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Relationship of skeletal muscle mass, length of sports experience, and sexual maturity with bone density and geometry in adolescent athletes
No full textObjective: To identify the relationship between length of sports experience, muscle mass, and sexual maturity with bone mineral density (BMD) and geometry in adolescent basketball and track and field athletes. Method: The study included adolescent (11–18 years) athletes, of both sexes, who practiced basketball (n = 26) or track and field (n = 24). Skeletal muscle mass was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Data on sports training and sexual maturity were collected through a questionnaire. Total body, lumbar, femoral, and forearm BMD were determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Femoral scans were used to generate bone geometry measurements (femur strength index, cross-sectional area, cross-sectional moment of inertia, section modulus, and buckling ratio). Bone outcomes were compared between modalities by the Mann–Whitney U-test or Student's t-test and by analysis of covariance with adjustment for sports experience, sexual maturity, and skeletal muscle mass. Results: In the crude analysis, the basketball group had higher mean values for height, body weight, muscle mass, femoral neck BMD, cross-sectional area, and cross-sectional moment of inertia. In the covariate-adjusted analysis, the track and field group had higher total-body-less-head (0.995 vs. 1.035, p = 0.043), lumbar (1.012 vs. 1.107, p = 0.005), and radial (0.734 vs. 0.800, p = 0.005) BMD. Muscle mass was the main covariate influencing bone parameters, followed by sexual maturity. Conclusion: Skeletal muscle mass was the main determinant of bone outcomes in adolescent athletes, followed by sexual maturity, underscoring the importance of considering these variables when assessing bone health in this population.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e Inovação do Estado de Santa CatarinaConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Santa Catarina State University, Santa CatarinaSão Paulo State University, São PauloSão Paulo State University, São PauloFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e Inovação do Estado de Santa Catarina: 2021TR000330CNPq: 405759/2021-
Efficacy and safety of risankizumab versus methotrexate in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: results from IMMbrace, a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 study with an open-label extension period in Brazil
No full textBackground: Psoriasis, a chronic, inflammatory skin disease, requires long-term therapy. Risankizumab is a humanized immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody that specifically inhibits interleukin 23 by binding to its p19 subunit. Objective: The authors assessed the efficacy and safety of risankizumab compared with methotrexate in adults with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Methods: IMMbrace was a phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, active-controlled study. Patients received subcutaneous risankizumab 150 mg at weeks 0, 4, and 16 plus oral placebo weekly, or oral methotrexate 5 mg weekly (with dose escalation up to 25 mg based on response and tolerability) plus subcutaneous placebo at weeks 0, 4, and 16. Primary efficacy endpoints were the proportions of patients who achieved ≥ 90% improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI90) and static Physician's Global Assessment of clear/almost clear (sPGA 0/1) at week 28. Safety was also assessed. Results: Among 98 patients randomized (risankizumab, n = 50; methotrexate, n = 48), 95 completed the double-blind period. At week 28, significantly higher proportions of patients treated with risankizumab versus methotrexate achieved PASI90 (84.0% vs. 35.4%; p < 0.001); sPGA 0/1 was achieved by 90.0% and 64.6% of patients in the risankizumab and methotrexate groups (p ≤ 0.001). Risankizumab efficacy was maintained throughout week 112. Adverse event rates were similar in the two groups. Study limitations: The sample size was small due to the difficulty of recruiting patients without methotrexate use. Conclusions: Risankizumab demonstrated superior efficacy over methotrexate at week 28; efficacy was maintained, and no new safety findings were observed through week 112.AbbVieDepartment of Dermatology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, RSDivision of Dermatology Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo, SPInstituto de Dermatologia e Estética do Rio de JaneiroDepartment of Dermatology Hospital das Clínicas Universidade de São Paulo, SPDepartment of Dermatology Hospital Moinhos de Vento, RSDiscipline of Dermatology Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, PRDepartment of Infectology Dermatology Imaging Diagnosis and Radiotherapy Faculty of Medicine Universidade Estadual Paulista, SPDiscipline of Dermatology Faculdade Estadual de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto São José do Rio Preto, SPDermaology Service Hospital Universitário Evangélico Mackenzie de Curitiba, PRAbbVie Inc.AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KGIn memoriamDepartment of Dermatology Faculdade de Medicina de ABC, SPDepartment of Infectology Dermatology Imaging Diagnosis and Radiotherapy Faculty of Medicine Universidade Estadual Paulista, S
Ophthalmic Parameters of Healthy White-Eyed Parakeets<i> (Psittacara</i> leucophthalmus)
No full textWhite-eyed parakeets (Psittacara leucophthalmus) are medium-sized birds that are diurnal and arboreal and eat a predominantly fruit-based diet. Although white-eyed parakeets are frequently presented with ocular lesions, information about ophthalmological parameters for this species is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the baseline ophthalmic parameters of healthy, white-eyed parakeets to contribute to a better understanding of their ocular health. This study evaluated the modified Schirmer tear test I (mSTTI), standardized endodontic absorbent paper point tear test (EAPPTT), intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), and measurement of the palpebral fissure length (PFL) of 24 adult white-eyed parakeets under manual restraint. The same evaluator examined both eyes of each bird. To avoid any interference for the tear tests, 12 birds were assigned to mSTTI and 12 to EAPPTT. There was a significant difference (P = 0.031) in the PFL between eyes, with right eyes measuring 7-9 mm and left eyes 6-8 mm. There was no significant difference (P = 0.435) in CCT between eyes. There was a significant difference (P < 0.001) between the mSTTI and EAPPTT values, with EAPPTT values being higher than mSTTI values. There was no significant difference (P = 0.157) for these measures within bird. There was a significant difference (P < 0.001) in the IOP values between the different species parameters, with significant differences (all P <0.001) recorded between all species measures except dog and rabbit (P = 0.09). There was no significant difference (P = 0.157) for the IOP measures within bird. The ophthalmic parameters obtained from the adult, white-eyed parakeets in this study can be used to expand our knowledge about the species and help distinguish healthy eyes from diseased eyes.Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Sch Vet Med & Anim Sci, Dept Vet Surg & Anim Reprod, BR-18618681 Botucatu, SP, BrazilSao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Sch Vet Med & Anim Sci, Dept Vet Surg & Anim Reprod, BR-18618681 Botucatu, SP, Brazi
Prognostic Implications of Decorin, E-Cadherin and EGFR Expression in Inflammatory and Non-Inflammatory Canine Mammary Carcinomas
No full textInflammatory mammary carcinoma (IMC) is the most aggressive variant of invasive mammary tumours in dogs and in women. Decorin is an extracellular matrix molecule whose expression can be reduced or absent in various human cancers, which is associated with a poor prognosis. E-cadherin is a cell adhesion protein whose expression is reduced in several neoplasms. However, it is overexpressed in inflammatory breast cancers of women. EGFR is also associated with cancer development and is commonly overexpressed in aggressive neoplasms. This study aimed to characterise the expressions of Decorin, E-cadherin, and EGFR in canine inflammatory and non-inflammatory mammary carcinomas (IMC and non-IMC) and to evaluate their expression levels as prognostic indicators for survival and occurrence of metastases. Thirty-three IMC and 43 non-IMC cases were analysed retrospectively and submitted to immunohistochemical analysis. The reactions were quantified in five high-power field images from areas of the highest intensity and frequency of immunostaining (hot spots). We found significantly lower expression of Decorin and higher of E-cadherin and EGFR in canine IMCs. Patients with tumours that exhibited Decorin expression in less than 26.35% of epithelial cells had shorter survival (p = 0.0410) and a higher occurrence of distant metastases (p = 0.0115). E-cadherin is overexpressed in canine IMCs (p < 0.0001), similar to what occurs in women, reinforcing that dogs can be used as a study model for human IMC. EGFR overexpression in canine IMCs (p = 0.0322) provides evidence for potential targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.Laboratory of Comparative and Translational Oncology Department of Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering University of São Paulo, São PauloDepartment of Pathology School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science University of São Paulo, São PauloVerum Diagnóstico Laboratory, São PauloVeterinary Pathology Service Department of Pathology Reproduction and One Health FCAV-UNESP, São PauloPaulista University, São PauloVeterinary Pathology Service Department of Pathology Reproduction and One Health FCAV-UNESP, São Paul
Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling of enantioselective hydroxychloroquine kinetics and impact of genetic polymorphisms
No full textHydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a chiral drug used to treat malaria and inflammatory diseases, available as a racemic mixture of R– and S–HCQ. This work aimed to build physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models to predict the pharmacokinetics (PK) of R– and S–HCQ and assess the impact of major genetic polymorphisms on PK. Whole-body PBPK models accounting for first-order absorption, Rodgers and Rowland distribution method, and enzyme kinetics data were built for R– and S–HCQ. The models were verified by comparing predicted PK parameters with observed ones, with a mean error within the acceptable range (0.5–2 fold). Simulations covered CYP2D6 normal metabolizer (NM), poor metabolizer (PM), and ultra-rapid metabolizer (UM) phenotypes, as well as CYP2C8 NM and PM phenotypes. The results revealed a 1.1-fold increase in area under the curve blood concentration versus time (AUC) for CYP2D6 PM individuals and a 0.9-fold reduction for UM individuals compared to NM individuals. In addition, simulations with CYP2D6 and CYP2C8 PM phenotype individuals combined with the CYP3A4 inhibitor clarithromycin showed increased AUC for R– and S–HCQ of 2.34 and 2.68, respectively. These PBPK models offer reliable predictions for R– and S–HCQ enantioselective kinetics and shed light on previously unexplored scenarios.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)São Paulo State UniversityCenter for Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology University of FloridaFederal University of Rio de Janeiro School of PharmacySão Paulo State Universit
Social protection, Social Service and human rights: interview with Maria Carmelita Yazbek
No full textThe text aims to present to readers some aspects about social protection and human rights by the intellectual, researcher and professor Dr. Maria Carmelita Yazbek, based on a critical analysis of the foundations of Social Service and social policy. The interview highlights the dialogue between research on the foundations of the profession and social policy and the challenges of social protection, human rights and the profession in Latin America and Brazil in the face of bourgeois sociability.O texto objetiva apresentar aos leitores alguns aspectos sobre a proteção social e os direitos humanos da intelectual, pesquisadora e professora Dra. Maria Carmelita Yazbek, a partir de uma análise crítica dos fundamentos do Serviço Social e da política social. A entrevista destaca a interlocução de pesquisas sobre os fundamentos da profissão e da política social, e os desafios da proteção social, dos direitos humanos e da profissão na América Latina e no Brasil diante da sociabilidade burguesa.Universidade Federal do TocantinsUniversidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita FilhoUniversidade Federal de Santa CatarinaUniversidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filh
Reply to the Letter to the Editor about the article “Capsular contracture in breast reconstruction: A systematic review and meta-analysis”
No full textAddenbrooke's Hospital, Hills RoadSão Paulo State University – UNESPDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of Surgery RUSH Medical CollegeDivision of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CenterDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusSão Paulo State University – UNES
El Partido Comunista del Perú – Sendero Luminoso en las páginas de la revista Caretas (1980–1995)
No full textCaretas: la ilustración peruana é consagrada como a revista de mais longa duração no Peru, sua estreia foi em primeiro de outubro de 1950 e até os dias atuais continua a sua proposta de divulgar os acontecimentos do Peru e do mundo com o uso do fotojornalismo, caracterizado pela redução dos textos e inclusão de imagens. Sem perder de vista o tema político, Caretas pretendia abordar assuntos como crimes passionais, variedades, economia, relações internacionais e eventos desportivos. Esta pesquisa propõe analisar uma fonte bastante específica, os recortes da revista Caretas sob a rubrica terrorismo, organizados pelo próprio semanário entre os anos de 1980 e 1995. Trata-se de 1053 fragmentos que foram acondicionados em 13 pastas específicas, que contêm no mínimo 50 e no máximo 129 notícias, dispostos em ordem cronológica. As pastas que foram intituladas como terrorismo têm como conteúdo principal o Partido Comunista do Peru - Sendero Luminoso (PCP-SL), organização que se considerava herdeira dos pensamentos de Marx, Lênin e Mao Tse-tung, por isso se autointitulavam como a “quarta espada do comunismo”. É difícil demarcar com exatidão a origem grupo, o mais provável é que as atividades se iniciaram durante a luta pelo ensino gratuito nas cidades de Ayacucho e Huanta em junho de 1969. A organização era um tema incontornável, não poderia deixar de comparecer neste material, visto que despertou o interesse da população peruana. Entretanto, leva a refletir acerca das escolhas da revista ao equiparar terrorismo com as atividades do PCP-SL desde o surgimento deste acervo sobre o tema. Esse é um claro indício da posição da revista perante o grupo, uma vez que, referir-se à organização desta maneira foi um posicionamento adotado, a princípio, pelos militares. Não se trata propriamente de estudar o PCP-SL em si, mas a forma como ele foi representado nesse material, observando-se mudanças e permanências ao nível do discurso.Caretas: la ilustración peruana is considered the longest-running magazine in Peru. Its debut was on October 1, 1950, and to this day it continues to publish events in Peru and around the world using photojournalism, characterized by the reduction of texts and the inclusion of images. Without losing sight of the political theme, Caretas intended to address issues such as crimes of passion, variety, the economy, international relations, and sporting events. This research proposes to analyze a very specific source, the clipping from the magazine Caretas under the heading of terrorism, organized by the weekly magazine itself between 1980 and 1995. These are 1,053 fragments that were stored in 13 specific folders, containing a minimum of 50 and a maximum of 129 news items, arranged in chronological order. The files that were titled as terrorism have as their main content the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL), an organization that considered itself the heir to the thoughts of Marx, Lenin and Mao Tse-tung, which is why it called itself the “fourth sword of communism”. It is difficult to demarcate the exact origin of the group; most likely, its activities began during the struggle for free education in the cities of Ayacucho and Huanta in June 1969. The organization was an unavoidable topic and could not be left out of this material, since it aroused the interest of the Peruvian population. However, it leads us to reflect on the magazine’s choices in equating terrorism with the activities of the PCP-SL since the publication of this collection on the subject. This is a clear indication of the magazine’s position regarding the group, since referring to the organization in this way was a position initially adopted by the military. This is not really a matter of studying the PCP-SL itself, but rather the way it was represented in this material, observing changes and continuities in terms of discourse.Caretas: la ilustración peruana es consagrada como la revista de mayor duración en el Perú; su estreno fue el primero de octubre de 1950 y, hasta la actualidad, mantiene su propuesta de divulgar los acontecimientos del Perú y del mundo mediante el uso del fotoperiodismo, caracterizado por la reducción de los textos y la inclusión de imágenes. Sin perder de vista la temática política, Caretas pretendía abordar asuntos como crímenes pasionales, variedades, economía, relaciones internacionales y eventos deportivos. Esta investigación propone analizar una fuente muy específica: los recortes de la revista Caretas bajo la rúbrica terrorismo, organizados por el propio semanario entre los años 1980 y 1995. Se trata de 1053 fragmentos que fueron almacenados en 13 carpetas específicas, que contienen como mínimo 50 y como máximo 129 noticias, dispuestas en orden cronológico. Las carpetas tituladas como terrorismo tienen como contenido principal al Partido Comunista del Perú - Sendero Luminoso (PCP-SL), organización que se consideraba heredera del pensamiento de Marx, Lenin y Mao Tse-tung, por lo que se autodenominaban como “la cuarta espada del comunismo”. Es difícil precisar con exactitud el origen del grupo; lo más probable es que sus actividades se iniciaran durante la lucha por la educación gratuita en las ciudades de Ayacucho y Huanta en junio de 1969. La organización era un tema inevitable y no podía estar ausente en este material, ya que despertó el interés de la población peruana. Sin embargo, ello invita a reflexionar sobre las decisiones editoriales de la revista al equiparar terrorismo con las actividades del PCP-SL desde el surgimiento de este acervo temático. Este hecho constituye un claro indicio de la posición asumida por la revista frente al grupo, ya que referirse a la organización de esta manera fue, en un principio, un posicionamiento adoptado por los militares. No se trata propiamente de estudiar al PCP-SL en sí, sino la forma en que fue representado en este material, observando los cambios y las permanencias a nivel del discurso.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)88887.912359/2023-0
Association between the practice environment and missed nursing care in the emergency room
No full textBackground: The demanding and intricate practice environment affects the nursing care provided in the emergency room. Objective: To investigate the relationship between the practice environment and missed nursing care in the emergency room while identifying the impact of sociodemographic and work-related factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 102 emergency room nursing staff at a public hospital in São Paulo state, Brazil. Data collection included administering the Misscare-Brazil survey and the Practice Environment Scale. Results: The sample consisted of 28 nurses and 74 nursing technicians. Most were women (n = 89; 87.3 %); the largest segment had a high school education (n = 48; 47.1 %). The mean score on the Practice Environment Scale was 2.17 (±0.60). The multivariate analysis indicated that the practice environment was influenced by workload (p < 0.001), experience in the profession (p = 0.013), experience in the sector (p = 0.029), extra hours (p = 0.005), adequate employee numbers (p = 0.001), job satisfaction (p = 0.033), satisfaction with the profession (p = 0.016), and Part A of the Misscare-Brazil survey (p < 0.001). The mean number of care omissions was 2.64 (± 0.77). It was independently associated with education level (p = 0.040), workload (p < 0.001), extra hours (p = 0.005), number of patients under care (p = 0.004), number of discharges (p = 0.010), and satisfaction with the profession (p = 0.037). Conclusion: The perception of an unfavourable practice environment impacted personal and work-related factors and was linked to missed nursing care in the emergency room.Department of Nursing Botucatu Medical School São Paulo State UniversityFederal University of UberlândiaDepartment of Epidemiology & Public Health University College LondonDepartment of Nursing Botucatu Medical School São Paulo State Universit
Seed treatment and pumpkin seedling production with efficient microorganisms and slurry
No full textA agricultura convencional é o sistema que ainda predomina no Brasil, porém, a agricultura orgânica tem ganhado crescente relevância como uma alternativa sustentável, visando a saúde e segurança humana e do meio ambiente. Nesse contexto, torna-se essencial a busca por insumos alternativos que atendam aos princípios da produção orgânica, especialmente no que se refere ao tratamento de sementes, etapa fundamental para garantir uma adequada germinação, vigor e, consequentemente, elevada produtividade. As olerícolas são espécies mais plantadas em sistema orgânico, logo, a cultura escolhida para o trabalho foi a abóbora paulista, pois tem uma boa adaptação em climas mais quentes, sendo uma espécie mais rústica e também, devido a sua importância econômica. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos dos microrganismos eficientes e chorume na qualidade morfofisiológica e na produção de mudas de abóbora (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2x4, sendo avaliadas quatro concentrações (0%, 40%, 80% e 100%) de dois produtos (chorume e EM), além de um tratamento controle (semente nua), com 4 repetições. As variáveis analisadas incluíram: primeira contagem de germinação, germinação, comprimento de raiz e de parte aérea, comprimento total de plântula, massa seca de plântula, comprimento de muda e massa seca da parte aérea, os dados obtidos foram à análise de variância e quando houve diferença significativa, se aplicou o Teste de Tukey e análise de regressão, ambos com 5% de probabilidade. Os resultados das análises laboratoriais demonstraram que o tratamento com chorume apresentou um maior desempenho para a maioria das variáveis fisiológicas, com destaque para a concentração de 40%, indicando maior vigor e uniformidade na germinação das sementes. Na avaliação das mudas, os EM apresentaram resultados maiores nas concentrações iniciais, enquanto o chorume destacou-se nas concentrações mais elevadas, especialmente na variável massa seca da parte aérea.De acordo com os dados obtidos, o chorume apresenta potencial promissor como bioinsumo no tratamento de sementes em sistemas de agricultura orgânica, desde que utilizadas concentrações adequadas, já os EM requerem uma atenção em relação a dosagem que pode ser utilizada, sendo necessários mais estudos relacionados.Conventional agriculture is still the predominant system in Brazil; however, organic agriculture has gained increasing relevance as a sustainable alternative, aiming at human and environmental health and safety. In this context, the search for alternative inputs that align with the principles of organic production becomes essential, especially regarding seed treatment, a fundamental step to ensure proper germination, vigor, and consequently, high productivity. Vegetables are the most cultivated species in organic systems, so the crop chosen for this study was paulista pumpkin, as it is well adapted to warmer climates, is a more rustic species, and holds economic importance. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of effective microorganisms and leachate on the morphophysiological quality and seedling production of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch.). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in a 2 × 4 factorial scheme, evaluating four concentrations (0%, 40%, 80%, and 100%) of two products (leachate and EM), in addition to a control treatment (untreated seeds), with four replications. The analyzed variables included first germination count, final germination, root and shoot length, total seedling length, seedling dry mass, seedling length, and shoot dry mass. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, and when significant differences were observed, Tukey’s test and regression analysis were applied, both at a 5% probability level. The results showed that the leachate treatment had better performance for most physiological variables, especially at the 40% concentration, indicating greater vigor and uniformity in seed germination. In the seedling evaluation, EM showed better results at lower concentrations, while leachate stood out at higher concentrations, particularly in the shoot dry mass variable. According to the data, leachate presents promising potential as a bioinput for seed treatment in organic farming systems when used at appropriate concentrations, while EM requires careful attention to dosage, highlighting the need for further research.Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica (PIBIC)PIBIC: 2024/1602