34104 research outputs found
Sort by
Phylogenetic Analysis Reveals the Overlapping Distribution of the Indian and Southeast Asian Clades of Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Central Bangladesh
No full textOecophylla smaragdina, the weaver ant species is widely distributed from India through Southeast Asia to Northern Australia including many tropical Western Pacific Islands. In the previous phylogeographic study, the populations was divided into 7 groups, of which Indian populations are the sister group to other 6 Southeast Asian groups. Central Bangladesh populations of weaver ant have been reported Southeast Asian groups in spite of its geographical proximity however, a recent phylogenetic study of O. smaragdina revealed that the western Bangladesh population belongs to Indian clade. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the phylogeographic distribution of Southeast Asian and Indian clades of weaver ant in Bangladesh along with the haplotype diversity of these two clades. Adult Oecophylla smaragdina workers were collected from 71 colonies at 67 localities in 38 districts belonging to 7 divisions of Bangladesh during 2013 to 2016 to infer the phylogenetic position. Their haplotype and phylogenetic relationships were determined by analyzing 2 mitochondrial loci: Cytochrome b Oxidase subunit 2 (Cytb) consisting of 580 bp and Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) consisting of 725 bp. Bayesian analysis inferred that the western parts of Bangladesh were occupied by mitochondrial Indian haplotype, whereas the eastern parts were dominated by the haplotypes of SE Asian clade. The central parts consisted of the mixture of both Indian and SE Asian clades. This study suggested that the Indian and Souheast Asian clades of O. smaragdina expanded their distribution northward after glaciation and the two clades supposedly encountered and overlapped in central Bangladesh
Source Water Purification of Bamboo Activated Carbon Prepared from Bamboo Charcoal by Using the Multi–layer Filtration Method
No full textBamboo charcoal (BC) was used as a precursor to prepare bamboo activated carbon (BAC) by the method of steam activation with at 700, 800 and 900ºC of activation temperatures and 60, 90 and 150 min of activation duration, respectively. Using the standing, filtration and lab–designed multi–layer filtration methods, the feasibility of source water purification was investigated herein. The yield of BAC was 58.02 to 90.59%. The iodine value (362–891 mg/g) of BAC was higher than that (277 mg/g) of BC. After treatment by the standing and the filtration methods, except for turbidity and total bacterial count, the other tested items could reach drinking water quality standards. The lab–designed multi–layer filtration method designated with filter paper, BC, BAC and filter paper as the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th filter–layer individually located in the glass funnel with 5 ± 2 and 10 ± 2 mL/min of flow rate to purify the source water. The turbidity, total hardness, nitrite nitrogen, coliform, and total bacterial count of the treated water resulted in 1.30 NTU, 89.02 mg/L, 0.05 mg/L, 0.00 CFU/mL and 26.00 CFU/mL, and reached drinking water quality standards in Taiwan. In the Ames tests, the residual bacteria rate of the cytotoxicity for source water and the treated water was higher than 80% of the control, indicating a lack of cytotoxicity. The mutagenicity of both was not over spontaneous revertants of the control group by more than two times, signifying no mutagenicity. The BAC offers the potential development of water quality purification, and with the multi–layer filtration method has the consulted value of purification from source water
Judging the Abnormalities of Agricultural Machinery by Using Mahalanobis’ Distance
No full textThis study calculated the Mahalanobis’ distance, which is a multidimensional space distance with correlations, from the time–series data of 3–axis translational acceleration and 3–axis rotational angular speed, and examined whether this could be used in judging the abnormalities of the agricultural machineries. As the result, using the Mahalanobis’ distance to determine the abnormality of the data was not possible for the changes in not–so–big behaviors, such as turning and temporary stop, but determining the abnormality of the data using the Mahalanobis’ distance was clearly possible for sudden changes to the operating status of the equipment, such as a roll over and passing obstacles through an experiment using the model car. We hypothesized in the beginning that the distribution of the Mahalanobis’ distance at the signal space could be separated with the distribution of the Mahalanobis’ distance at the unit space. However, unless there is a large–scale change to the behavior, such as a roll over, etc., complete separation is difficult in reality, and we determined realistically that conducting the abnormality determination from the significant difference viewpoint by placing a threshold value to the normalized distribution of the Mahalanobis’ distance at the unit space is possible
Correlations between Nitrogen Mineralization Potential or Mineralization Rate Constant and Physicochemical Properties of Paddy Soils
No full text緒言 / 材料及び方法 / 結果と考察 / 要約可分解性有機態窒素量（N_0）と無機化速度定数（k）は，水稲の生育期間において地力窒素の無機化量を推定する際に用いられる主要な特性値である．しかし，N_0 とk は時間と労力を要する培養試験によって決定されるため，施肥設計に利用する観点からは簡易に推定することが求められる．そこで本研究では，N_0 とk の簡易推定を検討する際の基礎資料を提示するために，未風乾水田土壌のN_0 およびk と土壌の理化学性の指標の相関関係を明らかにした．まず，福岡県糸島市の16 筆の水田土壌について，反応速度論的解析法によりN_0 とkを算出した．次に，土壌の理化学性の指標の中で，CHN コーダー等で簡易に測定できる全窒素（TN）と全炭素（TC），もしくは一度測定した値を経年的に使用できる粘土・シルト・砂含量ならびに陽イオン交換容量（CEC）とN_0 およびk の相関解析を行った．その結果，N0 についてはTN がr =0.602 の1% 水準で有意な正の相関を示した．TC，粘土含量およびCEC が，それぞれ，r =0.569，r =0.526 およびr =0.431 の5%水準で有意な正の相関を，砂含量はr = − 0.504 の5%水準で有意な負の相関を示した．k については，砂含量がr =0.481 の5% 水準で有意な正の相関を，シルト含量がr = − 0.460 の5% 水準で有意な負の相関を示した．ただし，k と砂含量およびシルト含量の有意な相関は，その分布範囲が広い場合に限り示されることが示唆された．Nitrogen mineralization potential (N_0 ) and mineralization rate constant (k) are major parameters used to estimate soil mineralizable nitrogen during the rice growth period. These parameters are determined with soil incubation tests, which are laborious and time-consuming. Thus, simple estimation of N _0 and k are required to use the parameters for planning fertilizer applications. The objective of this study was to investigate correlations between N0 or k of moist paddy soils and soil physicochemical properties. First, N_0 and k were calculated using kinetic analysis for soils collected at 16 paddy fields in Itoshima city, Fukuoka Prefecture. Next, correlations were analyzed between N_0 or k and soil physicochemical properties including total nitrogen (TN), total carbon (TC), clay, silt, sand contents, and cation exchange capacity (CEC). TN and TC are simply measured with a CHN analyzer, while clay, silt, sand contents, and CEC can be referred over years when the properties are measured once. For the relationship with N_0 , TN showed a positive correlation (r =0.602) at 1% significance level. TC, clay content, and CEC showed positive correlations (r =0.569, 0.526, 0.431, respectively) at 5% significance level, while sand content showed a negative correlation (r = − 0.504) at 5% significance level. For the relationship with k, sand content showed a positive correlation (r =0.481) at 5% significance level, while silt content showed a negative correlation (r = − 0.460) at 5% significance level. The result implicated that the correlations between k and sand or silt content are significant only when the ranges of the values are large
Hydrology Simulation of Ukud River in Lati Coal Mine
No full textDevelopment of mine pit and overburden disposal has caused dynamic changes in the catchment area of Ukud River, one of the rivers that flow through Lati Mining Operation. The maximum discharge of the river reached 13m^3/second and the catchment area occupied a total area of 1901.7 hectares. Since the mining operations started, the river discharge fluctuations have changed considerably. In addition, the catchment area that was dominated by overburden disposal area contained sulphide minerals that potentially degrade the water quality of Ukud River due to the formation of acid mine drainage. Hydrological studies are essential to investigate potential environmental impacts of the mining activities. This study was conducted to determine the characteristics of the hydrologic systems in the mining area using semi-distributed models that can be used to simulate the river flow within catchment area
A study on the support for overseas Asian students in Australia : From the perspective of cultural understanding and interaction
No full text1. はじめに 2. 先行研究 3. 調査概要 4. オーストラリアの大学におけるアジア人留学生の生活 インタビュー調査をもとに 5. 展望・動向・今後の課
新規整理分「麻生家文書」(議会関係)目録
No full text【解題】新規整理分「麻生家文書」(議会関係)の可能性[原口・都留] 議院時代の麻生太吉[原口] 「麻生家文書」議会関係史料群にみる麻生の炭鉱経営[都留
網状肢端色素沈着症とDowling-Degos病とを合併した1例
No full text症例は,34 歳女性.幼少期より頸部,両腋窩,肘窩,足関節,手関節,手背に小型あるいは網状の褐色色素斑を認め,徐々に近位部に拡大した.脱色素班は伴わなかった.家族歴として,母親,妹,叔母にも同様の色素斑があるが,8 歳の子供には色素斑を認めない.ダーモスコピー所見は皮溝に沿ってpigment network が散在してreticular patternを示していた.特徴的な臨床所見,ダーモスコピー所見,家族歴で母親,妹,叔母に同様の症状あり,常染色体優性遺伝と思われたことから網状肢端色素沈着症とDowling-Degos 病の合併例と診断した.網状肢端色素沈着症,Dowling-Degos 病はいずれも稀な常染色体優性遺伝形式の遺伝性皮膚疾患であり,網状肢端色素沈着症では,網状の褐色色素斑が手背,足背に出現し,一方Dowling-Degos 病では肘窩,鼠径部など屈曲部に生じることが特徴である.網状肢端色素沈着症とDowling-Degos 病を合併した症例の報告も数例あるが,いまだ少なく,今後遺伝子解析を含め症例の蓄積が待たれる
Travertine and its precipitation model : a new rate law for inorganic carbonate precipitation
No full text１.はじめに ２.炭素は沈み，反応し，やがて沸き上がる ３.溶けていた炭素の一部は地表で気相と固相になる ４.飽和に関わる２つの力が釣合う ５.代数操作から導き出されるもの ６.Ωeq が持つ意味 ７.PWP-rate は本当に成立しないのかA new index was proposed for the carbonate precipitation rate observed for quickly growing travertines in hydrothermal settings, where degassing of carbon dioxide from high-pCO_2 water is the principal process that induces CaCO_3 precipitation. The travertine precipitation rate hardly fits to previous surface-controlled equations that often inverse with pCO_2 . Mathematical model in this study relates the precipitation rate with the CO_2 degassing rate by assuming a stable degree of supersaturation（Ω）. Here, the accelerating force by CO_2 degassing and the inhibiting force by carbonate precipitation are conceptually balanced to sustain a site-specific Ω value. The precipitation rate equals the product of the newly proposed index for degassing-induced carbonate precipitation（IDP） and an undefined hydrodynamic factor. The IDP, which can be calculated from the bulk water chemistry, is proportional to the pCO_2 excess of water from atmosphere, with secondary influence from pH and ionic strength