233955 research outputs found
Sort by
Distinctive toxic repercussions of polystyrene nano plastic towards aquatic non target species Nitrobacter vulgaris, Scenedesmus sp and Daphnia magna
No full textThe widespread application of plastics and its eventual degradation to micro-sized or nano-sized plastics has led to several environmental concerns. Moreover, nanoplastics can easily cascade through the food chain accumulating in the aquatic organisms. Thus, our study focussed on investigating the hazardous impact of nano-sized plastics on aquatic species including Nitrobacter vulgaris, Scenedesmus sp, and Daphnia magna. Various concentrations of polystyrene nanoplastics ranging from 0.01 mg/L to 100 mg/L were tested against Nitrobacter vulgaris, Scenedesmus sp, and Daphnia magna. The minimum inhibitory concentration of polystyrene nanoplastics in Nitrobacter vulgaris was found to be 25 mg/L, and in Daphnia magna, the median lethal concentration 50 was observed to be 64.02 mg/L. Exposure of Scenedesmus sp with increasing nanoplastic concentrations showed a significant decrease in total protein (p < 0.001), and chlorophyll content (p < 0.01), whereas the lipid peroxidation increased (p < 0.001) significantly. Similarly, Nitrobacter vulgaris and Daphnia magna showed a significant decrease in catalase activity (p < 0.001) and an increase in lipid peroxidation levels (p < 0.01). Concomitant with lipid peroxidation results, decreased superoxide dismutase levels (p < 0.01) and protein concentrations (p < 0.01) were observed in Daphnia magna. Besides, the increasing concentration of polystyrene nanoplastics displayed an elevated mortality rate in Scenedesmus sp (p < 0.001) and Nitrobacter vulgaris (p < 0.01). Further, scanning electron microscopy analysis substantiated the morphological alterations in Nitrobacter vulgaris and Scenedesmus sp on exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics.Department of Biotechnology School of Applied Sciences REVA University, KarnatakaLatitud – LATU Foundation Technological Laboratory of Uruguay. Ave. Italia Los Abetos BuildingGraduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), DFDepartment of Forest Science Soils and Environment School of Agronomic Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) Ave. Universitária 3780, SPGraduate Program in Environmental Sciences Brazil University, Street Carolina Fonseca, 584, SPDepartment of Biochemistry School of Allied Health Sciences REVA University, KarnatakaDepartment of Forest Science Soils and Environment School of Agronomic Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) Ave. Universitária 3780, S
From the analysis of English terminology in offline programming of industrial robots to the proposal of an English–Brazilian Portuguese terminographic work
No full textApresentam-se, na presente tese, contribuições teóricas e práticas da Linguística, especialmente no âmbito da Terminologia. Objetiva-se o estudo de unidades terminológicas da Engenharia de Controle e Automação – com foco no domínio da Programação Offline de Robôs Industriais, utilizados nas mais diversas tarefas em linhas de produção – para identificar ou propor termos no português do Brasil em relação de equivalência com a língua inglesa. A relevância desse estudo se dá devido às dificuldades de compreensão de manuais técnicos, escritos em língua inglesa, enfrentadas por técnicos brasileiros responsáveis pela programação e operação de robôs industriais, e pela ausência de dicionários ou vocabulários que auxiliem na compreensão e/ou tradução desse material em nosso país. O corpus de pesquisa é composto por manuais técnicos de diferentes fabricantes de equipamentos robóticos que descrevem comandos para a programação offline de braços robóticos industriais. A partir da identificação e/ou da proposição de equivalentes no português do Brasil de termos relativos a esse domínio do conhecimento e das reflexões teórico-metodológicas necessárias, elaborou-se uma proposta de Dicionário Terminológico Inglês-Português, que possa servir como material de consulta aos profissionais brasileiros que atuam na área da Automação Industrial. Registraram-se, no protótipo apresentado, unidades terminológicas formadas por lexias simples e complexas, contemplando, desse modo, também, as fraseologias especializadas da área objeto de estudo. Para tanto, considerou-se a contribuição dos estudos em Neologia para a proposição de equivalentes no português do Brasil (PB). Na organização e no tratamento do corpus, bem como na seleção dos candidatos a termos, utilizou-se o software AntConc 4.2.0. Após a seleção e análise dos termos, recorreu-se ao Lexique Pro 3.6 para o registro dos verbetes e a geração do protótipo do Dicionário Terminológico tanto em seu formato impresso, quanto digital. Esta tese fundamentou-se nos preceitos terminológicos pós-Wüsterianos e coloca em evidência a Teoria Sociocognitiva da Terminologia (Temmerman, 2000), a qual se vincula aos estudos em Linguística Cognitiva, especialmente relacionadas à conceptualização corporificada da realidade pela mente humana, verificados, por exemplo, nos trabalhos de Lakoff (1987), Jhonson (1987), Langacker (2000), Talmy (2000), Fillmore (1982) e Fauconnier (1994).It is presented in this thesis, both theoretical and practical contributions from Linguistics, particularly within the field of Terminology. The objective is to study terminological units in the field of Automation and Control Engineering, with a focus on the domain of Offline Programming of Industrial Robots, which are used in various tasks on production lines. The goal is to identify or propose terms in Brazilian Portuguese that correspond to their English equivalents. The relevance of this study arises from the challenges faced by Brazilian technicians, responsible for programming and operating industrial robots, in understanding technical manuals written in English, as well as the lack of dictionaries or glossaries that could aid in the comprehension and/or translation of such material in Brazil. The research corpus consists of technical manuals from different manufacturers of robotic equipment that describe commands for offline programming of industrial robotic arms. Through the identification and/or proposition of Brazilian Portuguese equivalents for terms in this specialized field, as well as the necessary theoretical and methodological reflections, a proposal for an English-Portuguese Terminological Dictionary was developed. This dictionary aims to serve as a reference tool for Brazilian professionals working in the field of Industrial Automation. The prototype includes terminological units composed of both simple and complex lexemes, thereby also encompassing the specialized phraseology of the area under study. Furthermore, the contribution of Neology studies to the proposition of Portuguese equivalents was considered. To organize and process the corpus, as well as select term candidates, the software AntConc 4.2.0 was employed. After selecting and analyzing the terms, Lexique Pro 3.6 was used to record the entries and generate the prototype of the Terminological Dictionary in both printed and digital formats. This thesis was based on post-Wüsterian terminological principles and highlights the Sociocognitive Theory of Terminology (Temmerman, 2000), which is linked to Cognitive Linguistics studies, particularly those concerned with the embodied conceptualization of reality by the human mind, as seen in the works of Lakoff (1987), Johnson (1987), Langacker (2000), Talmy (2000), Fillmore (1982), and Fauconnier (1994)
Synthesis, analysis of in vitro activity and mechanism of action of new chalcones against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
No full textA tuberculose é um problema de saúde que tem como principal agente etiológico o bacilo Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Sua problemática se destaca pela alta taxa de resistência aos antimicrobianos e por ser a principal causa de morte no mundo causada por um único agente infeccioso. Assim, é de extrema importância o desenvolvimento de pesquisa de novos fármacos para atuarem contra este patógeno. As chalconas são uma classe de compostos orgânicos que possuem atividade potencial contra várias doenças e atua em diversos mecanismos biológicos, além de apresentar uma síntese com poucas etapas, mostrando-se uma classe promissora no desenvolvimento de novos fármacos. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste na síntese de três chalconas inéditas e na avaliação de seu potencial frente a cepas sensíveis e resistentes de Mycobacterium tuberculosis, além da elucidação de seu mecanismo de ação. Os compostos foram sintetizados através da reação de Suzuki e da condensação de Claisen-Schmidt, caracterizados por Ressonância Magnética Nuclear e por Espectrometria de Massas obtendose, então, três compostos inéditos para o continuamento de estudos com metodologias in vitro. Dois compostos apresentaram atividade promissora frente ao bacilo com CIMs entre 2,68 µg/mL e 4,53 µg/mL e índices de citotoxicidade entre 93,69 µg/mL e 220,44 µg/mL frente a macrofagos, além de 107,58 µg/mL e 300,00 µg/mL frente à fibroblastos, resultando em índices de seletividade que garantem a segurança citotóxica destes compostos. Apesar disso, nenhum dos compostos sintetizados apresentou atividade frente a cepas mono e multirresistentes aos fármacos da terapia padrão. A Relação Estrutura Atividade destes compostos pode estar associada ao padrão de substituição do anel aromático da carbonila, já que a presença de grupamentos doadores de elétrons na posição para aumentam a atividade biológica. Portanto, as chalconas demonstraram ser uma alternativa promissora no desenvolvimento de novos fármacos contra a tuberculose, porém, é ideal o continuamento de estudos a fim de entender mais sobre a Relação Estrutura Atividade destas moléculas a fim de encontrar uma alternativa potencial para o tratamento da doença.Tuberculosis is a health problem whose main etiological agent is the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This problem is notable for its high rate of resistance to antimicrobials and for being the leading cause of death in the world caused by a single infectious agent. Therefore, it is extremely important to develop research into new drugs to act against this pathogen. Chalcones are a class of organic compounds that have potential activity against several diseases and act in several biological mechanisms, in addition to presenting a synthesis with a few steps, showing themselves to be a promising class in the development of new drugs. The objective of this work is to synthesize three new chalcones and evaluate their potential against sensitive and resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, in addition to elucidating their mechanism of action. The compounds were synthesized through the Suzuki occurrence and Claisen-Schmidt condensation, characterized by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Mass Spectrometry, and three detailed compounds were found for further studies with in vitro methodologies. Two compounds showed promising activity against the bacillus with MICs between 2.68 µg/mL and 4.53 µg/mL and cytotoxicity indices between 93.69 µg/mL and 220.44 µg/mL against macrophages, in addition to 107.58 µg/mL and 300.00 µg/mL against fibroblasts, resulting in selectivity indices that guarantee the cytotoxic safety of these compounds. Despite this, none of the synthesized compounds showed activity against mono and multiresistant strains to standard therapy drugs. The Structure-Activity Relationship of these compounds may be associated with the substitution pattern of the aromatic carbonyl ring, since the presence of electron-donating groups in the position to increase biological activity. Therefore, chalcones have shown to be a promising alternative in the development of new drugs against tuberculosis; however, it is ideal to continue studies to understand more about the Molecular Structure-Activity Relationship to find a potential alternative for the treatment of the disease.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)CAPES: 00
Analysis of the production of knowledge on Social Welfare Surveillance in the last 10 years in Brazil
No full textEste relatório de pós doutoramento analisou a produção acadêmica através de artigos e teses de doutorado, publicadas entre o período de 2014 e 2024 que discutem a temática da Vigilância Socioassistencial, buscando identificar o papel, os limites e as possibilidades deste importante instrumento de gestão da Política de Assistência Social. A pesquisa adotou a abordagem bibliográfica e documental tendo como busca o termo “vigilância socioassistencial”. A análise dos dados foi realizada através da análise de conteúdo a partir de duas categorias de análise: O papel da vigilância socioassistencial e os limites e possibilidades da vigilância socioassistencial. Essa pesquisa é resultado de pesquisa de pós-doutoramento, sendo a pesquisadora vinculada ao setor de Vigilância Socioassistencial de um município de grande porte do Estado de Minas Gerais, o que proporciona maior perspectiva pela prática profissional. Por fim, conclui-se que a vigilância socioassistencial qualifica a Política Nacional de Assistência Social enquanto política pública
Harmful effects of the semiconductor copper tungstate (CuWO4) on multiple photosynthetic parameters of the green microalga Raphidocelis subcapitata
No full textThe semiconductor copper tungstate (CuWO4) may end up in aquatic ecosystems since it has the potential for water decontamination. The toxic effects of CuWO4 are totally unknown for eukaryotic organisms. In view of this, we aimed to evaluate the toxicity of CuWO4 particles (size of 161.5 nm) on the cosmopolitan green microalga Raphidocelis subcapitata (a standardized test-organism for ecotoxicological assays), analyzing the growth and multiple photosynthetic parameters obtained by pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry. At 1.2 mg L-1, the growth was affected, and there was an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) after 72 h The effective efficiency (ɸM’) of photosystem II (PSII) was affected at 13.1 mg L-1, while the efficiency of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC), responsible for the water-splitting process, decayed at 5.6 mg L-1. According to quenching parameters, energy allocated to photosynthetic processes (qP) decreased, indicating a malfunctioning of the PSII. We also observed a 50 % increase in the non-regulated energy dissipation by heat and fluorescence (Y(NO)), and a 50 % decrease in the regulated energy dissipation (NPQ), suggesting difficulties for algae to cope with light. Rapid light curves (RLC) were the second most sensitive parameter, as we observed a decay of the relative maximum electron transport rate (rETRmax) at 2.8 mg L-1. Therefore, since the microalga R. subcapitata was affected by concentrations up to 1.2 mg L-1 (0.01 mg L-1 dissolved Cu), it is important to evaluate carefully the use of CuWO4 to decontaminate natural waters, considering the protection of the aquatic biota.Center for the Development of Functional Materials (CDMF) Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, SPUniversitat Rovira i Virgili Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria Química Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Av. Països Catalans, 26, TarragonaDepartment of Hydrobiology (DHb) Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, SPBiomaterials and Bioengineering Lab Translational Research Centre San Alberto Magno Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir (UCV)São Paulo State University (UNESP) Institute of Chemistry, SPEmbrapa Pecuária Sudeste, P.O. Box 339, SPChemistry Institute Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 700, Centro, MGSão Paulo State University (UNESP) Institute of Chemistry, S
Learning by doing: design of accessible teaching materials for the clothing modeling discipline
No full textO ensino de modelagem do vestuário emerge como um tópico de significativa importância no âmbito do design de moda, especialmente ao abordar o estudo do corpo humano e suas especificidades individuais. Além disso a realidade da rede federal diante do ingresso de alunos pertencentes a comunidade carente requer atenção nos cursos de Moda diante do elevado custo na aquisição de materiais utilizados nas disciplinas. Diante desse cenário, a presente pesquisa aborda a necessidade de incorporar uma pluralidade de materiais didático pedagógicos, associados às teorias do movimento maker, educação, anatomia e cinesiologia no ambiente de sala de aula, promovendo a abordagem do "aprender fazendo" a fim de proporcionar uma experiência de aprendizado recíproco entre professores e alunos diante da satisfação de fabricar ou experienciar materiais alternativos de Modelagem de Vestuário diante da conformação do corpo. Nessa perspectiva, propõe-se o desenvolvimento de materiais didático pedagógicos lúdicos acessíveis para as disciplinas de Modelagem de Vestuário, com o intuito de contribuir na compreensão da configuração dos corpos diante como alicerce na concepção dos diagramas base, consideradas como a segunda pele do corpo. A conjunção desses elementos, aliada coletas e análises de dados quantitativos e qualitativos permitiu avaliar os potenciais benefícios da aplicação desses materiais em sala de aula, favorecendo o processo de ensino-aprendizagem na modelagem do vestuário. Como resultado foram propostos seis materiais didático pedagógicos lúdicos: a Massinha de modelar como recurso pedagógico lúdico, um Material de Consulta para o aluno com recurso analógico e digital, um material do Quebra cabeça do corpo analógico e digital, um Jogo digital e um de Tabuleiro, o Manequim com três recursos metodológicos intitulados de Manequim Construído pelo Aluno, Manequim como Recurso Facilitador, Manequim Híbrido e duas Réguas Adaptadas DIY. Todos os materiais foram validados com dezoito docentes doutores de diferentes Instituições de ensino, com o intuito de legitimar o uso e aplicação dos materiais tanto para os docentes quanto para o perfil dos discentes dessa área no processo educacional. Essa abordagem visa enriquecer a experiência de aprendizado, promovendo um ambiente de ensino mais dinâmico e eficaz de forma lúdica no aprendizado. Para a avaliação dos resultados foi realizada uma abordagem mista (qualitativa e quantitativa) para aumentar a confiabilidade nos dados do estudo. Como resultado, todos os materiais foram validados positivamente com pequenas ressalvas diante de contribuições e melhorias para o material. Portanto, a conjunção dos materiais didáticos resultou em potenciais benefícios em sala de aula contribuindo para o ensino de Modelagem do Vestuário na configuração dos corpos como alicerce da concepção do diagrama base.The teaching of garment patternmaking has gained significant importance within fashion design, particularly when considering the study of the human body and its individual specificities. Moreover, the reality faced by the federal education network, with the enrollment of students from underprivileged communities, necessitates attention in Fashion courses due to the high cost of acquiring materials used in these subjects. In this context, the present research addresses the need to incorporate a variety of didactic-pedagogical materials, associated with maker movement theories, education, anatomy, and kinesiology, into the classroom environment. This approach promotes "learning by doing" to provide a reciprocal learning experience between teachers and students, fostering satisfaction in creating or experimenting with alternative garment patternmaking materials that conform to the body. From this perspective, the development of accessible, playful didactic-pedagogical materials for garment patternmaking courses is proposed, aiming to enhance the understanding of body configurations as a foundation for the conception of basic patterns, considered as the body's second skin. The integration of these elements, combined with the collection and
analysis of quantitative and qualitative data, allowed for the evaluation of the potential benefits of applying these materials in the classroom, facilitating the teaching-learning process in garment patternmaking. As a result, six playful didactic-pedagogical materials were proposed: modeling clay as a playful pedagogical resource; a student reference material available in both analog and digital formats; a body puzzle material in analog and digital versions; a digital game and a board game; a mannequin with three methodological resources titled "Student-Built Mannequin," "Mannequin as a Facilitator Resource," and "Hybrid Mannequin"; and two DIY adapted rulers. All materials were validated by eighteen doctoral-level educators from various educational institutions to legitimize their use and application for both teachers and students in this field within the educational process. This approach aims to enrich the learning experience by promoting a more dynamic and effective teaching environment through playful learning. To evaluate the results, a mixed-methods approach (qualitative and quantitative) was employed to increase the reliability of the study's data. Consequently, all materials were positively validated, with minor suggestions for contributions and improvements. Therefore, the integration of these didactic materials resulted in potential classroom benefits, contributing to the teaching of garment patternmaking by focusing on body configurations as the foundation for basic pattern design
Hybrid Nanoparticles Dual-Loaded With Curcumin and Benzydamine Hydrochloride for the Treatment of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: From Development to Biological Application In Vitro and In Vivo
No full textVulvovaginal candidiasis represents a public health challenge due to its reports of high incidence and recurrence. These are caused by host-related factors like compromised immune system, or pathogen-related factors, such as resistance to antifungal agents, making this medical problem desirable to develop new therapeutic options. In this context, natural origin substances like curcumin, are increasingly treatment alternatives. However, some curcumin properties limit its therapeutic application, such as insolubility in aqueous solvents, which leads to low bioavailability. Nevertheless, nanotechnology association with drugs of plant origin proves to be a promising alternative to overcome the reported drawbacks. Despite being caused by a fungus, patients suffer significantly from the inflammation resulting from this disease, thus this study aimed to develop a hybrid carrier nanoformulation by microfluidics loaded with two drugs, benzydamine hydrochloride (an anti-inflammatory drug) and curcumin (an antifungal drug). Transmission electron cryomicroscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray analysis confirmed that the nanoparticle is properly developed. Through in vitro biological studies, it is possible to observe that, in addition to being safe, the encapsulation of both drugs in the nanocarrier drastically reduced their cytotoxicity. Finally, although the final nanoformulation does not show in vitro activity, the in vivo study indicated therapeutic potential.Universitair Medisch Centrum GroningenFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)School of Pharmaceutical Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara Jaú, Km 01 - s/n - Campos VilleDepartment of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology The Personalized Medicine Research Institute (PRECISION) University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, AVResearch Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) Faculdade de Farmácia Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama PintoLaboratory of Industrial Physics Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5Araraquara Dental School São Paulo State University (UNESP), Humaitá, 1680Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7Medical School São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Prof. Mário Rubens Guimarães Montenegro, s/nDrug Research Program Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5School of Pharmaceutical Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara Jaú, Km 01 - s/n - Campos VilleAraraquara Dental School São Paulo State University (UNESP), Humaitá, 1680Medical School São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Prof. Mário Rubens Guimarães Montenegro, s/nFAPESP: 22/02187-0;19/26821-7;19/09831-
Harm reduction policies regarding drugs in Brazil: dialogic analysis of the discursive genre folder as a tool of resistance
No full textO que existe hoje no Brasil no que se diz respeito às políticas públicas de saúde em relação às drogas é o proibicionismo e a guerra às drogas, que por sua vez geram leis segregacionistas, elitistas, racistas e manicomiais; assim, são prejudicados sujeitos vulneráveis nesse contexto em que se dá enfoque à expansão do poder punitivo (ZAFFARONI, 2012). Em contraponto com estas práticas, existem políticas públicas de redução de riscos e danos. Entre elas, há a prática de distribuição de materiais informativos, de cunho antiproibicionista, em contexto de festa e de ações sociais. Esses materiais surgem como um ato responsivo ao enunciado proibicionista, o qual é disseminado em larga escala no Brasil. Tais materiais, pertencentes ao gênero folder, são analisados nesta pesquisa de mestrado. Esta pesquisa, através de uma perspectiva dialógica, de cunho histórico-social, tem como objetivo geral analisar os materiais informativos do Projeto ResPire de Redução de Riscos e Danos, considerando o caráter responsivo do enunciado. Os objetivos específicos são: 1 – Considerando o corpus como pertencente ao gênero folder, analisar o enunciado antiproibicionista e a ideologia que se manifesta nele; 2 - Investigar o modo de constituição desses folders e a forma como dialogam com seu público-alvo. O que justifica a pesquisa é o enfoque de questões em torno das políticas públicas de saúde em relação às drogas no Brasil - trazer luz a essas questões se faz necessário, pois há minorias sociais que se beneficiarão dessa abordagem. Destaca-se ainda que existem poucas pesquisas sobre essa temática. Por fim, a metodologia deste trabalho consiste em analisar tais enunciados através dos pressupostos bakhtinianos da linguagem, a partir do cotejamento de textos e da consideração do enunciado como um todo de sentido, em seus aspectos multissemióticos e sócio-históricos. Os objetivos propostos nesta pesquisa foram alcançados. A análise confirmou o caráter responsivo dos enunciados, evidenciando a presença de um discurso antiproibicionista que se manifesta por meio de estratégias ideológicas específicas. Também foi possível compreender como esses textos se constituem dialogicamente e estabelecem uma relação de proximidade com seu público-alvo, priorizando uma abordagem ética, acolhedora e voltada à redução de danos. A investigação demonstrou que esses materiais não apenas informam, mas também atuam como práticas discursivas de resistência e reconfiguração de sentidos, contribuindo para o fortalecimento de uma ética do cuidado em contraposição à lógica proibicionista.What exists in Brazil today regarding public health policies related drugs is prohibitionism and the war on drugs, which in turn generate segregationist, elitist, racist and asylum-like laws, which harm vulnerable individuals and focus on expanding punitive power (ZAFFARONI, 2012). In contrast to these practices, there are public policies for risk and harm reduction. Among them is the practice of distributing informative materials, with an anti-prohibitionist nature, in the context of parties and social actions. These materials emerge as an act of response to the prohibitionist statement, which is disseminated on a large scale in Brazil. Such materials, belonging to the booklet genre, will be analyzed in this master's research. Through a dialogical perspective, of a historical-social nature, this research has the general objective of analyzing the informative materials of the ResPire collective for Risk and Harm Reduction, considering the responsive nature of the statement. The specific objectives are: 1 – Analyze the corpus as belonging to the folder genre, as well as analyze the anti-prohibitionist statement and the ideology that manifests itself in it; 2 - Analyze through which elements, and how the folders are constituted and dialogue with their target audience.The research is justified by the focus on issues surrounding public health policies regarding drugs in Brazil - shedding light on these issues is necessary, since there are social minorities that will benefit from this approach. It is also worth noting that there is little research on this topic. Finally, the methodology of this work consists of analyzing such statements through Bakhtinian assumptions of language, based on the comparison of texts and the consideration of the statement as a whole of meaning, in its multi-semiotic and socio-historical aspects. The analysis confirmed the responsive nature of the statements, evidencing the presence of an anti-prohibitionist discourse that manifests itself through specific ideological strategies. It was also possible to understand how these texts are constituted dialogically and establish a relationship of proximity with their target audience, prioritizing an ethical, welcoming approach focused on harm reduction. The investigation demonstrated that these materials not only inform, but also act as discursive practices of resistance and reconfiguration of meanings, contributing to the strengthening of an ethics of care in contrast to the prohibitionist logic
Energy balance and evapotranspiration conditioned by deforestation of a seasonally dry tropical forest (Caatinga): A series of four water seasons
No full textChanges in land use affect the spatial and temporal variations of surface energy balance components and evapotranspiration in the Caatinga. We aimed to assess the partitioning of energy into latent heat flux (LE) and sensible heat flux (H), as well as actual evapotranspiration (ET), in areas of Caatinga vegetation (CAA) and a deforested area (DEFA) in the Brazilian semi-arid region from 2015 to 2018. Two micrometeorological towers were installed to obtain data during the rainy, dry and transition periods. The energy balance was obtained using the Bowen ratio, based on estimates of daily, monthly and seasonal H and LE fluxes, the latter being used to determine the ET. Higher average values of net radiation (Rn), LE, H and soil heat flux (G) were observed for the CAA landscape, while minimum values were recorded in the DEFA. Mean daily the ET in the CAA and DEFA was 2.19 and 1.97 mm, respectively. Around 23% of the received Rn was used for the LE, 70% for H and 9% for G at the site of the CAA, against 21% of the Rn for LE, 72% for H and 8% for G in the DEFA. Our results further showed that the removal of native vegetation promotes reductions in Rn, air relative humidity, ET and increases the vapour pressure deficit in the DEFA. Greater contributions were observed for H in the dry season, with LE being greater during the rainy season in the Caatinga vegetation area.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de PernambucoFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Postgraduate Program in Plant Production Academic Unit of Serra Talhada Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, PernambucoDepartment of Agricultural Engineering Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas GeraisDepartment of Biodiversity Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University—UNESP, Av. 24A, 1515, Rio ClaroDepartment of Botany Graduate Program in Plant Biology Federal University of PernambucoEmpresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária – EMBRAPA Agroindústria Tropical, CEDepartment of Agricultural Engineering Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, PernambucoDepartment of Agrarian Sciences Federal University of São João del-Rei—UFSJ, Campus Sete Lagoas, MGDepartment of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid, Rio Grande do NorteDepartment of Biodiversity Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University—UNESP, Av. 24A, 1515, Rio Clar
Phylogenomic analyses in the complex Neotropical subfamily Corydoradinae (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) with a new classification based on morphological and molecular data
No full textThe family Callichthyidae, which comprises the subfamilies Corydoradinae and Callichthyinae, represents one of the largest families within the Siluriformes. Corydoradinae, the largest subfamily of Callichthyidae, alone accounts for >200 valid species, with new species being described frequently. This subfamily holds significant popularity among catfish enthusiasts worldwide, mainly because Corydoras are small, peaceful, and colourful fishes. Recognizing the existence of polyphyletic groups within Corydoradinae, the aim of this study was to construct a new phylogenetic hypothesis using genomic data (ultraconserved elements) and to re-evaluate the synonymized genera using the most recent morphological data. Our results supported the monophyly of Corydoradinae and identified seven distinct groups of species, each one with an associated preavailable generic name. These genera, namely Corydoras, Aspidoras, Scleromystax, Gastrodermus (resurrected), Osteogaster (resurrected), Brochis (resurrected), and Hoplisoma (resurrected), were all validated based on evidence derived from molecular and morphological analyses. A taxonomic key for the Corydoradinae genera is provided.Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista, R. Prof. Dr. Antônio C. W. Zanin 250, BotucatuDepartamento de Biologia e Zoologia Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Instituto de Biociências, Avenida Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Boa Esperança, Mato GrossoLaboratório de Genética e Conservação Animal Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), BR-101, km 60 – Litorâneo, ESDepartamento de Vertebrados Setor de Ictiologia Museu Nacional Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista s/n, São Cristóvão, RJSchool of Biological Sciences University of East AngliaDepartamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista, R. Prof. Dr. Antônio C. W. Zanin 250, Botucat