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A Review of Social Network Studies for International Students in Japan
No full textThe construction of friendship networks is closely related to intercultural adaption for international students, and has become an important topic with the increase of international students in Japan. The purpose of this study is to clarify the current state of affairs and identify potential future trends in relation to the friendship networks made by international students in Japan through discussing prior studies into the functional model of friendship patterns, friendship networks and factors that influence friendship networks. The results show that functional models of friendship patterns vary depending on, amongst other considerations, the nationality of international students, nationality of their friends, and study abroad destination. Moreover, there are various factors that influence friendship networks; it is not only related to international students themselves, but also the host country where the students stay. Based on the findings, recommendations have been made for future studies concerning research objectives, classification of objectives and research methods
A Study on Japanese Songs of the“ Shogaku-Shokashu” in Comparison to the English Originals②
No full textIn 1872, the Japanese government in the Meiji era（1868 ～ 1912）promulgated school education policies known as “gakusei” （学制）. In these policies, the subject of music was established as “shoka-ka”（a department of shoka）. “Shoka” took on a role of moral education and helped to construct a national identity in the Meiji era. In early Meiji, the Japanese government actively pursued research into Western music and music education ahead of infrastructure development and economic policies. The music education research institution in the Ministry of Education, “Ongaku-Torishirabe-Gakari,”（音楽取調掛1879 ～ 1887）integrated educational contents, which featured worship to “tenno”（the Emperor of Japan）, into the lyrics of “shoka” songs. “Shoka” songs that are based on foreign songs and keep the same melodies as the originals, such as “Hotaru no hikari,”（蛍の光） are called “honyaku shoka”（translated school songs）. However, they are not verbatim translations, and there are many adaptations of these songs. The national image in the Meiji era can be analyzed by comparing “shoka” with their original counterparts. However, as of yet there are no studies based on this method of “shoka” analysis. This paper aims to address the abovementioned matters by examining the songs of the “Shogaku-Shokashu” （小学唱歌集） and comparing the translations to the original English texts
Usage of Japanese “unmarked” potential expressions by Chinese learners of Japanese
No full textThis paper reports on the use of Japanese “unmarked” potential expressions by Chinese learners of Japanese from three perspectives : learning environment, learning history and Japanese proficiency. The following conclusions were drawn. First, the usage tendency of learners in a second language environment is closer to that of a Japanese native speaker than learners in a foreign language environment. Second, while Japanese native speakers frequently use “unmarked” potential expressions in non-volitional intransitive verbs, it is clear that Chinese learners often use marked potential expressions for Type 7 （result-potential expression） non-volitional intransitive verbs. Third, the form “non-volitional intransitive verb + marked potential expressions” found in words such as “de-rare-（nai）（出られ（ない））” tends to be used by Chinese learners, even though Japanese native speakers don’ t employ it at all. This paper also investigates the use of “unmarked” potential expressions with regards to the “Japanese learning history” and “Japanese proficiency” of Chinese learners of Japanese in a foreign language environment. As the amount of time spent studying Japanese increases and language proficiency improves, the rate of using “unmarked” potential expressions increase for some non-volitional intransitive verbs, such as Type 5（natural phenomenon） and Type 8（perceive ability）. Conversely, the same pattern were not evident for non-volitional intransitive verbs such as Type 6（human condition） and Type 7（result-potential expression）. There are also cases of regression in the use of “unmarked” potential expressions for some learner groups, such as people who have 3 years of language learning experience, as well as those studying who have acquired mid-level linguistic ability（N2）
He Has Misunderstood David Ricardo : The Case of Douglas A. Irwin
No full text序説. 問題の所在と課題限定 1節. サムエルソンの大誤解 2節. アーウィン見解の批判 3節. マルクスの二重の視点 4節. アーウィン対リカード 5節. リカードの労働価値論 6節. リカード貿易論の核心 補節. リカード貿易論お諸
Quotations in Das Kapital from Shakespeare : Karl Marx’s Use of the Terminology of Dramatic Criticism
No full text（1）沙翁＝シェイクスピア / （2）沙翁愛好家・マルクス / （3）英国のマルクス沙翁論 / （4）日本のマルクス沙翁論 / （5）沙翁学者のマルクス論 / （6）クィド・プロ・クオ
Heather Blair. Real and Imagined : The Peak of Gold in Heian Japan. Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Asia Center, 2015
No full textAizawa Seishisai’s Accommodation of Western Culture : Resistance and Acceptance
No full textThis paper examines Aizawa Seishisai\u27s interpretation of Western natural sciences, government systems, and religion, and discusses his assertion that introducing military technologies, under the assumption that the acceptance of Western culture in the Later Mitogaku represented a wider pattern of approval. A representative of Later Mitogaku, Aizawa Seishisai asserted with conviction that there was a difference between li, “law in nature including cosmological principle” in Confucianism and the principle of Western natural sciences. He regarded Western achievements and advanced technology in natural sciences as a tool, without actually interrogating the principles behind natural sciences. In other words, he merely attached importance to the technology of practicability. As the brains behind Tokugawa Nariaki, a Japanese daimyo who ruled the Mito domain, Aizawa Seishisai had the ruler\u27s ear on topics such as the introduction of military technology, prohibition against Western study and Christianity. His notion of western study and attitude towards western culture had an influence on Tokugawa Nariaki. Above all, his thought about Western culture were reflected in the reformation of the Mito domain, and he had an influence on the bakufu through the propositions that Tokugawa Nariaki would put forward. This pattern of Aizawa Seishisai’ s pragmatic acceptance of western culture, had an influence on the concept of wakonyosai, “Japanese spirit combined with Western learning” and the treatment of Western culture in the process of bunmei-kaika, “Japan\u27s civilization and Westernization” from the Meiji period on, which is the period in which we will pay attention to the differences between kyūri, “study of natural laws and social ethics” in Confucianism and the principle of western natural sciences
Practice of “Support” to non-Regular Teachers in Schools : Focusing on the Concept of “Support”
No full textⅠ.課題設定 Ⅱ.「支援」概念の整理 Ⅲ.学校現場による「支援」 Ⅳ.まとめにかえて : 人事行政の課
