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Research trends in pedestrian safety: topics, methodologies, techniques, and data insights
No full textThis research has been carried out to make a thorough examination of the existing literature on the subject of pedestrian safety, more in detail on the construction of vulnerability curves. Emphasis was placed on key methodologies such as impact testing, finite element modelling, and predictive analysis needed to define risk mitigation measures for vulnerable road users, particularly in research such as pedestrians. Pedestrian safety has become an increasingly important area of research in recent decades, due to the increase in accidents where pedestrians are injured and/or die, especially as regards the urban environment. Understanding the main factors that influence accidents involving pediatricians is therefore essential to define mitigations to reduce this problem, which today has an increasing impact. The consultation of 93 key studies aims to highlight the latest advances in pedestrian safety research, assessing innovations to be undertaken in vehicle design, urban planning, and policy development
Optimal decay of eigenvector overlap for non-Hermitian random matrices
Full text linkWe consider the standard overlap Oij:=〈rj,ri〉〈lj,li〉 of any bi-orthogonal family of left and right eigenvectors of a large random matrix X with centred i.i.d. entries and we prove that it decays as an inverse second power of the distance between the corresponding eigenvalues. This extends similar results for the complex Gaussian ensemble from Bourgade and Dubach [15], as well as Benaych-Georges and Zeitouni [13], to any i.i.d. matrix ensemble in both symmetry classes. As a main tool, we prove a two-resolvent local law for the Hermitisation of X uniformly in the spectrum with optimal decay rate and optimal dependence on the density near the spectral edge
Rights, Freedom, Equality, Security: Open Questions. For an Appeal to European Legal Science
No full textSocietà frammentata e traiettorie educative: disuguaglianze, giustizia sociale e intelligenza artificiale
No full textEnergy modelling challenges for the full decarbonisation of hard-to-abate sectors
Full text linkMany Countries have set extremely ambitious targets to speed up the energy transition and reach zero emission by 2050. This has gained even more important motifs in light of the recent geo-political events and the energy crisis that have been shaking the world balance and messing with the energy agendas of many Countries, especially those with a high reliance on imported fossil fuels. Thus, it has become ever more important to find solutions for the decarbonisation of every economic sector including also the “hard-to-abate” ones. Different solutions have been identified for the decarbonisation of such sectors that for their heterogeneity and specific requirements need sometimes unique technologies. Most proposed solutions entails a tighter connection to the power system either through direct or indirect electrification. This research wants to shade light on the most promising technologies, their impact and potential synergies with the entire energy system thus supporting Sustainable Development Goals 7, 8, 9 and 13. Furthermore, this review also discuss how the decarbonisation of hard-to-abate sectors is analysed in energy system modelling for energy planning purposes, what are the most used approaches and what each of them entails, critically discussing and analysing the main challenges while offering potential solutions to tackle them
Search for single-production of vector-like quarks decaying into Wb in the fully hadronic final state in pp collisions at = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
No full textA search for T and Y vector-like quarks produced in proton-proton collisions at
a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and decaying into Wb in the fully hadronic final state is
presented. The search uses 139 fb−1 of data collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC
from 2015 to 2018. The final state is characterised by a hadronically decaying W boson with
large Lorentz boost and a b-tagged jet, which are used to reconstruct the invariant mass of
the vector-like quark candidate. The main background is QCD multijet production, which
is estimated using a data-driven method. Upon finding no significant excess in data, mass
limits at 95% confidence level are obtained as a function of the global coupling parameter,
κ. The observed lower limits on the masses of Y quarks with κ = 0.5 and κ = 0.7 are
2.0 TeV and 2.4 TeV, respectively. For T quarks, the observed mass limits are 1.4 TeV for
κ = 0.5 and 1.9 TeV for κ = 0.7
Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound induces multifaced alterations in chromosome segregation, cytoskeletal filaments and cell junctions
Full text linkLow-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a widely used non-invasive approach with therapeutic purposes since it provides physical stimulation with minimal thermal effects. The skin epithelium is the first barrier of the human body that interfaces with LIPUS and is subjected to the highest intensity. Little is known about the impact of LIPUS on the skin surface. This work investigates the biological effects of one-hour exposure to 1 MHz LIPUS on human keratinocytes HaCaT and tumoral SK-MEL-28 skin cells. Specifically, we evaluated the cellular state immediately after LIPUS treatment by analyzing cytogenetic endpoints and the response of cytoskeleton and cell junction proteins. Herein we demonstrate that LIPUS induces genomic damage as shown by an increase of chromosome malsegregation and a consequent decrease of cellular proliferation. The mechanical stimulus produced by LIPUS is also transmitted to the cytoskeletal compartment, inducing the expression and re-organization of junction proteins (i.e., E-cadherin and Desmosomes) and intermediate filaments (i.e., F-actin and Cytokeratins) with impact on cell morphology and cell adhesion. These in vitro results highlight the different outcomes following the cytogenetic damage and the resilience response exerted by the cytoskeleton upon mechanical stress, laying the foundation for future in vivo investigations
