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A Support System for Organizing a Team of Implementing Cooperative Evolutionary Computation
No full text第32回ファジィシステムシンポジウム : 2016.8.31-9.2 : 佐賀大学FSS2016 : 2016.8.31-9.2 : Saga University, JapanInteractive evolutionary computation (IEC) is a technique that enables people to have creative activities with a computer relying only on their Kansei. IEC is usually implemented by a single user, but depends on the type of creative activity. IEC with multiple IEC users, called cooperative IEC, may enhance creativity of the IEC users through interactions among the IEC users. To validate the practicability of cooperative IEC, we need to conduct the three following steps; (1) finding a creative task for which cooperative IEC is effective, (2) developing a support system for organizing a creative team under the assumed task, and (3) developing a system for implementing cooperative IEC by the organized team. In the paper, we conduct (1) and (2). As a task mentioned in (1), we use a task to design a sign sound for warning danger in which a close consensus among multiple people is necessary. As a system mentioned in (2), we develop a system visualizing not only the best sounds that multiple IEC users create independently but also their impressions, which makes the multiple users understand other users easily and helps them to find their collaborators. Through experimental evaluations, we obtain feedback from participants of the experiment
The weapon focus effect and the functional field of view
No full textThe weapon focus effect is defined as a phenomenon that when viewing an individual holding a weapon, people tend to direct their attention towards the weapon and less accurately remember peripheral details in the scene. The purpose of this paper was to review the previous studies that examined the weapon focus effect and to propose a new model that can explain the previous results. In the first part of this paper, I reviewed previous studies that explored the effect of a weapon on participants’ fixation pattern and memory accuracy for peripheral details, and I introduced arousal and unusual item hypotheses. Subsequently, I reviewed the functional field of view hypothesis, asserting that the presence of a weapon shrinks the functional field of view, resulting in impairment of memory accuracy for peripheral details. Finally, I proposed a new model that integrates the unusual item hypothesis with the functional field of view hypothesis to explain the weapon focus effect
A study on the use of paraphrasing by intermediate and advanced JSL Chinese learners
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to get a clearer understanding of the strategy of paraphrasing that Japanese learners employ. This study will help reveal why and how these learners use paraphrasing, among other types of communication strategies, when faced with problems communicating (due to a lack of language knowledge, psychological factors, etc.) in different environments when using JSL (Japanese as a Second Language). To answer these questions, this investigation has looked at and described the experiences of 7 Chinese learners of JSL, ranging from intermediate to advanced level. In addition, follow-up interviews were conducted in order to assess the learner\u27s level of awareness, and confirm whether or not they recognize the use of paraphrasing strategy in their speech. This investigation has helped identify different aspects of paraphrasing strategy and the reasons why learners make use of it. These results also help to shed light on the psychology of learners who use paraphrasing
Some important issues teachers should be aware of when teaching Japanese grammar : Perspectives on transformations in the school environment and grammar education
No full textThis paper analyzes how the environment of teaching Japanese as a first language has changed in recent years and presents some new perspectives that need to be taken into account in order to reassess Japanese education (especially grammar education) in the future. In the recent years, the number of foreign children in Japanese schools has been increasing. If these students do not acquire a high level of Japanese, it will be difficult for them to find employment or enter higher education. Thus, Japanese education, for both native and foreign children, should become more integrated across the different fields of Japanese language learning. Meanwhile, grammar teaching in Japanese education is isolated in the course of study at school. The curriculum requires that teachers foster students\u27 Japanese ability in an organic manner, in areas such as \u22speaking\u22, \u22listening\u22, \u22writing\u22 and \u22reading\u22. However, the definitions of these categories are very vague. Prewar Japanese education offers some insight into how these difficulties can be overcome. The purpose and position of Japanese grammar teaching was clearly stated in prewar education. Considering the points mentioned above, this paper provides some much needed fresh perspectives on grammar teaching. They concern: ① grammar education from viewpoints other than just teaching Japanese as a first language and ② grammar education for establishing a strong basis for improving reading and writing ability
プロテインチップアレイを用いた急性肝不全生体肝移植患者におけるバイオマーカーの検討
No full textThe causative agent of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) has not been identified with certainty. The recovery of consciousness in patients with acute liver failure (ALF) who underwent liver transplantation (LT) is sometimes drastic ; therefore, we thought that the causative agents of HE would change markedly peri-operatively in these patients. We examined the biomarkers including new agents in the serum of patients using the ProteinChip^【○!R】 System 4000 (Ciphergen Biosystems, Yokohama, JAPAN). Sixteen samples were obtained from four patients with ALF who underwent living donor LT (LDLT) at four time points ; pre-operative, one post-operative day (1POD), 3POD, and 7POD. We used three chips made by the Biomek2000 robot. All duplicated samples were assayed and analyzed using the CiphergenExpress^<TM> data manager. We divided the peri-operative changes in the intensity of identified peaks into seven patterns. The number of peaks whose intensity shows significant changes peri-operatively reached 755. Of course, it is difficult to determine each structure in all 755 peaks ; therefore, we should narrow down the candidates for causative agents of HE in further studies. Our own results suggest that many difficulties lie ahead in determining the causative agent of HE.肝性脳症の原因物質はまだ同定されていない．我々は，肝移植を受けた急性肝不全患者の意識回復が時に劇的である事から，このような患者において肝性脳症の原因物質が周術期に劇的に変化していると考えた．そこで，肝性脳症の原因物質を同定するために，プロテインチップシステム4000^【○!R】 (サイファージェンバイオシステムズ，横浜)を用いて，患者血清中のバイオマーカーを検討した．生体肝移植を受けた急性肝不全患者4名より，周術期4 ポイント(手術前，術後1日，術後3日，術後7日)で血清を採取して，合計16のサンプルを得た．今回は，Biomek2000ロボットにより作製された3つのチップを使用した．測定はサンプル毎に2回行い，結果はCiphergenExpressTMデータマネージャーを用いて分析した．周術期における発現ピークの変動パターンを7 パターンに分割し，周術期に有意に変動した発現ピークとして755個を同定した．もちろん，755個の発現ピーク全ての構造を決定することは困難である．従って，我々は更に検討を重ね，肝性脳症の原因物質の候補を絞り込む必要がある．我々の今回の検討結果は，肝性脳症の原因物質を決定するには多くの困難が待ち受けていることを示唆している
