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Effects of oxygen level on thermal tolerance in Amazonian catfishes with bimodal respiration: physiological and behavioural changes
No full textThe degree of tolerance to adverse conditions ultimately shapes a species’ vulnerability to environmental changes. Some studies have reported limited thermal tolerance due to hypoxia in fish employing aquatic respiration. However, there is a lack of information regarding the effects of hypoxia on thermal tolerance in fish exhibiting bimodal respiration. A set of Amazonian fish species has adaptations to breathe air when oxygen in water is not enough to fulfil demand. Additionally, loricariid species within this group possess stomach adaptations for air breathing. The Loricariidae family exhibits varying stomach types and observed morphological differences could influence their ability to obtain oxygen from the air. This ability may, in turn, have consequences for the thermal tolerance of these species. Our objective was to assess the effects of hypoxia on thermal tolerance, along with the physiological (whole-animal metabolic rates and mitochondrial respiration) and behavioural mechanisms involved, in two facultative air-breathing species: Pterygoplichthys pardalis and Ancistrus dolichopterus. These species showcase morphological distinctions in their stomachs, with the former having a higher capacity to obtain oxygen from the air. Thermal tolerance in P. pardalis remained unaffected by dissolved oxygen in the water when air access was available but decreased when access to the water surface was restricted, specifically in hypoxic conditions. Conversely, the thermal tolerance of A. dolichopterus decreased below the critical oxygen partial pressure (Pcrit), even with access to air, highlighting their limited ability to obtain oxygen through their adapted stomach. Our results underscore that air breathing enhances thermal tolerance, but this effect is prominent only in species with a higher capacity for air breathing.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do AmazonasConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon–INPALaboratory of Integrative Thermal Physiology Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology Saõ Paulo State University -UNESP FCAV, JaboticabalLaboratory of Behavioural Ecophysiology Center of Agrarian and Biological Sciences Acaraú Valley State University, CearáLaboratory of Integrative Thermal Physiology Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology Saõ Paulo State University -UNESP FCAV, JaboticabalFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas: 062.01187/2017CNPq: 465540/2014-
Vagal modulation after training at different levels of the Pilates method
No full textIntroduction: cardiovascular and autonomic adjustments occur during and after physical exercise, and exercise intensity can directly influence the magnitude of these adjustments. Therefore, it is important to analyze post-exercise recovery to provide better guidance for prescription strategies. Objective: to analyze autonomic behavior during post-exercise recovery after the Pilates method at different intensity levels. Methods: in total, 24 healthy young men were included in this study. The participants underwent 12 weeks of Pilates training. The exercises were progressive between beginners, intermediate, and advanced levels. Post-exercise autonomic behavior was analyzed using vagal indices of heart rate variability. Descriptive statistics were adopted with Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance and the Bonferroni correction. Results: for intermediate and advanced levels, a decrease in vagal modulation was observed (p < 0.05) in the first 5 min after exercise compared to rest, represented by the rMSSD and SD1 indices. Conclusion: intermediate and advanced exercise reduced parasympathetic modulation in the initial minutes of post-exercise recovery. The beginner level did not promote changes in autonomic behavior immediately after the exercise session.Postgraduate Program in Physiotherapy Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCT/UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SPGraduate in Physiotherapy Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCT/UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SPPostgraduate Program in Movement Sciences Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCT/UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SPDepartment of Physiotherapy Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCT/UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SPPostgraduate Program in Physiotherapy Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCT/UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SPGraduate in Physiotherapy Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCT/UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SPPostgraduate Program in Movement Sciences Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCT/UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SPDepartment of Physiotherapy Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCT/UNESP), Presidente Prudente, S
The invasion of Pagurus longicarpus Say, 1817 in the Wadden Sea: Ecological niche modeling to predict its further expansion to the North and Baltic Sea
No full textWith the intensification of globalization in the past few decades, an increasing number of species are being established outside their natural range. An invasive species is often linked to negative impacts on native fauna, causing harmful effects on native ecosystems and resulting in financial losses. Recently the long-clawed hermit crab (Pagurus longicarpus) was introduced to the Wadden Sea, being able to compete with native species. Understanding potential distribution areas of new invasive species is crucial for predicting impacts on native fauna and facilitating effective management actions. Therefore, we assessed the environment suitability of long-clawed hermit crab to identify potential invasion areas to the North and Baltic Sea using Ecological Niche Modeling (ENM). Additionally, we investigated potential competition with native hermit crab species Pagurus bernhardus and Diogenes pugilator. Our results reveal a high environmental suitability of long-clawed hermit crab to the Wadden, North and Baltic Sea, indicating a possible expansion to new regions. Mean Primary Productivity, Mean Salinity and Mean Temperature were the main variables limiting the invasive species distribution. Furthermore, long-clawed hermit crab exhibited a great niche overlap with both native hermit crab species, presenting a wider distribution than P. bernhardus and D. pugilator, and may present as a strong competitor for native hermit crabs at the regions. The outcomes of our study provide important implications for the management and monitoring of the long-clawed hermit crab in the region, giving valuable insights for addressing potential ecological impacts.São Paulo State University Biosciences Institute, São PauloMarine Biotechnology Department Instituto de Estudos Do Mar Almirante Paulo MoreiraSão Paulo State University Biosciences Institute, São Paul
Final report of the residency in a health professional area: Occurrence of dermatophytes in felines (Felis catus) treated at a veterinary hospital
No full textO Programa de Residência em Área Profissional da Saúde – Medicina Veterinária e Saúde (PRAPS-MVS) é uma modalidade de pós-graduação Lato sensu, com duração de dois anos. O mesmo possui carga horária de 60 horas semanais, sendo 12 horas (20% da carga horária) destinada a atividades teóricas e 48 horas (80% da carga horária) voltadas para estratégias educacionais Teórico e Teórico-práticas (EET). Está última é subdivida em 12 horas destinadas a atividades junto à Vigilância Sanitária, Vigilância Epidemiológica, Controle de Vetores/Zoonoses e Atenção Básica à Saúde, no Município de Jaboticabal -SP. O restante das horas, sendo ao todo 36 horas semanais, foram destinadas às atividades na subárea de Clínica Médica de Pequenos Animais no Hospital Veterinário “Governador Laudo Natel” (HVGLN) da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias. As atividades relacionadas a subárea específica ocorreram no período de 03 de março de 2023 a 28 de fevereiro de 2025. Neste período, os residentes do setor de Clínica Médica de Pequenos Animais realizaram 7725 atendimentos de cães ou gatos, incluindo retornos. O residente realizou 1500 desses atendimentos, sendo 521 casos novos e 979 retornos. Dos atendimentos realizados, 435 pacientes eram da espécie canina e 86 da espécie felina. Além da subárea específica, o residente realizou estágio de residência no setor de oncologia da mesma universidade e teve as oportunidades de participar de congresso, monitoria do curso de aperfeiçoamento de clínica médica de cães e gatos e ministrar palestras referentes a tópicos importantes da subárea específica.
Palavras chave: saúde única, residente, cães, gatos.The Residency Program in the Professional Health Area – Veterinary Medicine and Health (PRAPS-MVS) is a Lato sensu postgraduate program with a duration of two years. It has a workload of 60 hours per week, with 12 hours (20% of the total workload) dedicated to theoretical activities and 48 hours (80% of the total workload) focused on Educational Strategies that are Theoretical and Theoretical-Practical (EET). The latter is subdivided into 12 hours of activities with the Sanitary Surveillance, Epidemiological Surveillance, Vector/Zoonosis Control, and Primary Health Care services in the municipality of Jaboticabal, São Paulo. The remaining 36 hours per week were allocated to activities in the subarea of Small Animal Internal Medicine at the “Governador Laudo Natel” Veterinary Hospital (HVGLN) of the School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences. The activities related to the specific subarea took place from March 3, 2023, to February 28, 2025. During this period, residents in the Small Animal Internal Medicine sector carried out a total of 7,725 consultations for dogs and cats, including follow-ups. The resident personally conducted 1,500 of these consultations, comprising 521 new cases and 979 follow-ups. Among the patients attended, 435 were dogs and 86 were cats. In addition to the specific subarea, the resident completed a residency internship in the oncology sector at the same university and had the opportunity to participate in a congress, serve as a teaching assistant for the Continuing Education Course in Small Animal Internal Medicine, and deliver lectures on important topics related to the specific subarea.
Keywords: One Health, resident, dogs, cat
Tannic acid crosslinking in Tilapia gelatin microfibers produced by Solution Blow Spinning
No full textDeveloping microfibers from fish gelatin (FG) is important due to its potential as a sustainable and biocompatible material, making it valuable for applications in packaging, as well as in technological and biomedical fields. This study investigates the formation of membranes derived from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) gelatin incorporating tannic acid (TA). Membranes were successfully produced using electro-assisted solution blow spinning (E-SBS) technology. The samples were characterized in terms of morphology, water stability, thermal properties and scavenging activity. The results indicate that applying an electrical voltage of 3 kV between the needle and the collector enabled the production of microfibers with a diameter of 276 ± 81 nm, approximately 67 % thinner than those produced without the applied electric field. The incorporation of 3 % TA, relative to the mass of FG, resulted in a 218 % increase in membrane integrity in water compared to the membrane without TA, ascribed to crosslinking via hydrogen bonding. Thermal analyses revealed that the membranes incorporated with TA maintain thermal stability at temperatures below 150 °C, and through X-ray diffractograms reveal low molecular order as observed in neat gelatin membrane. The gelatin membrane with 20 % TA exhibited 90 % DPPH• radical scavenging activity within 10 min, outperforming gelatin-only membranes. These findings suggest that TA-crosslinked gelatin membranes have significant potential for technological applications, particularly in fields requiring greater stability in wet environments and antioxidant activities, such as food packaging.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Faculdade de Engenharia, SPUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Faculdade de Engenharia, S
Suitability analysis for sanitary landfill siting in the metropolitan region of Piracicaba based on multicriteria synthesis
No full textO crescimento da geração de resíduos sólidos urbanos no Brasil, especialmente na Região Sudeste, intensifica a necessidade de ampliação ou implantação de aterros sanitários. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar áreas aptas para a implantação de aterros sanitários na Região Metropolitana de Piracicaba (RMP), utilizando geoprocessamento e análise multicritério. Foram aplicadas as metodologias Processo Analítico Hierárquico (AHP) e Lógica Booleana, fundamentadas em critérios técnicos, ambientais e legais. Como resultado, apenas 22,3% do território da RMP foi considerado como área útil para essa finalidade, após a exclusão das áreas restritas. Desse restante, 9,76% (76.727,16 ha) correspondem as áreas contíguas e classificadas como boa, muito boa e ótima. Os cálculos realizados apontaram que a área mínima necessária de um aterro sanitário com vida útil de 25 anos para atender a RMP é de 85,67 ha. O mapa final de aptidão indicou que as áreas com maior potencial se concentram em regiões de uso antrópico, com solos argilosos, geologia favorável, declividade entre 1% e 8% e localizadas a distâncias seguras de recursos hídricos, áreas urbanas e de unidades de conservação. O estudo contribui para o planejamento territorial da RMP e pode subsidiar futuras revisões do Plano de Desenvolvimento Urbano Integrado (PDUI), além de orientar a formação de consórcios intermunicipais para gestão integrada de resíduos.The increase in municipal solid waste generation in Brazil, particularly in the Southeast Region, highlights the need to expand or implement sanitary landfills. In this context, the present study aimed to identify suitable areas for the installation of sanitary landfills in the Metropolitan Region of Piracicaba (RMP), using geoprocessing and multicriteria analysis. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Boolean Logic methodologies were applied, based on technical, environmental, and legal criteria. As a result, only 22,3% of the RMP territory was considered usable for this purpose after the exclusion of restricted areas. Of this remaining portion, 9,76% (76.727,16 ha) corresponds to contiguous areas classified as good, very good, or excellent. Calculations indicated that the minimum area required for a sanitary landfill with a 25-year lifespan to serve the RMP is 85,67 ha. The final suitability map showed that the most favorable areas are concentrated in anthropized regions, with clay soils, favorable geological formations, slopes between 1% and 8%, and located at safe distances from water resources, urban areas, and conservation units. This study contributes to the territorial planning of the RMP and may support future revisions of the Integrated Urban Development Plan (PDUI), as well as guide the formation of intermunicipal consortia for integrated waste management
Fluconazole Resistance and Heteroresistance in Cryptococcus spp.: Mechanisms and Implications
No full textThe reference methodology for evaluating antifungal susceptibility is based on determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), which is the lowest drug concentration capable of inhibiting fungal growth. However, such MIC data are insufficient to measure antifungal susceptibility if a strain is heteroresistant to the tested drug. In such cases, a minority subpopulation of fungal cells, originating from an initially susceptible lineage, can grow at antifungal drug concentrations above the MIC. In studies on fluconazole heteroresistance in Cryptococcus spp., chromosomal disomy has been shown to result in the overexpression of two genes located on chromosome 1 (Chr1) linked to antifungal resistance: ERG11 and AFR1. This review addresses the underlying mechanisms of antifungal resistance, the evolution of methods for determining antifungal susceptibility, and the clinical implications of Cryptococcus heteroresistance to fluconazole. The analysis of the findings indicated a correlation between heteroresistance and adverse clinical outcomes, although this observation still lacks definite confirmation in the literature. This highlights the need to implement more efficient therapeutic strategies and improve antifungal susceptibility and heteroresistance testing.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do AmazonasPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede BIONORTE, AMInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, AMFundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, AMInstituto Leônidas & Maria Deane Fiocruz, AMFaculdade de Medicina PPG Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias UFMS, MSFaculdade de Medicina PPG Doenças Tropicais Unesp, SPInstituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, LIM 53, SPBundeswehr Hospital Hamburg Department of Microbiology and Hospital HygieneUniversity Medicine Rostock Institute for Medical Microbiology Virology and HygieneUniversity of Texas Medical BranchFaculdade de Medicina PPG Doenças Tropicais Unesp, S
Sprouting inhibition in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) using LED during prolonged storage
No full textTradicionalmente, a inibição do brotamento em tubérculos de batatas (Solanum tuberosum L.) durante o armazenamento é realizada com a aplicação de carbamatos (clorprofame), também conhecidos como CIPC. Estes produtos são bastante efetivos no controle do brotamento, porém sua aplicação tem gerado questionamentos tanto do ponto de vista ambiental quanto da saúde humana. Desta forma, muitos países não estão re-cetificando o uso do CIPC para esta finalidade. O início do processo de brotamento nos tubérculos de batata está relacionado ao fim da endo-dormência, sendo afetado por fatores ambientais e fisiológicos. Dentre estes fatores ambientais, a luz desempenha um papel fundamental no alongamento dos brotos dos tubérculos, especialmente nos comprimentos de onda próximos do vermelho-vermelho distante (700–730 nm) e do azul (400 e 450 nm). Todavia, não foram encontrados resultados do uso de diodo emissores de luz (LED) visando à inibição do brotamento. Assim, a hipótese deste trabalho foi a de que o uso de luz LED na região do vermelho, vermelho distante e do azul irá inibir o brotamento dos tubérculos de batatas armazenadas por longos períodos. Para isso, batatas da cultivar Asterix foram colhidas e utilizadas em diversos experimentos, visando: i. determinar a melhor qualidade luminosa (vermelho, vermelho distante e azul) e fluências (0,1, 1,0 ou 5,0 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) para a inibição do brotamento em comparação à aplicação do CIPC, ii. determinar a duração da exposição à luz (curta ou contínua) para a efetiva inibição do brotamento em comparação à aplicação do CIPC, e iii. determinar o efeito do tratamento com LED durante o armazenamento prolongado dos tubérculos no desenvolvimento dos brotos, bem como, dos parâmetros químicos e bioquímicos relacionados à qualidade da batata. Visando avaliar a melhor qualidade luminosas e fluências para inibição de brotação, no primeiro estudo batatas ‘Asterix’ foram irradiadas continuamente com luzes LED no azul (0,1 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹), no vermelho (1,0 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) e vermelho distante (1,0 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) por 30 dias a 15°C. O tratamento com CIPC e com as luzes LED não inibiram o desenvolvimento inicial dos brotos, mas as luzes LED no vermelho e vermelho distante foram eficazes no controle do crescimento dos brotos, semelhante ao observado em batatas-semente. Além disso, as luzes LED no azul e vermelho distante causaram uma redução no valor b* da cor dos tubérculos, indicando possíveis efeitos de esverdeamento. Desta forma, apesar das luzes LED influenciarem o desenvolvimento dos brotos, seu potencial efeito inibitório e depende dos parâmetros luminosos, bem como do estado fisiológico dos tubérculos, mais especificamente de seu estádio fisiológico. O segundo estudo buscou identificar as alterações fisiológicas e bioquímicas em batatas tratadas com luzes LED durante o armazenamento prolongado. Tubérculos da cultivar ‘Asterix’ foram expostos a luzes LED no vermelho (5 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹), vermelho distante (5 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) e no azul (1 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) por até 75 dias a 15°C. Os tratamentos com luzes LED no azul e vermelho distante prolongaram a dormência dos tubérculos, resultando em menos brotos e brotos de menor tamanho. Os níveis de carboidratos não foram afetados pelos tratamentos luminosos, principalmente quando comparamos aos tratamentos controle e com luz LED no vermelho distante. Utilizando-se das informações obtidas nos experimentos anteriores, o terceiro estudo visou verificar o efeito da aplicação da luz LED no vermelho distante (5 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) antes e continuamente durante o armazenamento das batatas. Os tubérculos foram expostos à luz LED no vermelho distante por 0 (controle), 2 ou 4 minutos antes do armazenamento, ou continuamente durante o armazenamento a 15°C. A exposição contínua à luz LED no vermelho distante reduziu significativamente o número e o desenvolvimento dos brotos, sendo seu efeito regulatório mais eficiente em relação à exposição pré-armazenamento. No entanto, a luz LED no vermelho distante não inibiu completamente o surgimento das brotações. Em relação à qualidade dos tubérculos, os tratados com luz LED no vermelho distante apresentaram menor teor de matéria seca, amido e açúcar solúvel total em comparação com o CIPC, mas não houve diferenças nos níveis de açúcares redutores. Concluiu-se que, embora promissor, o uso de luz LED no vermelho distante não foi totalmente eficaz para a inibição da brotação. Apesar disso, as luzes LED podem ser uma alternativa viável ao CIPC para o controle da brotação, mas ainda são necessários mais estudos para otimizar os protocolos de aplicação e entender os mecanismos fisiológicos envolvidos.Traditionally, sprouting inhibition in potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum
L.) during storage is achieved by applying carbamates (chlorpropham), also known as CIPC. These products are quite effective in controlling sprouting, but their application has raised questions from both an environmental and human health point of view. Therefore, many countries are not re-accepting the use of CIPC for this purpose. The onset of the sprouting process in potato tubers is related to the end of endodormancy and is affected by environmental and physiological factors. Among these environmental factors, light plays a fundamental role in the elongation of tuber sprouts, especially at wavelengths close to red-far red (700–730 nm) and blue (400 and 450 nm). However, no results were found for the use of light-emitting diodes (LED) to inhibit sprouting. Thus, the hypothesis of this study was that the use of LED light in the red, far-red, and blue regions will inhibit sprouting of potato tubers stored for long periods. For this purpose, potatoes of the Asterix cultivar were harvested and used in several experiments, aiming to: i. determine the best light quality (red, far-red, and blue) and fluences (0.1, 1.0, or 5.0 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) for sprouting inhibition compared to the application of CIPC; ii. determine the duration of light exposure (short or continuous) for effective sprouting inhibition compared to the application of CIPC; and iii. Determine the effect of LED treatment during prolonged storage of tubers on sprout development, as well as the chemical and biochemical parameters related to potato quality. In order to evaluate the best light quality and fluences for sprouting inhibition, in the first study, ‘Asterix’ potatoes were continuously irradiated with blue (0.1 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹), red (1.0 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹), and far-red (1.0 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) LED lights for 30 days at 15 °C. Treatment with CIPC and LED lights did not inhibit initial sprout development, but red and far-red LED lights were effective in controlling sprout growth, similar to that observed in seed potatoes. In addition, blue and far-red LED lights caused a reduction in the b* value of tuber color, indicating possible greening effects. Thus, although LED lights influence sprout development, their potential inhibitory effect depends on the light parameters as well as on the physiological state of the tubers, more specifically their physiological stage. The second study sought to identify the physiological and biochemical changes in potatoes treated with LED lights during prolonged storage. Tubers of the ‘Asterix’ cultivar were exposed to red (5 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹), far-red (5 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹), and blue (1 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) LED lights for up to 75 days at 15 °C. Treatments with blue and far-red LED lights prolonged tuber dormancy, resulting in fewer and smaller sprouts. Carbohydrate levels were not affected by the light treatments, especially when compared to the control and far-red LED light treatments. Using the information obtained in the previous experiments, the third study aimed to verify the effect of applying far-red LED light (5 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) before and continuously during potato storage. Tubers were exposed to far-red LED light for 0 (control), 2 or 4 minutes before storage, or continuously during storage at 15 °C. Continuous exposure to far-red LED light significantly reduced the number and development of sprouts, with its regulatory effect being more efficient compared to pre-storage exposure. However, far-red LED light did not completely inhibit sprouting. Regarding tuber quality, those treated with far-red LED light had lower dry matter, starch, and total soluble sugar content
vi compared to CIPC, but there were no differences in the levels of reducing sugars. It was concluded that, although promising, the use of far-red LED light was not fully effective in inhibiting sprouting. Despite this, LED lights may be a viable alternative to CIPC for sprouting control, but further studies are still needed to optimize application protocols and understand the physiological mechanisms involved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)FAPESP: 2021/05957-
Guided coronally advanced flap to treat gingival recession: Digital workflow and case report
No full textBACKGROUND: The inherently technique-sensitive nature of periodontal plastic procedures demands a significant level of skill and expertise. The incorporation of three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies emerges as a potential strategy to optimize and simplify surgical procedures. This case report describes the digital workflow and presents the clinical outcomes achieved using a guided coronally advanced flap for the treatment of a single gingival recession (GR). METHODS AND RESULTS: A female patient with a gingival recession type 1 (RT1 B-) defect on the mandibular second left premolar underwent successful treatment using a guided coronally advanced flap (g-CAF) and de-epithelized connective tissue graft (CTG). The digital planning included intraoral scanning of the mandible and hard palate using an intraoral scanner, with resulting polygon format (PLY) files exported for virtual model creation. The CAF guide was meticulously designed to orient horizontal and vertical incisions at the papillae base adjacent to the GR defect. For the donor site, a guide was specifically created, positioning the graft area 2 mm apically to the premolars' gingival margins. The delineation of this area involved two horizontal and vertical incisions, meticulously based on the dimensions of the GR. The digitally designed guides were then 3D-printed using a surgical guide-specific resin, contributing to the precise execution of the innovative surgical approach. Complete root coverage was achieved. CONCLUSION: This case report demonstrates that g-CAF can be a promising approach for the treatment of single GR. HIGHLIGHTS: Why is this case new information? To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first manuscript to report a guided procedure for the treatment of gingival recession. This report provides the digital workflow for the fabrication of a guide to perform the coronally advanced flap for single recession defects. What are the keys to successfully manage this case? It is necessary to adequately scan the recession defect area and palate. Properly not only design the guide using specific software but also print it. The guide has to be stable when in position for the surgical procedure. What are the primary limitations of this technique? This guide was designed to help surgeons during the incisions. However, it does not provide aid to split and release the flap and suture.National Center for Advancing Translational SciencesDivision of Periodontics Institute of Science and Technology São Paulo State University (Unesp)College of Dentistry University of KentuckyInstituto Queiroz OdontologiaDivision of Periodontics Institute of Science and Technology São Paulo State University (Unesp)National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences: UL1 TR00199
Fully 3D printed electrochemical cell design with integrated electrodes array: A simple and versatile tool for sustainable electroanalysis
No full text3D printing technology has led to major advancements in the fabrication of intricate electrochemical systems, with reduced costs and less environmentally impactful approaches driving research in electroanalysis. In this work, we investigate the use of 3D printing technology to create fully 3D-printed electrochemical device — with integrated electrode arrangement — aiming to conform the principles of sustainability and green analytical chemistry. The device components — solution reservoir, cell top, and electrode holder — were created using commercial ABS filament and a 3D-FDM desktop printer. Electrodes, including the working (WE), auxiliary (AE), and pseudo-reference electrodes (PRE), were printed directly into the electrode holder cavities using a conductive CB-PLA filament with a 3D printing pen. The potassium ferrocyanide/ferricyanide redox couple was used to demonstrate some important principles of voltammetric techniques, evaluate the functionality of the electrochemical system, study the activity of the electrode array, and determine its electrochemically active surface area. As a proof of concept, this designed electrochemical cell was used to simultaneously determine paracetamol (AAP) and sodium diclofenac (DCF) in environmental water samples. Recovery percentages ranging from 71.0 to 108 % and 83 to 113 % with detection limits of 0.21 and 0.051 μmol L−1 were determined for AAP and DCF, respectively. These analytical results are comparable to those from previously reported modified electrodes used for AAP and DCF detection. However, the 3D-FPED offers inherent advantages of 3D printing technology, including rapid and straightforward prototyping and fabrication, design flexibility and material selection, scalability, low cost, accessibility, and sustainability. Finally, the analytical method developed with target device was assessed for environmental impact using the AGREE calculator, and the obtained scores demonstrated adherence to the principles of Green Analytical Chemistry.Financiadora de Estudos e ProjetosFundação de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do SulConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, km 12, MSUniversidade Estadual de Londrina Departamento de Química, PRUNESP National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM) Institute of Chemistry, P.O. Box 355, SPUNESP National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM) Institute of Chemistry, P.O. Box 355, SPFinanciadora de Estudos e Projetos: 04.13.0448.00/2013Fundação de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul: 045/2018CNPq: 310827/2021-