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Observing Orobanche Uniflora Parasitism of Four Sedum Species in Relation to Soil Composition
Get PDFSedums are commonly selected for green roof applications due to their horizontal growth, heat and drought tolerance, water-storage capacity, and heat absorption. A potential threat to sedum health is the presence of parasitic Orobanche. Orobanche are a genus of parasitic plants that extract nutrients, water and carbohydrates from its host via root attachments. This study seeks to investigate Orobanche parasitism on the four most abundant sedum species on a Portland State University green roof in relation to soil composition. Four sedum species were propagated in clear plastic compact-disc (CD) cases containing either mineral substrate, Miracle Gro, or a seedling mix, and half were inculcated with Orobanche seeds. Sedum root lengths were observed using a macro photo lens, while Orobanche germination and attachment was observed using a dissecting microscope. Initial results show that Orobanche germination and attachment was ubiquitous in the mineral substrate but minimal in the Miracle Gro, but that sedum species does not impact Orobanche attachment. Maximum Sedum root length was greatest in the seedling mix and lowest in the mineral substrate. Further data collection will focus on the emergence of additional Orobanche attachments, their growth, and the effects their presence and growth has on the different sedums
Intersectionalities of Systematic Barriers Set Upon Underrepresented Students in STEM: Capturing the Potential Benefits of Online Modality
Get PDFThe prevalence of racism and microaggressions in STEM disciplines within colleges presents significant hurdles to the academic success and well-being of underrepresented students. Microaggressions, encompassing subtle biases and stereotyping, have a cumulative impact, inducing heightened stress, diminished motivation, and reduced self-efficacy among minority students, thereby impeding cognitive functioning and hindering academic progress (Ogunyemi et al., 2020). The existence of these negative emotional responses creates a less conducive learning environment for academic achievement. Additionally, structural inequalities within STEM institutions contribute to disparities in resource access, limited mentorship opportunities, and support networks crucial for success in STEM fields (Atkins et al., 2020).
This paper aims to explore the profound effects of racism, microaggressions, and microinsults on the academic experiences and outcomes of underrepresented students in STEM, emphasizing the impact on the student psyche. It underscores the importance of fostering inclusive environments and alternative learning mechanisms, such as online education, through a holistic, culturally responsive, trauma-informed, and equitable lens.
The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of online learning, transforming the educational landscape. This shift, from traditional on-site learning to a hybrid system, has raised questions about its impact on student progress, success, and persistence. Persistence is defined as grade growth, staying in academia, growth in concept retention, and continued desirability of pursuing a career. Does online modality addresses social, economic, and societal barriers often associated with traditional on-site learning? Does online education influence student persistence, perceived effectiveness, growth, and grasp of concepts
Isolation of Gametophytic Selection and Selective Embryo Abortion in \u3ci\u3eMimulus guttatus\u3c/i\u3e
No full textA lack of genomic studies examining gametophytic selection (GS) and selective embryo abortion (SEA)--which occur during the reproduction of angiosperms--leaves questions regarding the adaptive and evolutionary effects of these processes. Analyzing deviations from Mendelian segregation offers an avenue for identifying loci targeted by GS and SEA, and their contributions to purging of genetic load. However, other selective processes such as meiotic drive and cytonuclear interactions, as well as pollen and ovule abortion, can cause distortion. To distinguish the effects of GS and SEA from other causes of distortion, we will perform reciprocal crosses between highly homozygous and highly heterozygous individuals of Mimulus guttatus and conduct pooled sequencing of pollen and seeds. Given that a large fraction of the genome is expressed in pollen and seeds, we expect a large proportion of the genome to exhibit segregation distortion due to GS and SEA
Authority with Procedural Justice: The Establishment and Enforcement of Expectations of Public Trust
Get PDFThis thesis supposes all police officers should exercise authority with procedural justice, where implementation of nationwide procedural justice standards should explicitly prioritize establishing and enforcing expectations of public trust--justitia erga omnes. A qualitative temporal literary argument morally, ethically, socially, and democratically supported by a broad spectrum of criminal justice research, analyzed alongside traumatically racialized experiences, at the intersectionality of five administrations worth of sequent presidential crime policies and earth-shattering junctures in the lives of everyday Americans. Five brief companion analyses follow, exploring overlapping moral and ethical perspectives of dignity, respect, and fairness within contemporary policing in America
Preliminary Reactions for DO3MBn ester Design of Experiments With a Separation Procedure for DO2MBn ester and DO3MBn ester ligand
No full textThe ratio of products resulting from a reaction of cyclen (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane) and benzyl (S)-2-bromopropanoate substituent arm is analyzed in three polar aprotic solvents at varying concentrations of cyclen and temperatures. This is for a future design of experiments procedure to determine the optimal experimental conditions for selective DO3MBn ester production without the use of a protecting group. It was found that the reaction completion time is less than 24 hours at reaction temperatures at or above 50 °C and less than 3 days for reaction temperatures at 30 °C regardless of the cyclen concentrations or equivalents of substituent arm used in this study. Choice of polar aprotic solvent does not appear to matter in terms of reaction completion time, however the use of DMF and DMSO with this reaction resulted in an unknown [M + 44]+ peak observed in the mass spectra for di- and tri-substituted products. Additionally, unexpected behavior was observed surrounding the ratio of products over the first two hours of the reaction, with the ratio of tetra-substituted to tri-substituted product being greater than expected. Included in this study is a separation of DO2MBn ester and DO3MBn ester accomplished using HPLC, with pure 1H NMR spectra for both ligands
Early Detection of Alcohol Related Dementia Across the Lifespan: An Integrative Literature Review for Primary Care Providers
Get PDFIntroduction: Alcohol related dementia (ARD) is a long-term, heterogeneous cognitive impairment that can develop in the course of excessive and prolonged use of alcohol. This integrative literature review evaluated the relevant research, preventative measures, and early detection of brain changes leading to memory impairment as a result of the chronic consumption of alcohol.. Widespread prevention and detection of ARD can be achieved through the support of healthcare professionals in understanding, observing, and catching behavioral patterns ahead of time to properly direct treatment. The risk factors associated with an early diagnosis of dementia include, but are not limited to, abnormal brain changes, cognitive impairment, inability to execute activities of daily living (ADLs), and perform independent functionality.
Methods: This integrative literature review is a critical analysis of the ARD peer reviewed research literature By providing evidence-based conclusions of literature that matched a certain set of criteria can eliminate the need for time-consuming research on literature that may be irrelevant to the topic at hand. Qualitative and quantitative research will be acknowledged and reviewed.
Results: Findings from the peer reviewed literature found between Wernicke’s Encephalopathy, Korsakoff’s syndrome, alcohol related brain damage and alcohol related dementia. The four treatment solution themes identified were : cognitive behavioral therapy, memantine treatment, pharmacological treatment and treatment cycles
Cognitive and Economic Development
Get PDFA burgeoning literature finds that early childhood risk factors have large causal effects on individuals\u27 cognitive development, education and earnings, but has not assessed the impact on the economy as a whole.
Cognitive ability is the foundation of human capital and the capacity to learn. The risk factors for poor cognitive development are very high in many countries. Each risk factor also causes child mortality, making child survival a viable proxy for good cognitive development conditions. The cognitive development of current workers happened decades earlier when they were children, providing a predetermined correlate. Controlling for country characteristics, income levels and worker health among other variables, child survival from a generation ago is one of the strongest correlates of economic growth in both low and high income countries. Unusually clear microeconomic causal evidence together with a strong correlation with economic growth suggests that early cognitive development may play a significant role in economic development
“Sense of Belonging”: Partnering with Central Oregon\u27s Communities to Promote Health and Social Inclusion
Get PDFAbstract:
Community-engaged research can increase local research capacity and create momentum for social change. From research planning to dissemination, partnering with organizations and engaging with community members requires dedicated work and time. Using the Belonging project in Central Oregon as an example, we outline the ‘nuts and bolts’ of a community-engaged research process and highlight how we validated our findings through co-interpretation sessions.
Project
The Belonging project is a collaboration between Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Oregon State University - Cascades, the Central Oregon Health Council, and the Central Oregon communities. The project began [early] 2022 and concluded Feb 2024.
Process
Utilizing OHSU’s Research Liaison Model, we partnered with over 20 individuals from local organizations and interest groups to conceptualize the meaning of ‘Belonging’ to different demographic groups. Applying their definitions and acting on their outreach recommendations, we developed and conducted a survey and seven focus groups to assess the places/spaces contributing to Central Oregonians’ sense of belonging and the identities that facilitate or hinder a sense of belonging. After data collection, we collaborated with community partners and members from the study’s priority populations on five co-interpretation sessions. In these sessions we sought to co-create meaning from the data and validate our findings. The final learnings and recommendations were disseminated as short “reports” focused on community-identified key findings.
Public health Impact
Research activities that elevate community-driven knowledge generation can align public health agendas with community-identified priorities and create buy-in in the early stages of research and intervention planning
Self-reported Follow-up Care Needs Can be Met in Both Facility and Self-managed Abortion: Evidence from Low- and Middle-income Countries
Get PDFObjective: To understand in-facility follow-up care-seeking behavior among both people who self-managed medication abortions (SMA) and those who obtained facility-managed care in six countries and to explore factors that contribute to meeting individual’s self-reported care needs that are core to person-centered care.
Study Design: We conducted a qualitative thematic analysis of 67 in-depth interviews conducted with facility or SMA seekers. We first classified individuals as having their care needs met or not, and whether they sought follow-up care. We then identified predisposing, enabling, or need factors that contributed to having care needs met or not.
Results: A total of n=67 participants were included in this analysis from six countries. The majority of participants (n=59, 88%) had their care needs met and half (n=33, 49%) sought follow-up care in a facility. Most participants, both at facilities and through SMA, reported their needs were met. Having support from family or accompaniment groups (activists who provide abortion guidance outside of clinical settings), knowing what to expect, and living close to a facility were key enabling factors that allowed individuals to have their care needs met via a facility follow-up visit or to feel confident completing their abortion at home. Inhibiting factors including health system challenges; stigma from providers; legal risk; unsupportive family; and uncertainty prevented some from having their care needs met.
Conclusion: Medication abortion follow-up care needs can be met both in and outside of health facilities. Attention towards supporting enabling factors to meet client needs is essential to person-centered abortion care provision
Debris Fan Produced by Failure of Canyon-Blocking Pyroclastic Flows
Get PDFAsh-rich pyroclastic flows from the cataclysmic eruption of Mount Mazama (~7700 yr. B. P.), Cascade volcanic arc, Oregon, entered and blocked the narrow, bedrock-lined canyon of the Williamson River approximately 35 to 44 km from the source volcano. The blockage impounded a body of water which then released producing four stratigraphic units in the downstream debris fan. The four stratigraphic units are a boulder core comprised of locally sourced bedrock boulders and three sand-rich units including a fine-grained sand unit, a sandy pumice gravel (±basalt/hydrovolcanic tuff) unit, and a pumice pebble-bearing, crystal-rich sand unit. Hand-drilled auger holes up to ~1.6 m deep were used to obtain samples of the sand-rich units. Units were delimited using surface and down-hole observations, composition and texture, estimated density, statistical parameters of grain size, and vertical and lateral distribution of properties. Overtopping followed by rapid incision into the ash-rich pyroclastic flows progressively cleared the canyon, but a bedrock knickpoint near the head of the canyon limited the volume of debris available for transport to about 0.04 km3 to 0.08 km3. Co-deposition of bedrock boulders and lithic-rich sand was followed by rapid deposition with minimal reworking of remobilized pyroclastics. Continued draining of the impounded lake sent hyperconcentrated flows onto the debris fan depositing pumice-rich gravels that graded upward to crystal-rich sands