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Role of Vibronic Coupling for the Dynamics of Intersystem Crossing in Eu3+ Complexes: an Avenue for Brighter Compounds
No full textUnderstanding the dynamics of photophysical processes in Ln3+ complexes remains challenging due to the intricate nature involving the metallic center, where sensitization (antenna effect) plays a pivotal role. Current studies have often overlooked the vibronic coupling within the antenna effect, leading to incomplete insights into excited-state dynamics. To address these shortcomings, we introduce a novel theoretical and computational approach that leverages the impact of the vibrational modes of the S1 and T1 states in this effect through the correlation function formalism, offering a comprehensive view of intersystem crossing (ISC). Our approach achieves a desirable alignment between empirical and theoretical rates, outperforming previously employed semiclassical methods. A groundbreaking finding is that vibronic coupling with vibrations in the 700-1600 cm-1 energy range is crucial for higher ISC, and local vibrational mode analysis identified that this process is driven by delocalized vibrations across the molecule. These results shed light on the key molecular fragments responsible for vibronic coupling, opening an avenue for harnessing faster ISC by tailoring the ligand scaffold. Overall, it also demonstrates how ISC dynamics can serve as a bridge between theory and experiment, furnishing detailed mechanistic insights and a roadmap for the development of brighter compounds.Department of Chemistry Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group Southern Methodist University (SMU)Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry School of Science and Technology São Paulo State University (UNESP)Academic Unit of Cabo de Santo Agostinho Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE)Aveiro Institute of Materials Physics Department University of AveiroInstitute of Chemistry University of São Paulo (USP)Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry School of Science and Technology São Paulo State University (UNESP
A “hipótese-h” de Sommerfeld-Debye: uma teoria semiclássica dos raios X, raios γ e do efeito fotoelétrico
No full textThis article examines the scientific controversy surrounding the semiclassical theory developed by Arnold Sommerfeld and Peter Debye between 1911 and 1913. Originally formulated during investigations into X-rays, the theory was expanded to address diverse atomic phenomena, including X-ray and gamma-ray (γ) emissions, ionization potentials, and, most notably, photoelectric emissions. The semiclassical theory - now referred to as the “h-hypothesis” - relied on the application of the “quantum of action”, introduced by Max Planck in his theory of black-body radiation, to calculate the energy absorbed by electrons. Simultaneously, it maintained compatibility with James C. Maxwell’s classical electromagnetic theory, preserving a classical conception of light and the resonant transfer of energy between light and matter. Drawing on methodologies from modern historiography of science, the study analyses primary and secondary sources on the early construction of quantum radiation theory, alongside biographical analyses of the scientists involved. The text provides a historical narrative that enables readers to understand the genesis, development, and refutation of the “h-hypothesis” through a collaborative perspective. As “supplementary material”, it presents the mathematical demonstration of the derivation of Albert Einstein’s renowned “photoelectric effect law”, (re)derived by Sommerfeld and Debye through the theoretical framework of the “h-hypothesis”.Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Três Lagoas, MSUniversidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Faculdade de Ciências, Bauru, SPUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul Instituto de Física, Campo Grande, MSUniversidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Faculdade de Ciências, Bauru, S
An environmental, social, and governance (ESG) model for multiple criteria analysis of investments
No full textThe selection of investment alternatives is a decision problem mostly solved by considering three criteria: liquidity, return, and risk. This article proposes a wider investment analysis, considering environmental and social criteria. Therefore, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) principles are considered in investments' multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA). There are several MCDA methods, so choosing a method is a prior problem in decision-making. In this article, the problem of selecting investment alternatives is divided into sorting and ranking alternatives. The Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) was applied for sorting, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied for ranking. Identifying these two methods as effective for the problem in question is an initial contribution of this work. The article also presents an ESG multicriteria hierarchical model for analyzing investment alternatives. Finally, the model is tested by analyzing five cooperative companies producing walnuts in the Brazilian Amazon. With the MAUT application, three companies were considered attractive for investment, while the other two were considered unattractive. With the AHP, the three attractive alternatives were ranked from best to worst for investment. Although ESG and MCDA are two fertile research fields, no document was found in the literature review combining ESG and MCDA in investment analysis. This literature gap raises a practical question: When something has not been applied, how can it be applied first? This is the main question answered by this article.Department of Production Universidade Estadual Paulista UNESP, SPDepartment of Productivity and Innovation Universidad de la Costa CUCDepartment of Production Universidade Estadual Paulista UNESP, S
Dye Contaminant Removal: Adsorption on Thermoplastic Starch/Kraft Lignin Composites and Photodegradation
No full textThis study investigated the removal of contaminants in water by adsorption on thermoplastic starch (TPS) and kraft lignin (KL) composites. A study on the desorption of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) dyes in water was also carried out, followed by the photodegradation of solutions containing dissolved dyes. Initially, the surface morphology of the TPS and TPS-KL films was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, revealing advantageous characteristics for efficient adsorption of contaminants. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis made it possible to characterize the TPS and TPS-KL composites. The results demonstrate the reversibility of the process and confirm the lack of permanent chemical modification in the polymer matrix, indicating that the adsorption/desorption process is physical rather than chemical. This suggests that the adsorbent material can be reused without losing its fundamental structural properties. Furthermore, the study allows for verification of the chemical changes on the surfaces of the materials involved. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) results show that for MO, both substrates exhibited low adsorption capacity, with efficiency values close to 20%. In contrast, for MB, both composite materials displayed excellent dye adsorption rates, achieving efficiencies of 78% or higher. The photodegradation of adsorbed dyes revealed promising results.Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia para a Sustentabilidade (CCTS) Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), SPInstituto de Ciência e Tecnologia (ICT) Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), SPInstituto de Ciência e Tecnologia (ICT) Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), S
Poly(Ionic) Liquid-Enhanced Ion Dynamics in Cellulose-Derived Gel Polymer Electrolytes
No full textGel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are regarded as a promising alternative to conventional electrolytes, combining the advantages of solid and liquid electrolytes. Leveraging the abundance and eco-friendliness of cellulose-based materials, GPEs were produced using methyl cellulose and incorporating various doping agents, either an ionic liquid (1-Butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [Pyr14][TFSI]), its polymeric ionic liquid analogue (Poly(diallyldimethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) [PDADMA][TFSI]), or an anionically charged backbone polymeric ionic liquid (lithium poly[(4-styrenesulfonyl)(trifluoromethyl(S-trifluoromethylsulfonylimino) sulfonyl) imide] LiP[STFSI]). The ion dynamics and molecular interactions within the GPEs were thoroughly analyzed using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Heteronuclear Overhauser Enhancement Spectroscopy (HOESY), and Pulsed-Field Gradient Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Diffusion (PFG-NMR). Li+ transference numbers (tLi+) were successfully calculated. Our study found that by combining slow-diffusing polymeric ionic liquids (PILs) with fast-diffusing lithium salt, we were able to achieve transference numbers comparable to those of liquid electrolytes, especially with the anionic PIL, LiP[STFSI]. This research highlights the influence of the polymer′s nature on lithium-ion transport within GPEs. Additionally, micro supercapacitor (MSC) devices assembled with these GPEs exhibited capacitive behavior. These findings suggest that further optimization of GPE composition could significantly improve their performance, thereby positioning them for application in sustainable and efficient energy storage systems.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Eletrônica OrgânicaFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)HORIZON EUROPE Framework ProgrammeFundação Amparo e Desenvolvimento da PesquisaFundação para a Ciência e a TecnologiaHORIZON EUROPE European Research CouncilI3N Cenimat Department of Materials Science (DCM) NOVA School of Science and Technology NOVA University of LisbonCentro de Química Estrutural Institute of Molecular Sciences and Departamento de Engenharia Química Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco PaisSchool of Technology and Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP), SPDpto. Física de la Materia Condensada Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (Universidad de Sevilla-CSIC, Avda. Americo Vespucio 49UCIBIO Department of Chemistry NOVA School of Science and Technology NOVA University of LisbonSchool of Technology and Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP), SPFAPESP: #2021/14141-1HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme: 101096021Fundação Amparo e Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa: 2018/02604-4Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia: 2021. 03255.CEECINDFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia: 2022.01493.PTDC GAMBITFundação Amparo e Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa: 2022/12332-7Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia: CEECIND/00880/2018HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council: ERC-AdG-2017HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council: GA 787410Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia: LA/P/ 0037/2020Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia: PINFRA/22161/2016Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia: PTNMR-ROTEIRO/0031/2013Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia: SFRH/BD/133447/2017Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia: UIDB/50006/2020Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia: UIDB/50025/2020Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia: UIDP/ 50006/2020Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia: UIDP/50025/202
Toxicological analysis and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant evaluations of extract, fractions and secoxyloganin obtained from Guettarda viburnoides Cham. & Schltdl. in mice
No full textEthnopharmacological relevance: Guettarda viburnoides, “veludinho do campo, is traditionally used for the treatment of pain and inflammatory conditions in humans; however, only one scientific study has reported this effect in an ear inflammatory model. Therefore, it is necessary to explore other in vivo models and the chemical composition of this medicinal plant. Aim of the study: A chemical investigation of methanolic extract of G. viburnoides (MEGV) (leaves) led to the isolation of secoxyloganin (GV-1). In addition, the preclinical safety of MEGV (in acute and subacute toxicological models, gavage = p.o.), antioxidants of MEGV, ethyl acetate (EAFGV) and hydromethanolic (HMFGV) fractions were tested using free radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation methodologies, and the anti-inflammatory effects of MEGV, HMFGV and GV-1 (p.o.) were evaluated on carrageenan and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) models of inflammation in mice. Materials and methods: MEGV was obtained from air-dried leaves by maceration with methanol at room temperature. MEGV was then purified by liquid-liquid partitioning, to obtain the EAFGV and HMFGV fractions. Purification of HMFGV afforded GV-1. The quantification of total phenols, flavonoids, flavonols, and condensed tannins was subsequently performed for MEGV. The antioxidant activity of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2, 2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and oxidation of β-carotene were evaluated in MEGV and its fractions. The anti-inflammatory activity of MEGV (3, 30, and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) was assayed in carrageenan-induced models, followed by assessments of MEGV (100 mg/kg, p.o.), HMFGV (3 and 30 mg/kg, p.o.) and GV-1 (3 mg/kg, p.o.) in CFA-induced models in mice (including paw oedema, mechanical allodynia and cold sensitivity). Acute (14 days of MEGV, 2000 mg/kg, p.o.) and subacute (28 days, MEGV 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg, p.o.) toxicity was assessed in female Swiss mice. Results: The major compound was secoxyloganin (GV-1). The oral acute toxicity test of MEGV revealed no evidence of toxicity, indicating low toxicity according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines. In the subacute toxicity group, no clinical signs of toxicity or changes in body weight, water consumption, food consumption, or organ weight or morphology were observed after 28 days of gavage with MEGV (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg) compared with those in the control group. MEGV, EAFGV, and HMFGV showed significant free-radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation activities, with IC50 values ≤ 26.38 ± 4.56 μg/mL. In in vivo anti-inflammatory assays, MEGV (3, 30 and 100 mg/kg) reduced carrageenan-induced oedema (2 and 4 h) and hyperalgesia (3 and 4 h). In the CFA model, MEGV (100 mg/kg), HMFGV (30 mg/kg) and GV-1 (3 mg/kg) reduced inflammation (at 3, 4 and 24 h) in all parameters (oedema, mechanical allodynia and cold sensitivity). Conclusion: This study revealed that G. viburnoides has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and no toxicity was detected after acute or subacute gavage with MEGV, validating its traditional use in the treatment of inflammatory conditions.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Federal University of Grande Dourados College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, MSFederal University of Grande Dourados College of Health Science, MSInstitute of Biosciences of Botucatu Department of Structural and Functional Biology University Estadual Paulista – Botucatu (UNESP)Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu Department of Structural and Functional Biology University Estadual Paulista – Botucatu (UNESP
Application of the direct costing method in a transportation company from the southwest of São Paulo State
No full textAtualmente, o setor de transporte desempenha um papel fundamental na movimentação de cargas e insumos, e em toda a cadeia logística de suprimentos, sendo assim, um dos pilares da economia brasileira e mundial. No Brasil, entre os diversos modais de transporte, destaca-se o modal rodoviário, responsável por assegurar o fluxo eficiente de insumos, permitindo que os fornecedores entreguem suas cargas de maneira precisa e no momento exato em que os clientes necessitam. No entanto, para realizar o transporte de insumos, as transportadoras enfrentam diversos problemas e desafios recorrentes, que podem impactar na eficiência de seus serviços e na gestão de seus custos operacionais. Sabe-se que o principal intuito de uma empresa é atender às necessidades da sociedade por meio da produção de bens ou serviços. Porém, para que uma empresa se mantenha competitiva no mercado e financeiramente estável, é necessário que haja uma gestão de custos eficiente. Dessa forma, é possível reduzir as despesas e aumentar a lucratividade, fortalecendo seu poder econômico. Com base nessa premissa, este estudo teve como objetivo aplicar o método de custeio direto, em uma transportadora sediada na região sudoeste do Estado de São Paulo. Com isso, foi conduzido um estudo de caso, que teve como procedimento a avaliação dos dados obtidos, por meio de consultas à planilhas eletrônicas referentes aos gastos fixos e variáveis, e ao faturamento em determinado período da empresa, para analisar seu ponto de equilíbrio e margem de segurança. Por meio dos resultados obtidos, tornou-se possível observar como o método de custeio direto permite avaliar detalhadamente o desempenho financeiro de cada operação, mostrando quais delas contribuem mais ativamente com o faturamento da empresa, e quais podem comprometer sua rentabilidade. Portanto, conclui se que a aplicação do custeio direto é altamente recomendável para empresas do setor de transporte, pois proporciona uma visão mais clara e objetiva sobre os elementos que impactam diretamente na rentabilidade e na gestão de custos. Dessa forma, a adoção desse método pode fortalecer o processo decisório e aumentar a competitividade da empresa no mercado, melhorando sua capacidade de se adaptar diante das flutuações de demanda do mercado.Currently, the transportation sector plays a crucial role in the movement of goods and supplies, as well as in the entire logistics and supply chain, making it one of the pillars of both the Brazilian and global economies. In Brazil, among the various modes of transportation, road transport stands out as the main one, being responsible for ensuring the efficient flow of supplies and enabling suppliers to deliver their goods accurately and at the exact time customers need them. However, to carry out the transportation of goods, logistics companies face several recurring challenges and problems, which can affect the efficiency of their services and the management of their operational costs. It is well known that the primary purpose of a company is to meet the needs of society through the production of goods or the provision of services. Nevertheless, to remain competitive in the market and financially stable, a company must implement efficient cost management. This allows for expense reduction and increased profitability, strengthening its economic standing. Based on this premise, this study aimed to apply the direct costing method to a transportation company located in the southwest region of the State of São Paulo. A case study was conducted, involving the analysis of data obtained through electronic spreadsheets containing information on fixed and variable costs, as well as revenues over a given period, to evaluate the company’s break-even point and margin of safety.The results showed that the direct costing method enables a detailed evaluation of the financial performance of each operation, highlighting which ones contribute most to the company’s revenue and which may compromise its profitability. Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of the direct costing method is highly recommended for companies in the transportation sector, as it provides a clearer and more objective view of the elements that directly impact profitability and cost management. Thus, adopting this method can strengthen the decision-making process and enhance the company's competitiveness in the market by improving its ability to adapt to fluctuations in demand
Multipurpose Fluorescent Nanocarriers: Environmental Behavior, Toxicity and Internalization on Marine Microalgae
No full textEngineered nanomaterials (ENMs), such as silica mesoporous nanocapsules (SiNC), have emerged as a powerful tool for the controlled delivery and release of active compounds in various fields. However, the environmental impact of SiNC on marine biota, particularly when they enter the marine environment through wastewater effluents or direct release from maritime coatings, remains poorly understood. Studying their effects is thus crucial for environmental and human health protection, the development of safe-by-design ENMs, and informed policy-making. This study aims to assess the ecotoxicological effects and internalization of industrially-relevant SiNC in marine phytoplankton, namely on the microalgae Tetraselmis chuii, Nannochloropsis gaditana, and Isochrysis galbana, and diatoms Phaeodactylum tricornutum, and Chaetoceros calcitrans. For this purpose, a fluorescent nanocarrier (SiNC-UMB) is developed by labeling the SiNC with the fluorescent natural dye umbelliferone (UMB). UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopic analyses confirmed the successful loading of UMB into SiNC. Phytoplankton can internalize these ENMs, even at low concentrations, although adsorption to the cell wall can also occur. This confirms the internal exposure and growth inhibition observed in the microalgae. These findings highlight the potential of using SiNC-UMB as a valuable tool for tracking their uptake and assessing their effects on marine biota and beyond.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)São Paulo State University (UNESP), Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, São PauloCICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering CESAM – Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies Department of Biology University of AveiroCESAM – Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies Department of Biology University of AveiroDepartment of Biology University of AveiroSmallmatek – Small Materials and Technologies Lda Rua CanhasCICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering University of AveiroSão Paulo State University (UNESP), Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, São PauloFAPESP: 2017/10211-0FAPESP: 2019/19898-3CAPES: 88881.156405/2017-01CNPq: CNPq #308533/2018-
Influence of La2O3 Addition on CuO/CeO2 Catalysts for the Water-Gas Shift Reaction
No full textCuO/CeO2 and CuO/xCeO2-yLa2O3 catalysts, synthesized with varying CeO2 and La2O3 molar ratios (1:1, 1:2, and 2:1), were prepared via the hydrothermal method and tested in the water-gas shift reaction (150-350 °C). La2O3 addition altered structural properties, reducing surface area and copper dispersion. XANES and in situ XRD confirmed metallic Cu species during reduction and reaction. Catalytic tests revealed CuO/CeO2 excelled at low temperatures, while La2O3-doped catalysts, especially CuO/1CeO2-1 La2O3, performed better at 250-350 °C. Stability tests showed La2O3-doped catalysts resisted deactivation and sintering better than CuO/CeO2, even with CO2 and H2 in the feed.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Federal University of São CarlosSão Paulo State UniversityFederal University of ItajubáFederal University of São João del-ReiSão Paulo State Universit
Initial teacher training on pedagogical practices with playground equipment in early childhood education: challenges for the curriculum
No full textAs instituições de educação infantil recebem crianças que inclui o grupo designado como bebês (quatro a 18 meses) segundo a Base Nacional Comum Curricular e deve oferecer um ambiente propício para seu desenvolvimento integral, sendo responsabilidade dessas instituições e de seus profissionais fornecê-lo. Os equipamentos do playground, enquanto parte desse contexto, são ricos em estímulos, podendo ser apropriados pelo profissional da educação para propor atividades que envolvam as habilidades motoras, sensoriais, cognitivas e sociais dos bebês. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é analisar e discutir a formação inicial para a prática pedagógica com equipamentos de playground na atuação educacional junto aos bebês, a partir da percepção dos graduandos acerca do Projeto Político Pedagógico (PPP) e Planos de Ensino (PE) dos seis cursos de Pedagogia de uma universidade pública do Estado de São Paulo. A pesquisa dividiu-se em dois estudos, o primeiro com o objetivo de analisar e discutir a percepção dos discentes sobre sua formação para a prática pedagógica com equipamentos de playground na atuação educacional junto aos bebês, por curso de Pedagogia. A coleta de dados foi organizada em questionário da plataforma Google, respondido por 937 graduandos, os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva. O segundo estudo objetivou identificar e analisar nos PPPs e nos PEs dos cursos de Pedagogia a formação para a prática pedagógica com equipamentos de playground na atuação educacional junto aos bebês. Para tal, os PPPs e os PEs foram analisados com auxílio do software Atlas.ti (versão 9), que permitiu a identificação de códigos relativos à educação de bebês e à prática pedagógica com equipamentos do playground. Ao final, o conjunto dos dados foi discutido, estabelecendo as relações entre as percepções de graduandos e o que está documentado nos cursos de graduação a respeito da formação inicial de professores para a prática pedagógica com equipamentos de playground junto a bebês. Os resultados indicaram que a maioria dos graduandos que participaram da pesquisa, independente do curso de pedagogia, concorda ser importante propor e planejar as atividades com equipamentos do playground junto a bebês e que esses colaboram na aprendizagem. Quanto à análise dos documentos, os PPPs são bastante gerais, tratando a educação infantil como parte do processo formativo juntamente com os anos inicias do ensino fundamental, em concordância com as diretrizes pra a formação desse profissional. No entanto, verificou-se que os PEs das disciplinas que apresentavam alguma relação com educação infantil falam pouco de bebês e das atividades usadas nas práticas pedagógicas, sem citações diretas aos equipamentos do playground. Dessa forma, confirmou-se que a formação inicial do pedagogo é insuficiente para compreensão do playground como um espaço que pode e deve ser utilizado para atividades educacionais para atingir objetivos de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento junto aos bebês. Há que se aprimorar os processos de formação inicial do pedagogo, com conteúdos que permitam conhecer as particularidades da atuação com as diferentes faixas etárias da educação infantil, especialmente as relacionadas aos bebês e às práticas pedagógicas com equipamentos de playground, intencionais e direcionadas aos objetivos de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento.Early childhood education institutions receive children that include the group designated as babies (four to 18 months) according to the National Common Curriculum Base and must offer an environment suitable to their integral development, and it is the responsibility of these institutions and their professionals to provide it. Playground equipment, as part of this context, is rich in stimuli and can be used by education professionals to propose activities that involve babies' motor, sensory, cognitive and social skills. The general aim of this work is to analyze and discuss initial training for pedagogical practice with playground equipment in educational work with babies, based on the perception of undergraduates about the Political Pedagogical Project (PPP) and Teaching Plans (PE) of the six Pedagogy courses at a public university in the state of São Paulo. The research was divided into two studies, the first with the aim of analyzing and discussing the perception of students about their training for pedagogical practice with playground equipment in educational work with babies, by Pedagogy course. Data gathering was organized in a survey on the Google platform, answered by 937 undergraduates, and this data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The second study’s objective was to identify and analyze the training for pedagogical practice with playground equipment in educational work with babies in the PPPs and PEs of Pedagogy courses. To this end, the PPPs and PEs were analyzed using Atlas.ti software (version 9), which enabled the identification of codes relating to the education of babies and pedagogical practice with playground equipment. At the end, the data set was discussed, establishing the relationship between the perceptions of undergraduates and what is documented in undergraduate courses regarding initial teacher training for pedagogical practice with playground equipment for babies. The results indicate that the majority of undergraduates who took part in the research, regardless of their pedagogy course, agree that it is important to propose and plan activities with playground equipment for babies and that this helps with learning. As for the analysis of the documents, the PPPs are quite general, treating early childhood education as part of the training process along with the early years of primary education, in line with the guidelines for the training of this professional. However, it was found that the PEs of the subjects that had some relation to early childhood education talks little about babies and the activities used in pedagogical practices, with no direct mention of playground equipment. This confirmed that the initial training of pedagogues is insufficient to understand the playground as a space that can and should be used for educational activities to achieve learning and development objectives with babies. There is a need to improve the processes of initial teacher training, with content that allows them to know the particularities of working with the different age groups in early childhood education, especially those related to babies and pedagogical practices with playground equipment, intentional and directed towards learning and development objectives.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Processo CNPQ 408824/2021-2Processo FAPESP n.018/11392-