ........................ 26 1.2.3.1. Bireysel Psikoterapi ........................................................................... 26 1.2.3.2. Beceri Eğitim Grubu .......................................................................... 27 1.2.3.3. Telefon Koçluğu ................................................................................. 33
1.2.3.4. Konsültasyon Ekibi ............................................................................ 34 1.3. Araştırmanın Amacı ve Önemi ........................................................................ 34 2. Yöntem ................................................................................................................... 39 2.1. Katılımcılar ....................................................................................................... 39 2.2. Veri Toplama Araçları ...................................................................................... 40 2.2.1. Stresle Başaçıkma Ölçeği (SBÖ) (Yaşama Biçimi Ölçeği, YBÖ) .................. 40 2.2.2. Değişime Yönelik Öznel Yaşantıları Değerlendirme Formu ..................... 42 2.2.3. Demografik Bilgi Formu............................................................................ 42 2.3. İşlem Yolu ........................................................................................................ 42 2.4. Verilerin Analizi ............................................................................................... 44 3. Bulgular .................................................................................................................. 45 3.1. Katılımcıların Kaçınma-Duygu Odaklı Başaçıkma Alt Ölçeğinden Elde Ettikleri Puanlara Ait Karşılaştırma ...................................................................................... 45 3.2. Katılımcıların Problem Odaklı Başaçıkma Alt Ölçeğinden Elde Ettikleri Puanlara Ait Karşılaştırma ..................................................................................................... 46 3.3. Katılımcıların Sosyal Destek Odaklı Başaçıkma Alt Ölçeğinden Elde Ettikleri Puanlara Ait Karşılaştırma ...................................................................................... 47 3.4. Katılımcıların Toplam Ölçek Puanlarına Ait Karşılaştırma ............................... 48 3.5. Katılımcıların Değişime Yönelik Öznel Değerlendirmeleri .............................. 49 4. Tartışma .................................................................................................................. 50 4.1. Problem-Odaklı Başaçıkma Alt Ölçeğinden Elde Edilen Nicel Bulguların Değerlendirilmesi ................................................................................................... 50 4.2. Sosyal Destek Odaklı Başaçıkma Alt Ölçeğinden Elde Edilen Nicel Bulguların Değerlendirilmesi ................................................................................................... 52 4.3. Kaçınma-Duygu Odaklı Başaçıkma Alt Ölçeğinden Elde Edilen Nicel Bulguların Değerlendirilmesi ................................................................................................... 53 4.4. Değişime Yönelik Öznel Yaşantı Bildirimlerinin Değerlendirilmesi ................. 54 4.5. Genel Değerlendirme ve Sonuç ....................................................................... 55 4.6. Klinik Doğurgular ............................................................................................. 58 4.7. Çalışmanın Sınırlılıkları .................................................................................... 58 4.8. İzleyen Çalışmalar İçin Öneriler ....................................................................... 59 Kaynakça .................................................................................................................... 6
İran İslam Cumhuriyeti'nin dış politika yörüngesi:bir sosyalleşme analizi
No full textThroughout history, the set of values that emerge with revolutions has aimed to change
and transform the world order. This effort of transformation can be seen as an attempt
by the revolutionary states to find themselves a place in the international system that
surrounds them. Therefore, the post-revolution relations of revolutionary states with
other actors of international politics have always been noteworthy. After the 1979
Islamic Revolution, Iran, too, has gone through, similar to other revolutionary states,
experiences of trying to interact and face with the international system. As have all other
revolutionary states, Iran has had to deal with the problem of being loyal to the
revolution’s ideals, while at the same time, trying to find itself a place in the international
order. The revolutionary ideals, which contradict with the rules and norms of the
international system, have led Iran into a conundrum as to what kind of a path it will
follow in the global politics. This work seeks to answer what type of a foreign policy post
revolutionary Iran followed in the international arena, whether an ideological policy that
stayed loyal to the revolutionary ideals or a pragmatist one where the requirements of
the international system are fulfilled. The main argument of this thesis that tries to
explain Iran’s relationship with the global system utilizing the theory of socialization is
that in the post-revolution period, Iran has had a rational socialization process, which
includes foreign policy methods that are based on its ideology and interests. This
research, which focuses on Iran’s foreign policy starting from 1979 until 2016, when the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) was implemented, aims to bring to the light
the fluctuant foreign policy that Iran has followed since the revolution by scrutinizing
certain foreign policy decisions in this period.Abstract ............................................................................................................................. iv
Öz ...................................................................................................................................... vi
Dedication ....................................................................................................................... viii
Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................. ix
Table of Contents ............................................................................................................... x
List of Tables ..................................................................................................................... xii
CHAPTERS
1.Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1
2.Theoretical Frame of Socialization ................................................................................ 10
2.1. Identification of the Socialization Concept ........................................................... 13
2.1.1. Subjects ........................................................................................................... 14
2.1.2. Time Interval ................................................................................................... 15
2.2. Socialization in International Relations ................................................................. 16
2.3. Socialization and Revolutionary States ................................................................. 36
2.4. Vulnerabilities and Weaknesses of Socialization .................................................. 42
3.Ideology Oriented Foreign Policies of IRAN .................................................................. 45
3.1. Neither East Nor West ........................................................................................... 47
3.2. Export of Revolution .............................................................................................. 53
3.3. Politics of Confrontation: Anti-Israeli discourse and Nuclear Power .................... 71
3.4. U.S. Embassy Seizure ............................................................................................. 87
3.5. Salman Rushdie Affair ........................................................................................... 91
3.6. Khomeini’s Letter to Gorbachev ............................................................................ 94
3.7. Conclusion ............................................................................................................. 96
4.Interest Favoured Islamic Republic ............................................................................... 98
4.1. Iran and ‘The Great Satan’ ................................................................................... 100
4.2. Open-Door Policy................................................................................................. 110
4.3. Looking the East .................................................................................................. 120
4.4. Nuclear Agreement ............................................................................................. 127
4.5. Exhaustion of the Revolution .............................................................................. 137
4.6. Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 145
5.Conclusion ................................................................................................................... 147
Bibliography ................................................................................................................... 15
Effect of dialectical behavior therapy skills training program over the university students' anger management issue
No full textThe aim of this study is to examine the effect of dialectical behavior therapy skills training program over the university students’ anger management issue. The content of 8 weeks skills training program is consist of mindfulness skills, interpersonal effectiveness skills, emotion regulation skills and distress tolerance skills. For this program, which was announced to all students by Istanbul Şehir University Student Mail System, the students were invited to pre-interview with criterion sampling method. After that, students were determined for the experimental (15) and control (15) groups by inclusion criteria. However, the study was completed with the experiment group 6 and the control group with 5 people. This research is an empirical work with pre-test and post-test model. The data of the study were obtained by using the Demographic Information Form, Trait Anger (SL-Anger) and Anger Expression Scale (Anger-Style) and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Result of this study shows that when the findings of the experimental group and the control group were compared, it can be said that improvements in anger management were achieved with DDTBE.ÖZ ................................................................................................................................ iv
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... v
TEŞEKKÜR .................................................................................................................... vi
İÇİNDEKİLER ................................................................................................................ vii
TABLOLAR LİSTESİ ......................................................................................................... x
ŞEKİL LİSTESİ ................................................................................................................ xi
1. GİRİŞ ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Öfke Duygusunun Tanımı .................................................................................... 2 1.2. Öfkenin Nedenleri ............................................................................................... 3 1.3. Öfkenin Boyutları ................................................................................................ 7 1.4. Öfkenin Türleri .................................................................................................... 8 1.5. Öfkenin İşlevleri .................................................................................................. 8 1.6. Öfke İfade Biçimleri........................................................................................... 11 1.7. Öfke ile İlgili Kuramsal Açıklamalar ................................................................... 12 1.8. Diyalektik Davranışçı Terapi .............................................................................. 15
1.8.1. Diyalektik Davranışçı Terapi Beceri Eğitimi ............................................... 16
1.8.1.1. Farkındalık ......................................................................................... 16
1.8.1.2. Kişilerarası Etkililik ............................................................................. 18
1.8.1.3. Duygu Düzenleme ............................................................................. 19
1.8.1.4. Stres Toleransı ................................................................................... 20
1.8.2. Diyalektik Davranışçı Terapi Kuramına Göre Öfkenin Açıklanması ........... 21 1.9. İlgili Araştırmalar ............................................................................................. 22 1. 10. Araştırmanın amacı ve sorusu ...................................................................... 23
2. YÖNTEM ................................................................................................................. 24 2.1. Araştırmanın Örneklemi .................................................................................. 24 2.2. Veri Toplama Araçları ...................................................................................... 26
2.2.1. Demografik Bilgi Formu ............................................................................ 26
2.2.2. Sürekli Öfke ve Öfke İfade Tarzı Ölçeği (SÖÖTÖ) ...................................... 26
2.2.3. Duygu Düzenlemede Güçlükler Ölçeği (DDGÖ) ........................................ 27 2.3. İşlem Yolu ........................................................................................................ 28 2.4. Programın Hazırlanışı ...................................................................................... 28 2.5. Programın Oturumları ..................................................................................... 29 2.6. Veri Analizi ....................................................................................................... 32
3. BULGULAR .............................................................................................................. 33 3.1. Öfke Eğilimine, İfadesine ve Duygu Düzenlemeye İlişkin Gruplararası Bulgular
................................................................................................................................ 33
3.1.1. Sürekli Öfke ile Öfke Tarzına İlişkin Analiz Sonuçları ................................ 33
3.1.2. Duygu Düzenleme Güçlüğüne İlişkin Analiz Sonuçları .............................. 35 3.2. Öfke Eğilimine, İfadesine ve Duygu Düzenlemeye İlişkin Gruplar-içi Bulgular
................................................................................................................................ 36
3.2.1. Deney Grubunun Sürekli Öfke ile Öfke Tarzına İlişkin Analiz Sonuçları .... 37
3.2.2. Deney Grubunun Duygu Düzenleme Güçlüğüne İlişkin Analiz Sonuçları . 38
3.2.3. Kontrol Grubunun Sürekli Öfke ile Öfke Tarzına İlişkin Analiz Sonuçları .. 39
3.2.4. Kontrol Grubunun Duygu Düzenleme Güçlüğüne İlişkin Analiz Sonuçları 40
4. TARTIŞMA ............................................................................................................... 42 4.1. Öfke Eğilimine, İfadesine ve Duygu Düzenlemeye İlişkin Gruplar-arası Bulguların Değerlendirilmesi .................................................................................. 42 4.2. Öfke Eğilimine, İfadesine ve Duygu Düzenlemeye İlişkin Gruplar-içi Bulguların Değerlendirilmesi ................................................................................................... 43 4.3. Çalışmanın Sınırlılıkları .................................................................................... 45 4.4. Gelecek Çalışmalar İçin Öneriler ..................................................................... 46
5. SONUÇ .................................................................................................................... 48 5.1. Sonuç ............................................................................................................... 48
KAYNAKÇA .................................................................................................................. 50
EKLER .......................................................................................................................... 57
A. DEMOGRAFİK BİLGİ FORMU .............................................................................. 57 B. BİLGİLENDİRİLMİŞ ONAM FORMU ..................................................................... 58 C. SÜREKLİ ÖFKE VE ÖFKE İFADE TARZI ÖLÇEĞİ (SÖÖTÖ) ...................................... 59 D. DUYGU DÜZENLEMEDE GÜÇLÜKLER ÖLÇEĞİ (DDGÖ) ....................................... 62 E. “DEAR MAN” ALIŞTIRMASI ................................................................................. 63 F. “GIVE” ALIŞTIRMASI ........................................................................................... 64 G. “FAST” ALIŞTIRMASI........................................................................................... 65 H. “STOP” ALIŞTIRMASI .......................................................................................... 66 I. “TIP” ALIŞTIRMASI ............................................................................................... 6
İstanbul'daki İslami vakıflarda kadın temsili
No full textThis thesis deals with the construction of women’s representation in relation to the use of space in Islamic foundations and organizations. The thesis study women’s representation by taking the following three factors to its focus: (1) the use of space, (2) forms of relationships between women and men and (3) spatial division of labor. Based on a qualitative research, the study introduces an Islamic Foundation as a case, for which in-depth interviews were conducted with either staff or volunteer women working at this foundation. The foundation constitutes an important space in terms of its activity areas as well as the educational background and social and employment status of the people joining activities there. The foundation relies on Islamic references and the people joining these activities construct their life on Islamic references, too. The theoretical background of this study relies on the mutual relationship between gender and space. While the gender roles are spatially constructed, the space is also reproduced and experienced depending on the gender roles. This discussion will serve as a way of understanding for women’s spatial experiences in Islamic foundations and organizations. The findings also show that it is not possible to discuss a unique and homogeneous representation of women in Islamic foundation and organizations.Abstract ....................................................................................................................... iv Öz ................................................................................................................................. v Dedication ................................................................................................................... vi Acknowledgements .....................................................................................................vii Table of Contents ....................................................................................................... viii List of Tables ................................................................................................................. x CHAPTERS 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1 1.1. Motivation for the Research ............................................................................ 1 1.2. My Approach to Women’s Experiences in Islamic Foundations ...................... 3 1.3. Research Design ............................................................................................... 6 1.4. Content of the Thesis ....................................................................................... 7 2. Framework of the Field Research ............................................................................ 9 2.1. Choosing the Case ............................................................................................ 9 2.2. Interviewing Women ...................................................................................... 11 2.3. General Information About the Foundation .................................................. 17 2.3. General Profiles of the Interviewers .............................................................. 20 3. Theoretical Background and Literature Review ..................................................... 21 3.1. Theoretical Background ................................................................................. 21 3.1.1. Gender and Place as Different Concepts in Mutual Relation ................. 23 3.1.2. Space and the Construction of Symbolic Boundaries ............................. 24 3.1.3. Gendered Construction of Public and Private Dichotomy ..................... 25 3.2. Literature Review on Muslim Women and Their Experiences in Public Sphere ............................................................................................................................... 27 4. Historical Background ............................................................................................ 35 4.1. The Changing Experience and Profile of Muslim Women During the History of the Republic ........................................................................................................... 35 4.1.1. Late Ottoman Period .............................................................................. 35 4.1.2. Early Republican Period .......................................................................... 37 4.1.4. 1980s and Changing Perspectives .......................................................... 43
4.1.5. 1990s and Welfare Party ........................................................................ 44 4.1.6. 2000 and Justice and Development Party .............................................. 48 5. The Case of the Foundation ................................................................................... 50 5.1. Use of Space, Spatial Arrangements .............................................................. 50 5.1.1. Ladies Commission of the Foundation as a Gendered Space ................. 50 5.2. Space and Communicational Codes and Relations ........................................ 56 5.3. Division of Activities between Women and Men ........................................... 60 6. Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 63 References .................................................................................................................. 67 Appendices ................................................................................................................. 70 A. Questionare of the Interviews .......................................................................... 70 B. Information about the Participants .................................................................. 7
Millet düşüncesi:milli İslamcılıkla ümmetçi İslamcılığın karşılaştırılması
No full textIn this research, two forms of Islamism as national and ummatist have been
compared through their approach to the concept of millet (nation) and other
related issues arising from the idea of millet. With this purpose four periodicals
published in the period between 1970 and 1980 have been analysed and compared.
The journal Yeniden Millî Mücadele (National Struggle Again) has been considered
as representative of national Islamism, while three periodicals Şûra, Tevhid and
Hicret, which were published as a continuation of each other, have been considered
as representative of ummatist Islamism. Sixty-two issues, which cover a whole year
of Yeniden Millî Mücadele have been analysed, as have ninety-four issues of the
other three periodicals.
Through the comparisons, it is clear that national Islamism, which still carried the
trauma of the Ottoman collapse, regards the population of Turkey as millet and
Turkey as the centre of salvation, which it considers unfinished process, and
determines a hierarchy of the salvation from the centre toward the Muslim world.
The other three periodicals instead described millet on a religious basis and
defended topyekûn kurtuluş (salvation altogether at once) by ignoring the hierarchy
that national Islamism idealized. This change from national stance to more
ummatist one towards the end of 1970s was underpinned by some other
developments that left enormous impact on newly rising Islamism. The flow of
translations from the Muslim geography by the mid-1960s, the Iranian Islamic
Revolution and developments in Afghanistan and Pakistan, internal developments such as emergence political Kurdishism as an ethnic nationalist movement, political
and institutional dismantling of the Turkish Right were other motivations for this
change. Consequently, with the effects of these developments, conflicts emerged
between the two Islamisms mainly over the issues of identifying millet and
determining the centre of belonging, whether it is Turkey or the ummah.Abstract ........................................................................................................................ v
Öz ................................................................................................................................ vii
Acknowledgement ....................................................................................................... ix
Table of Contents ......................................................................................................... x
CHAPTERS 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background of the Thesis ........................................................................... 1 1.2 Structure of the Thesis ............................................................................... 4 1.3 Method ....................................................................................................... 6 1.4 Findings ...................................................................................................... 7 1.5 Research Questions .................................................................................... 8 1.6 Suggestions for Further Studies ................................................................. 8 2. FORMATION AND DISSOLUTION OF THE RIGHT ............................................ 10
2.1 From Right-wing Journals to the New Islamist Periodicals: A Brief Look at
the Aftermath of the 1940s............................................................................ 10
2.2 Unity under the Umbrella of the Right: From the 1940s until the 1970s
........................................................................................................................ 18
2.3 Reflections of the Dissolution of the Right after the 1960 Coup d’Etat .. 22 2.4 Departure of New Islamists from the Right ............................................. 27 2.5 A Brief Look into Debates around the Concept of Millet in the Major Right-wing and Islamist Journals .............................................................. 34
3. THE JOURNAL OF YENIDEN MILLÎ MÜCADELE ................................................. 54 3.1 The Journal of Yeniden Millî Mücadele and the Ideologization of the Idea of Millet .................................................................................................... 54
3.2 Preference for the Terminology of Mücadele (Struggle) and the Hierarchy of that Struggle: From National Struggle to Islamic Struggle .................. 63
3.3 Mücadele within the Framework of Conceptualization of the Right and the Left ..................................................................................................... 72
3.4 The Ideology of Millet (Millet İdeolojisi) ................................................. 82
3.5 Scientification of the Nation’s Ideologic Structure: The Scientific Right (İlmî Sağ) .................................................................................................. 91
3.6 The Phrase “National Culture” (Millî Kültür) ........................................... 95 3.7 National State (Millî Devlet) .................................................................. 102 3.8 The National State -or Turkey- Oriented Attitude of Yeniden Millî Mücadele and a Turkey-Centred Salvation Ideal ................................... 109
3.9 Emphasis of “Turkish Nation” and “Muslim Turks” .............................. 117 3.10 Turkism and the Eastern Question in the Concept of Millet .............. 125 3.11 Relations with Traditional and Other Structures, Accusations towards Yeniden Millî Mücadele .......................................................................... 130
3.12 Yeniden Millî Mücadele between Nationalization and Islamization .. 136
4. THE NEWSPAPERS ŞÛRA, TEVHID AND HICRET ............................................. 145 4.1 “The Nation of Islam”: The Idea in the Newspapers Şûra, Tevhid and Hicret ...................................................................................................... 145
4.2 From National Struggle to Islamic Movement ....................................... 154
4.3 Understanding of Dar-al Harb and Dar-al Islam ..................................... 162
4.4 The Nation of Islam (İslam Milleti) ........................................................ 171
4.5 From the Phrase of “National Culture” to “Sharia” Emphasis ............... 189 4.6 The Sharia State versus the National State ............................................ 195 4.7 Salvation Altogether: Turkey and the Muslim World ............................ 209 4.8 Dilemmas on the Concepts: From Türk Milleti to Türk Kavmi, From “Muslim Turks” to “Muslims from Turkey” ........................................... 218
4.9 Turkism, Kurdism and All Kinds of Nationalism .................................... 226
4.10 Relations with Traditional and Other Structures, Accusations Towards Şûra, Tevhid and Hicret ......................................................................... 235
4.11 Approach to “the Right” in the New Islamist Thinking ........................ 252
5. CONCLUSION .................................................................................................. 261
5.1 Challenges of the Thesis ......................................................................... 262
5.2 Findings .................................................................................................. 263
References ................................................................................................................ 27
Effects of the geopolitical risks on Bitcoin returns and volatility
No full textThis paper investigates the predictive power of global geopolitical risks (GPR) index on daily returns and price volatility of Bitcoin over the period July 18, 2010-May 31, 2018. Considering Bayesian Graphical Structural Vector Autoregressive (BSGVAR) technique, we find that GPR has a predictive power on both returns and volatility of Bitcoin. The results of the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimations show that price volatility and returns of Bitcoin are positively and negatively related to the GPR, respectively. However, findings from the Quantile-on-Quantile (QQ) estimations state that the effects are positive at the higher quantiles of both the GPR as well as the price volatility and the returns of Bitcoin. Therefore, we conclude that Bitcoin can be considered as a hedging tool against global geopolitical risks
A competitive design and material consideration for fabrication of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell bipolar plates
Full text linkThe bipolar plate is one of the most significant components of a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell, and contributes substantially to the cost structure and the weight of the stacks. A number of graphite polymer composites with different fabrication techniques have been reported in the literature. Graphite composites show excellent electromechanical properties and chemical stability in acidic environments. Compression and injection molding are the most common manufacturing methods being used for mass production. In this study, a competitive bipolar plate design and fabrication technique is adopted in order to develop a low-cost and light-weight expanded graphite (EG) polymer composite bipolar plate for an air-breathing PEM fuel cell. Cutting molds are designed to cut fuel flow channels on thin expanded graphite (EG) sheets (0.6 mm thickness). Three separate sheets, with the flow channel textures removed, are glued to each otherbyacommercialconductiveepoxytobuildasinglebipolarplate. Thefinalproducthasadensity of 1.79 g/cm3. A bipolar plate with a 20 cm2 active area weighs only 11.38 g. The manufacturing cost is estimated to be 7.77 $/kWe, and a total manufacturing time of 2 minutes/plate is achieved with lab-scale fabrication. A flexural strength value of 29 MPa is obtained with the three-point bending method. A total resistance of 22.3 milliohms.cm2 is measured for the three-layer bipolar plate. We presume that the suggested design and fabrication process can be a competitive alternate for the small-scale, as well as mass production of bipolar plates
Positive associations between anomia and intentions to engage in political violence: Cross-cultural evidence from four countries
No full textPolitically motivated violence stems from various psychological motives such as the need to restore
significance, meaning or control in one’s life. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that anomia,
a generalized feeling of being meaningless, powerless, isolated and alienated is linked with intentions
to engage in political violence across cultures and political ideologies. Anomia may therefore
constitute a single unifying psychological construct to study radicalization and violent extremism