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From Start to Stardom: The Impact of Resource Allocation Strategies on New Venture Survival and Growth
Full text linkAn enduring question in the survival and growth of new ventures literature is why some start-ups secure survival while others fail, and why certain nascent firms achieve rapid growth in the ensuing years while many stagnate. This study investigates how conservative and aggressive resource allocation strategies impact these outcomes. By analyzing 44,559 firm-year observations in Italy from 2011 to 2019, we find that the more aggressive the resource allocation strategies—i.e., allocating a larger share of total assets to non-financial resources—the greater the likelihood of survival in the early phase. The same holds true during the growth phase, where ventures that continue adopting aggressive resource allocation strategies significantly increase their chances of becoming high-growth firms. Additional analysis highlights the critical role of plant, property, and equipment in influencing these outcomes. We also demonstrate that past resource allocation strategies exert a path-dependence effect. This underscores the importance of early-stage decisions in shaping a venture’s long-term growth trajectory, as the more aggressive the resource allocation during the survival phase, the higher the likelihood of transitioning into a high-growth firm in later stages
A coregulatory influence map of glioblastoma heterogeneity and plasticity
Get PDFWe present GBM-cRegMap, an online resource providing a comprehensive coregulatory influence network perspective on glioblastoma (GBM) heterogeneity and plasticity. Using representation learning algorithms, we derived two components of this resource: GBM-CoRegNet, a highly specific coregulatory network of tumor cells, and GBM-CoRegMap, a unified network influence map based on 1612 tumors from 16 studies. As a widely applicable closed-loop system connecting cellular models and tumors, GBM-cRegMap will provide the GBM research community with an easy-to-use web tool ( https://gbm.cregmap.com ) that maps any existing or newly generated transcriptomic "query" data to a reference coregulatory network and a large-scale manifold of disease heterogeneity. Using GBM-cRegMap, we demonstrated the synergy between the two components by refining the molecular classification of GBM, identifying potential key regulators, and aligning the transcriptional profiles of tumors and in vitro models. Through the amalgamation of a vast dataset, we validated the proneural (PN)-mesenchymal (MES) axis and identified three subclasses of classical (CL) tumors: astrocyte-like (CL-A), epithelial basal-like (CL-B), and cilium-rich (CL-C). We revealed the CL-C subclass, an intermediate state demonstrating the plasticity of GBM cells along the PN-MES axis under chemotherapy. We identified key regulators, such as PAX8, and NKX2.5, potentially involved in temozolomide (TMZ) resistance. Notably, NKX2.5, more expressed in higher-grade gliomas, negatively impacts patient survival, and regulates genes involved in glucose metabolism
Retranslation and Socio- Cultural Changes
No full textThis book investigates the connections between retranslation and the great sociocultural
changes that occurred in Western cultures in the last two centuries.
The collected essays address issues such as literary reception, the renewal of
literary canons, readers’ expectations and tastes, the transformation of aesthetic
parameters and linguistic standards, the changing status of translators and the
position of translated texts in the target polysystems.
The volume relies on a range of approaches and methodologies, including
the reconstruction of publishing history, reception and the canon, and the
examination of texts and paratexts. It offers an original perspective on the
methods, purposes and reasons for retranslation, underlining the historical
dimension of a practice that has always been linked to the transformations of
the target cultures and ways of approaching foreignness
Acid-assisted hydration of a membrane electrode assembly to enhance the performance and stability of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis
No full textThe membrane electrode assembly (MEA) used in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) must be conditioned before operation. However, conventional hydration-based conditioning methods are time-consuming and energy-intensive. These methods do not entirely condition the MEA and can induce an uneven stress distribution in the catalyst layer (CL) surface, deteriorating the operational stability. In this study, an efficient acid-assisted conditioning method for MEA is introduced to enhance the performance and stability of PEMWE. Subjecting an MEA to optimized acid-assisted hydration produces a substantially higher current density (by up to 19.9 %) than that of conventional MEA—surpassing the 2025 technical target set by the U.S. Department of Energy of 3.0 A cm−2 at 1.90 V. Acid-assisted hydration minimizes mass transfer losses by improving the proton conductivity and hydrophilicity of the anode CL via modulation of the aggregation state of the ionomer in the CL. The enhanced proton conductivity and hydration of the proton exchange membrane reduces the ohmic loss. The proposed approach also enhances the PEMWE stability, which is attributed to the uniform stress distribution on the CL surface of the acid-conditioned MEA. A short, energy- and cost-efficient, and practical conditioning protocol for PEMWE is provided in this study
Softening of elastic and viscoelastic properties is independent of overstretch rate in cerebral arteries
No full textCollagenous soft tissues are frequently injured by supraphysiologic mechanical deformation, leading to measurable changes in both extra-cellular matrix (ECM) structure and mechanical properties. While each of these alterations has been well studied following quasi-static deformation, little is known about the influence of high strain rate. Previous investigations of high-rate ECM alterations found tropocollagen denaturation and fibrillar kinking to be rate dependent. Given these observations of rate dependence in microstructure alterations, the present work evaluated if the rate and magnitude of overstretch affect the baseline viscoelastic properties of porcine middle cerebral arteries (MCAs). Changes in tissue response were assessed using a series of harmonic oscillations before and after sub-failure overstretches across a large range of rates and magnitudes. We used collagen-hybridizing peptide (CHP) to evaluate the role of tropocollagen denaturation in mechanical softening. Experiments show that softening is dependent on overstretch magnitude but is independent of overstretch rate. We also note that softening progresses at the same rate for both equilibrium (quasi-static) and non-equilibrium (high-rate) properties. Finally, results suggest that tropocollagen denaturation is not the source of the observed sub-yield softening behavior. This study expands fundamental knowledge on the form-function relationship of constituents in collagen fibrils and clarifies material behavior following sub-failure overstretch across a range of strain rates
Pulsed field ablation in the elderly by a pentaspline multielectrode catheter: Safety, efficacy, and comparison with cryoballoon and radiofrequency devices
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