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Carbonization Characteristics of Juvenile Woods from Some Tropical Trees Planted in Indonesia
No full textThe objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of charcoals from juvenile woods of albizia (Paraserianthes falcataria), gmelina (Gmelina arborea), mindi (Melia azedarach), and mangium (Acacia mangium). Carbonization was performed at 400, 600, and 800°C for 10 min with a heating rate of 6°C/min. The physical, bioenergetic, and chemical properties were evaluated. Maximum char yield was obtained at 400°C and the increase of carbonization temperature resulted in a decrease of char yield. At the same carbonization temperature, char yield was higher in wood with greater initial density, i.e. ordered from the highest to the lowest: mangium, mindi, gmelina, and albizia. The heating values in all woods increased after carbonization, with maximum values at 600°C. Maximum energy densification ratio and energy yield were obtained at carbonization temperature of 600°C and 400°C, respectively. Char yield of 23.62–39.03%, heating value of 25.16–33.85 kJ/g, energy densification ratio of 1.45–1.72, energy yield of 39.09–60.10%, ash content of 0.80–3.94%, volatile matter of 14.61–38.69%, and fixed carbon of 58.58– 83.27% were obtained in all charcoals from juvenile woods and were comparable with those of mature woods, showing suitability for the production of charcoal fuel
Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Visit to Fukuoka and the History of China-Japan Academic Cooperation at Kyushu University
No full textErrors using “De no” and “De” by native Chinese speakers learning Japanese : A corpus based study on Essays
No full textFor the beginner level Japanese language learner, “De”（“デ”）/“No”（“ノ”）/“De no”（“デノ”）are frequently used; however, corpus analysis （‘YUK Japanese essay corpus of Chinese native speakers studying Japanese with taggers 2015’ Ver. 5） has revealed that people often make mistakes when using “De” and “De no”. This paper investigates the difficulties that native Chinese speakers learning Japanese encounter with “De” and “Deno”, highlighting two types of errors in particular; one concerns “De” being used in a sentence instead of “Deno”, and the other relates to “Deno” being used in place of “De”. I classified the situations where “De” and “De no” were misused based on the years the individual had spent learning Japanese and the context of “De”. In doing so this this study has attempted to find the reasons why “De” and “De no” get mixed up by Japanese learners（ explanations include interference from one’s mother tongue and confusing grammatical rules for when to use “De” and “De no” to name a few）, while also offering suggestions for how these results can be used effectively in the field of Japanese language teaching, specifically when dealing with “De”/“No”/“De no”
数え歌に見る「明治二十二年熊本地震」の記憶
No full text誤字修正版(20170522誤字修正版)明治22年（1889）7月28日に熊本を襲った地震の概要を踏まえつつ、新たに発見した「数え歌」資料を用いて、当該地震が人々にどのように認識、共有、記憶されていたのかを追究した。分析の結果、明治22年熊本地震の数え歌は、当時の歌刷物を意識した書式となっており、表記に東北方言が反映されていることから、東北地方で受容されたことが窺えた。また、内容は実情以上の惨状や恐怖が演出されているものの、話の末尾は突然孝行者が金甕を見つけた話となり、近世昔話的な締めくくりとなっている。後に起こった濃尾地震や関東大震災時に伝承された数え歌では、ひたすら地震の惨状と恐怖が語られるのに対し、明治22年熊本地震の数え歌は、近世近代移行期に作られた時代相を反映した展開となっていることが明らかになった。最後に、これまで明治22年熊本地震が歴史の中に埋没してきたのは、かような「数え歌」等の記憶装置が忘却されたことが要因であろうと指摘した
[025]ICER Newsletter
No full text「大学ICTのきょうと明日」を考える:大学ICT推進協議会2016年度年次大会参加記[谷澤亜里助教] / Q-Conference2016参加報告[森敦也(テクニカルスタッフ)] / VR・ARを利用した鴻臚館でのフィールドワーク[金子晃介准教授(協力教員)] / 2D/3D教材開発システムの紹介:vol.2[岡田義広教授(教材開発センター長)] / 九州大学のMOOC情報にアクセスしよう![安西弥生(准教授)] / FD電子教材著作権講習会を開催しました[河野由起子(テクニカルスタッフ)
Early Modern Hawking Grounds and the Environment : A Case Study on Fukuoka Han in Japan
No full textはじめに 1.福岡藩成立期の鷹場と環境 2.諸鳥保護の具体例 3.藩主の遊猟と鷹匠 おわりに本稿の目的は、近世の日本列島において広範に設置されていた鷹場と環境の関係を指摘することにある。古代以来、日本では鷹狩文化が継承され、16～19世紀半ばの近世日本でも領主階級は鷹場を設置し、法令によって鷹場内における資源を管理してきた。その目的は領主の儀礼や狩猟行為を維持するためという領主的契機であり、必ずしも環境保全という意識のもとにあったわけではない。しかし、鷹場において領主階級に制限されて日常的に営まれた小規模な狩の一方で、数十年に1度行われる大規模な狩が増殖した生物の個体数を激減させるという循環構造があり、そのもとで江戸時代の鷹を頂点とする生態系が維持され、人と環境は調和的に共存していたのである。よって、鷹場を庇護してきた幕藩体制が崩壊したことにより、鷹場文化を維持する政治的・社会的インフラが喪失したことが、その後の環境破壊に与えた要因とみなされる。近代化過程の歴史にこの問題を位置づけるべきためには、まず日本列島における近世鷹場と環境の相互関係を歴史的に解明すべきことを提言したい。そこで、福岡藩を事例に鷹場と環境の関係を概観し、今後の研究課題を整理したい。The purpose of this study is to indicate the relationship between hawking grounds (Takab) and the environment of Japan in early modern period. Falcony and Hawking culture had continued since antiquity in Japan. The lord class established Takaba system and hawking grounds were set in over wide-spread during Edo period (1600-1867). Environmental resources had been managed for a long time under various lows. The purpose was lord-like opportunity which maintain lord’s courtesy and hunting act and it wasn’t under the consciousness as environment protection. But, hunting was restricted to the lord class in hawking grounds and there was circular structure which small-scaled hunting were carried on daily and large-scaled one was performed once per tens of years and it made the natural habitat of many birds and animals destroyed and multiplied animals were decreased sharply. The ecosystem in the Edo period was maintained by such as hawking system. Man and the environment had been coexisted with harmony. Therefore the shogunate and Load\u27s hawking system which hawking grounds has been protected was rotted by Meiji restoration, political and social infrastructure which maintains Falconry and Hawking culture were lost. I want to suggest that environmental destruction of the modernization process in Japan should be placed the factor as the loss of Hawking system. So, I’d like to survey the relation between Hawking grounds and Environment in the case of Fukuoka Han and put tasks for future research
憲法変動の理論のために : 現代フランス憲法が提供する事例を用いて
No full text１ 憲法変動とは何か
２ フランス憲法史の実例その１（第三共和政期）
３ フランス憲法史の実例その２（第五共和政期）
４ 動態的な憲法理解の可能性
（付）秋季研究総会シンポジウムのまと
Low temperature nullifies the circadian clock in cyanobacteria through Hopf bifurcation
No full textCold temperatures lead to nullification of circadian rhythms in many organisms. Two typical scenarios explain the disappearance of rhythmicity: the first is oscillation death, which is the transition from self-sustained oscillation to damped oscillation that occurs at a critical temperature. The second scenario is oscillation arrest, in which oscillation terminates at a certain phase. In the field of nonlinear dynamics, these mechanisms are called the Hopf bifurcation and the saddle-node on an invariant circle bifurcation, respectively. Although these mechanisms lead to distinct dynamical properties near the critical temperature, it is unclear to which scenario the circadian clock belongs. Here we reduced the temperature to dampen the reconstituted circadian rhythm of phosphorylation of the recombinant cyanobacterial clock protein KaiC. The data led us to conclude that Hopf bifurcation occurred at ∼19 °C. Below this critical temperature, the self-sustained rhythms of KaiC phosphorylation transformed to damped oscillations, which are predicted by the Hopf bifurcation theory. Moreover, we detected resonant oscillations below the critical temperature when temperature was periodically varied, which was reproduced by numerical simulations. Our findings suggest that the transition to a damped oscillation through Hopf bifurcation contributes to maintaining the circadian rhythm of cyanobacteria through resonance at cold temperatures