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Agglomeration Economies in Social Economy Clusters: The Role of Networks
No full textThe social economy is an economic framework that prioritizes social value over profit, emphasizing cooperation, solidarity, and community-based solutions to the failures of neoliberal market systems. In East Asia, the development of the social economy is often government-led, raising concerns about resource dependency and the long-term sustainability of Social Economy Organizations (SEOs). This dissertation investigates how network structures and diversity within a policy-driven social innovation cluster shape SEO survival, and how agglomeration economies operate differently compared to conventional industrial clusters. The case of Seoul Innovation Park (SI Park) in South Korea provides the empirical basis for the analysis.
A mixed-methods approach was employed. First, quantitative analysis using Social Network Analysis (SNA) and quadratic logistic regression was used to examine the structure and diversity of inter-organizational networks from 2015 to 2020 and test their effects on SEO survival by 2024. Sectoral diversity was found to positively influence survival, while field diversity showed a negative effect, and regional diversity followed a curvilinear pattern. Despite theoretical expectations, intermediary organizations showed no statistically significant moderating effect. Second, qualitative case study methods were used to explore how agglomeration economies manifest in social economy clusters. Unlike market-based industrial clusters, agglomeration benefits in SI Park were driven by value-based trust, collaborative infrastructure, and practice-based learning, but these were constrained by governance gaps and conceptual ambiguities surrounding social innovation
Working Paper No. 100, Social Realism and Socialist Realism
No full textThis inquiry sees to establish that as a genre, “social realism” reflected values of the American system of market capitalism out of which this art style emerged. During the same timeframe, what has been categorized as “socialist realism” reflected values of the Soviet system out of which this art style also arose. The “Great Depression” that dogged the American economy and society through the 1930s, as well as the “Iron Fist” rule characteristic of Joseph Stalin’s heavy industrialization drive for Soviet Russia, appears to have promoted and shaped these two distinct but similar art styles under consideration, as responses to the respective national challenges. With its “New Deal,” Franklin Roosevelt’s administration advanced policies that sought to render art as integral to economic relief through providing employment and offering paid work for selected artists, with their artwork intended to foster national strength for the artists as well as the viewing citizenry. Meanwhile under Stalin’s leadership, the Soviet Union relied upon “socialist realism” as a medium and genre, seeking to convince and extol to the Soviet citizenry⎯and the world at large⎯the loftier ideals of their order. The comparable approaches of “social realism” and “socialist realism” serve as enduring legacies, depicting how art might get intertwined with national politics and used for the extolling of systemic values
Overcoming Challenges in Mapping Hydrography and Heterogeneity in Urban Landscapes
No full textUnderstanding how water moves through a watershed is one of the most fundamental yet often complicated aspects of hydrology, especially in urban areas. Urban infrastructure and water management alter natural hydrological pathways in developed watersheds, which can violate assumptions of a watershed approach to ecosystem science. We focus on two aspects of urban landscapes that often create challenges to model watershed processes within and among urban areas: (1) accurate delineation of urban flow paths and (2) consistent characterisation of the urban landscape within and among cities. Here, we describe these challenges and identify how certain components of these challenges can be addressed, highlighting examples and lessons learned in a project that is assessing scales and drivers of variability in dissolved organic carbon across five urban centres in the United States. Our goal is to facilitate a dialogue that will advance the applications of watershed approaches in urban ecosystem science by recognising and addressing these challenges. Our examples focus on the United States but could be applicable to similar urban challenges in other locations globally
Strengthening Connections: A Randomized Controlled Trial Examining the Impact of a Supervisor Support Intervention on Loneliness and Military Couple Relationships
No full textSocial connection has been declining across the general population (i.e., the “loneliness epidemic”), though some groups, including military personnel, are experiencing particularly high rates. This has led to calls for a multilevel national strategy, including workplaces, to build social connection (U.S. Surgeon General, 2023). To answer this call, the present study draws on the wise intervention approach (Walton, 2014), multidimensional model of social connection (Holt-Lunstad, 2022), and models of the bidirectional relationship between sleep health and relationship functioning (Gordon et al., 2017; Troxel et al., 2007), to deliver a workplace intervention that builds social connection for military employees and their romantic partners ( N = 360 couples), using a cluster randomized controlled trial. The workplace intervention, combining supportive supervisor training (for family and sleep health) with personalized sleep feedback for employees, was found to improve social connection for both partners in the treatment group compared to the control group. Specifically, employees and romantic partners reported lower loneliness, and employees reported higher perceived partner responsiveness. We also investigated potential mechanisms of intervention effects, though significant indirect effects were not detected. Broadly, this work contributes to the loneliness intervention literature by demonstrating the efficacy of cultivating social support through one’s workplace supervisor, paired with individual sleep feedback. Clinical trial registry: NCT02946736
Book Review of, Form Follows Fever: Malaria and the Construction of Hong Kong, 1841-1849
No full textBook Review of: Form Follows Fever: Malaria and the Construction of Hong Kong, 1841-1849. By Christopher Cowell. (Shaw Tin, NT., Hong Kong, Chinese University of Hong Kong Press, 2024. 320 pp.
Thermal Regimes of Beaver-Impacted Stream Reaches in the Tualatin River Basin, Oregon, United States
No full textAs beavers are increasingly used in stream restoration, interest in their potential to mitigate stream degradation has grown. However, the impacts of beaver dams on stream temperature remain inconsistent across studies, often due to differences in spatial scale and methodology. We investigated summer thermal regimes at multiple spatial scales in three beaver-impacted streams within the Tualatin River Basin, Oregon, using fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing. Substantial variability in thermal regimes was observed among the three stream reaches and around individual beaver dams within each reach. This variability was primarily influenced by geomorphic changes in stream depth associated with beaver dams and restoration history. The thermal sensitivity of stream temperatures to air temperatures significantly increased across the three sites, following a gradient of increasing time since restoration, beaver activity, and stream depth. Across all sites, stream depth was more strongly correlated with variability in daily maximum temperatures than canopy cover. This was most evident at Fanno Creek, where stream depth explained ~41% of the variability in daily maximum temperatures on August 16, 2023. Reach-scale measurements often masked fine-scale thermal heterogeneity with ecological implications. At the beaver dam scale, significant differences in daily maximum temperature and daily temperature range were observed among upstream, pond, and downstream locations, emphasizing the thermal variability induced by beaver dams over short distances. Our findings demonstrate that thermal regimes in beaver-impacted reaches are shaped by local geomorphic factors and vary with spatial scale, underscoring the importance of multi-scale approaches to assess the thermal effects of beaver activity
Conversations with the Ancestors: Pursuing an Understanding of Klamath Basin Rock Art Through the Use of Myth, the Ethnographic Record, and Local Artistic Conventions
No full textPast archaeological practices have resulted in a distorted history of Native American cultures based upon western-biased research. This has been especially apparent in the rock art of the Klamath Basin in southern Oregon and northern California. In response to this, Native and non-Native scholars are striving to develop a counter-discourse that both challenges and replaces western constructs in research on Native American communities. The result of this approach is a growing trend within the discipline that has come to be called “Indigenous Archaeology.” Critical to this approach is that Native voices are transported from the margins of the research to its center, where they are intended to replace the Western colonialist narrative. Unfortunately, Native American tribal communities have been the targets of federal assimilation policies for the past few centuries, and as a result, much of their cultural knowledge unwittingly carries forward this distorted past. In this paper I explore a framework built upon ethnographic accounts of shamanism and rock art, along with a robust familiarity with local myth, and how this provides a foundation of traditional cultural knowledge against which to compare and evaluate the interpretive statements made in contemporary tribal members about rock art and other sacred material culture
Oregon State Rank Assessment for Split-hair Paintbrush (Castilleja schizotricha)
No full textOregon state conservation status assessment for Split-hair paintbrush (Castilleja schizotricha) using NatureServe methodology, 2025
Panel Discussion: Oregon Coastal Conservation and Development Commission
No full textBob Bailey, Bob Cortright, Onno Husing, Becky Kreag, and Patty Snow were interviewed on May 29, 2025, by Mike Rupp and Hui Rodomsky.
Before the establishment of Oregon’s statewide planning program in 1973, Governor Tom McCall and the 1971 Oregon Legislature enacted Senate Bill 687, creating the Oregon Coastal Conservation and Development Commission.
In this interview, five key participants in Oregon coastal land use planning discuss the contributions made by the Oregon Coastal Conservation and Development Commission to the statewide planning program, and the issues identified by the OCC&DC that led to the creation and adoption of Oregon’s four coastal goals.https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/planoregon_interviews/1077/thumbnail.jp
Developing Workflows for Passive Acoustic Detection of Bedload Transport
No full textBedload transport is defined as the amount of sediment, including gravel and rocks, traveling down stream. Monitoring bedload transport is important for river safety, hydrological studies and conservation efforts. Existing methods of directly measuring bedload transport (or bedload flux) involve lowering a collection device into a river and measuring the sediment collected; which can be expensive and time consuming. Hydroacoustic sensors, such as hydrophones, have had success tracking bedload flux remotely. This works by measuring the relatively high frequency of sediment impacts to map onto total bedload transported. No perfected method for detection of sediment generated noise (SGN) currently exists.
This study involves four investigations into over 700 GB of audio from hydrophones deployed in the North Santiam River. The first paper compares two hydrophones recording at different sampling rates. The second paper uses supervised machine learning to detect rainfall from the acoustic recordings. The third paper utilizes state of the art techniques in SGN detection to approximate the minimum sampling rate and bit depth necessary for accurate bedload estimation. The final paper develops a novel workflow utilizing audio suppression techniques and unsupervised machine learning to cluster potentially SGN related impulses before identifying them via secondary characteristics