37200 research outputs found
Sort by
On The Ordinariness Of Murdering The Black Psyque And Flesh: Antiblackness In Educational Policy And Practice In Brazil, Colombia And Ecuador
Get PDFThis paper seeks to understand how anti-blackness has manifested in Brazilian, Colombian and Ecuadorian education based on analyzes of the education of ethnic-racial relations in these three countries. We start from the recognition of dynamics of violence that position Black people as socially dead (PATTERSON, 1982) in the afterlife of slavery (HARTMAN, 2007). Next, we analyze aspects of education and legal apparatus regarding ethnic-racial relations within education. We conclude that the lens of antiblackness (SHARPE, 2016; WILDERSON, 2010; VARGAS, 2020) in education advances analysis of the antagonistic and paradigmatic relationship that positions Black people as a problem and uneducable (DUMAS, 2016; ross, 2021). Keywords: education of ethnic-racial relations; anti-blackness; Amefricanity; the afterlife of slavery.
Este artigo busca compreender como a antinegritude tem se manifestado na educação brasileira, colombiana e equatoriana a partir de análises sobre a educação das relações étnico-raciais nesses três países. Partimos do reconhecimento de dinâmicas de violência que posicionam pessoas negras como socialmente mortas (PATTERSON, 1982) na sobrevida da escravidão (HARTMAN, 2007). Em seguida, analisamos aspectos sobre a educação e as legislações voltadas para a educação das relações étnico-raciais. Concluímos que a lente da antinegritude (SHARPE, 2016; WILDERSON, 2010; VARGAS, 2020) na educação avança em análises sobre a relação antagônica e paradigmática que posiciona pessoas negras como um problema e ineducáveis (DUMAS, 2016; ross, 2021). Palavras-chave: educação das relações étnico-raciais; antinegritude; amefricanidade; sobrevida da escravidão
Static Reflective Surfaces for Improved Terahertz Coverage
Get PDFLoS (Line of Sight) MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) is considered the best way to deliver high capacity channels for terahertz communications due to the severe attenuation suffered by reflected components. Unfortunately, terahertz links are easily blocked by any obstruction resulting in link breakage. Therefore, it is necessary to provide alternative paths via reflectors. A problem shared by LoS paths and reflected paths (via polished reflectors) is that the channel matrix is rank 1 in the far-field. As a result, the achieved capacity is lower than what can theoretically be achieved in a rich multi-path environment. In this work, we simultaneously solve the channel rank problem and the coverage problem by using static reflective surfaces which provide limited scattering of the incident signal in a way that minimizes signal loss but provides multiple paths to the receiver with varying phase. We construct such a surface and characterize the received signal using a terahertz testbed. We show that using our surface, we can improve channel capacity for 2x2 LoS MIMO. We also develop a theoretical model for the received signal and show that the reflected capacity matches the measured capacity well
Deep Adaptive Graph Clustering via Von Mises-Fisher Distributions
Get PDFGraph clustering has been a hot research topic and is widely used in many fields, such as community detection in social networks. Lots of works combining auto-encoder and graph neural networks have been applied to clustering tasks by utilizing node attributes and graph structure. These works usually assumed the inherent parameters (i.e., size and variance) of different clusters in the latent embedding space are homogeneous, and hence the assigned probability is monotonous over the Euclidean distance between node embeddings and centroids. Unfortunately, this assumption usually does not hold since the size and concentration of different clusters can be quite different, which limits the clustering accuracy. In addition, the node embeddings in deep graph clustering methods are usually L2 normalized so that it lies on the surface of a unit hyper-sphere. To solve this problem, we proposed Deep Adaptive Graph Clustering via von Mises-Fisher distributions, namely DAGC. DAGC assumes the node embeddings H can be drawn from a von Mises-Fisher distribution and each cluster k is associated with cluster inherent parameters ρk which includes cluster center μ and cluster cohesion degree κ. Then we adopt an EM-like approach (i.e., (H|ρ) and (ρ|H), respectively) to learn the embedding and cluster inherent parameters alternately. Specifically, with the node embeddings, we proposed to update the cluster centers in an attraction-repulsion manner to make the cluster centers more separable. And given the cluster inherent parameters, a likelihood-based loss is proposed to make node embeddings more concentrated around cluster centers. Thus, DAGC can simultaneously improve the intra-cluster compactness and inter-cluster heterogeneity. Finally, extensive experiments conducted on four benchmark datasets have demonstrated that the proposed DAGC consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, especially on imbalanced datasets
Learning Nonparametric Ordinary Differential Equations from Noisy Data
Get PDFLearning nonparametric systems of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) from noisy data is an emerging machine learning topic. We use the well-developed theory of Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces (RKHS) to define candidates for for which the solution of the ODE exists and is unique. Learning consists of solving a constrained optimization problem in an RKHS. We propose a penalty method that iteratively uses the Representer theorem and Euler approximations to provide a numerical solution. We prove a generalization bound for the distance between and its estimator. Experiments are provided for the FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillator, the Lorenz system, and for predicting the Amyloid level in the cortex of aging subjects. In all cases, we show competitive results compared with the state-of-the-art
Impact of Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement on Pain and Disability in Patients With Chronic Lumbosacral Radiculopathy: Results From an RCT
Get PDFLumbosacral Radiculopathy (LR), also known as sciatica, is a common type of radiating neurologic pain in the lower extremities with an estimated lifetime prevalence as high as 43%. The goal of this randomized control trial was to determine the impact of virtually delivered Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) on patients with LR. Participants were randomized to MORE sessions or treatment-as-usual (TAU) for 8 consecutive weeks, pain intensity was collected daily via email. At baseline and follow-up visits, participants completed questionnaires of disability, quality of life, depression, mindful interpretation of pain, and train mindfulness. Patients undergoing MORE sessions had greater improvement in daily pain intensity (P=0.002) but not disability (P=0.09). Given the long duration of symptoms in our sample, the discrepancy between changes in daily pain and disability could be due to fear avoidance behavior common in those experiencing chronic pain. As the first trial of mindfulness intervention for patients with LR, these findings should inform future integrative approaches to chronic pain conditions
Beavers Beyond Boundaries: Perceptions of Beaver-Related Restoration
Get PDFThe study Beavers Beyond Boundaries: Perceptions of Beaver-Related Restoration conducted by Matt Guziejka and Heejun Chang from the WISE Lab, Department of Geography at Portland State University, delves into the social, cultural, and environmental dimensions of Beaver-Related Restoration (BRR) within the urban setting of the Tualatin River watershed. Utilizing a voluntary survey with 187 participants across three urban watershed sites, the research aimed to analyze community perceptions concerning beavers and their impact on the environment, particularly in relation to their proximity to watercourses. Findings indicate that proximity significantly affects attitudes towards beavers, with those living closer to watercourses demonstrating more positive perceptions and a stronger inclination towards supporting beaver reintroduction. The study underscores the pivotal role of community engagement and targeted educational initiatives in fostering sustainable coexistence between urban populations and beaver populations, contributing valuable insights for the formulation of effective beaver management strategies in urban watersheds. This research was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey and funded by The Tualatin River Environmental Enhancement Grant (TREE), highlighting a collaborative effort to address the complexities of wildlife restoration in urban environments
The Longitudinal Relationship Between Socioeconomic Status, Child Separation Anxiety Symptoms, and School Achievement in 1st Grade
Get PDFThis informative poster highlights a study examining the association between child separation anxiety disorder (SAD) and school achievement, considering socioeconomic status (SES) and perceived financial stress. Data came from the Early Growth and Development Study (EGDS). Data from the kindergarten (age 6) and 1st grade (age 7) assessments in the adoptive families (N=360 adoptive triads) were analyzed.
By controlling for parent’s income, financial stress, child’s gender and by measuring children at two time points (6 and 7 years), our study aims to identify the specific contribution of separation anxiety on academic achievement, enhancing our understanding of this critical issue. Overall, this work pushes the boundaries of knowledge in the field, shedding light on the complex interplay between family dynamics and child development.
The results reveal that kindergarten SAD can be a significant risk factor for lower 1st-grade school achievement.
The implications for policies are twofold: (1) provide increased support for parents and caregivers to strengthen early relationships with their children; (2) schools should implement strategies to address SAD, providing a nurturing environment that fosters success and well-being for all students. Investing in such strategies ensures positive outcomes, enabling every child to thrive
YouTube Video Essays as Critical Remixed Scholarship
Get PDFYouTube videos have contributed primary and supplementary instructional materials to traditional classrooms since the 2010s (Sylvia & Moody, 2022). These internet-native materials are more successful than their traditional counterparts due to their recontextualization which melds dissemination with the semiotic landscape of web 2.0 culture.
Preferential treatment towards long-form, research-based content has facilitated the development of the YouTube video essay format: a grassroots practice that unapologetically embeds identity, pop culture, and humor with rigorous scholarly praxis and remediation of major elements of academic discourse (Davis, 2022). Videos of this type regularly reach “audiences which may rival or dwarf the enrollment of [...] the largest of universities” (Davis, 2022, p. 16).
This presentation draws on a blend of journalistic and academic sources to establish the context of the emerging format. It then employs The New London Group’s model of Design (1996) to descriptively analyze 6 essays, answering the following question:
What are salient features that emerge in this practice, and what role do they play in the recontextualization of academic knowledge?
Influenced by the performative research paradigm (Haseman, 2006) and multiliteracies pedagogy (The New London Group, 1996), this work illustrates web 2.0’s affordances as a site for the democratization of academic knowledge
Work and Psychological Recovery Experiences of Asian American and Pacific Island Workers in Higher Education
Get PDFIndividuals from Asian, Asian American, and Pacific Islander (AAPI) backgrounds constitute the largest and fastest-growing minority group in the U.S. job market - comprising 6.7% of the U.S. population and expected to reach 15% by 2065 (United States Census Bureau, 2022). Despite their rapid growth, there has been a scarcity of literature in industrial-organizational psychology, with limited research on how AAPI workers engage in psychological recovery after work. This is a critical, yet unexplored area as previous research on psychological recovery from work has been investigated with homogenous White samples. Additionally, AAPI workers play integral roles in the U.S. higher education sector serving as educators, researchers, and administrators. The current study uses a qualitative approach (i.e., one-hour semi-structured interviews) to investigate the phenomenon of psychological recovery from work and how cultural values play a role in work and non-work time. Nine AAPI employees from a large, public university with an Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-Serving Institution (AANAPISI) designation in the Pacific Northwest were interviewed. Themes derived from these semi-structured interviews included competing cultural values, experiences of microaggression, and perceptions of work recovery
Evaluation of US Immigration Policies for Technology Professionals
No full textThe U.S. Immigration System is complex for technology professionals seeking to relocate to the United States for employment or education. The United States relies on its employment-based immigration to attract and select the best talent to fill the shortage of skilled jobs. Technology professionals, a stream of highly skilled immigrants, tend to contribute and be more beneficial to the U.S. economy, which is one of the principles of U.S. immigration policies. Although U.S. immigration policies are constantly updating, policymakers, experts, and scholars suggest that the United States needs significant immigration reform to solve current issues, such as improving technological capabilities to process applications, backlog, paths for permanent residence, numerical limits per visa category, and others.
Therefore, this research aims to develop a Hierarchical Decision Model (HDM) to evaluate U.S. immigration policies for technology professionals. Moreover, this research can guide policymakers to fix current U.S. immigration issues. The research process of this dissertation is organized as follows: (1) a systematic literature review was conducted to identify gaps, research questions, objectives, and an initial four-level HDM. The second level of the model includes five criteria: Technological, Regulatory Landscape, Economic, Political Interpretation & Proposals, and Social. The third level includes twenty-one sub-criteria, and the fourth level includes five alternatives: Permanent Residence and visas H-1B, O-1, F-1 STEM OPT, and L-1. (2) 60 experts working in some vein in U.S. immigration policies participated in this study to validate the HDM criteria, sub-criteria, and alternatives and quantify the HDM criteria, sub-criteria, and alternatives using a pairwise comparison technique to provide their judgment. The last sections of this dissertation include (1) a sensitivity analysis to demonstrate the HDM\u27s flexibility and (2) policy guide recommendations for decision-makers based on the HDM results