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Fish communities in seasonally isolated lagoons of the Upper Paraná River basin, Southeastern Brazil
No full textMarginal lagoons are natural nurseries of commercially important fish species and preferential habitats for sedentary and small-sized fish species. The composition and abundance of fish communities in seasonally isolated lagoons of the Turvo River, qualitative and quantitative changes in the dry and rainy seasons, as well as their relationship with environmental factors, were investigated. The material was sampled in both seasons in six marginal lagoons. Ichthyofauna was studied through species richness, diversity, evenness, qualitative and quantitative similarities, and ecological associations between samples and species. A total of 7457 specimens, distributed among 52 species, 40 genera, 19 families, and five orders, were recorded. The most abundant species were Astyanax lacustris, Serrapinnus heterodon, Pterygoplichthys ambrosettii, Hyphessobrycon eques, and Moenkhausia intermedia. Fish communities showed remarkable seasonality with the highest values of species richness and abundance in the rainy season. In both seasons, higher species richness was found in environments with the largest area and amount of macrophyte species. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed that water temperature and alkalinity were significantly associated with ichthyofauna structure. Despite adverse conditions in isolated seasonal lagoons, global fish diversity was high due to heterogeneous environmental conditions. These habitats must be considered priority areas for fish conservation and management.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, BrazilSao Paulo State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, BrazilCNPq: 142.180/2005-0FAPESP: 04/00545-
The effect of storage, smoke and its isolated compounds on the germination of Cerrado species
No full textEm ambientes propensos a distúrbios de fogo, a fumaça é um dos subprodutos gerados com capacidade de estimular a germinação de sementes. No entanto, seu efeito para espécies do Cerrado, ainda é pouco estudado, frente a grande riqueza de espécies. No Capítulo I, avaliamos o efeito da fumaça na germinação de 42 espécies de campo rupestre, campo úmido e savana, constatando que apenas algumas espécies respondem à fumaça. No Capítulo II, investigamos o efeito da fumaça, armazenamento e sua interação sobre a germinação de 36 espécies, tanto de campo úmido quanto de savana. Observamos que algumas espécies podem responder exclusivamente à fumaça ou ao armazenamento, além de apresentar resultados favorecidos com a interação entre os dois fatores. No Capítulo III, avaliamos o efeito da fumaça em diferentes lotes de sementes, e o efeito de três compostos isolados da fumaça (hidroquinona, carriquina e mandelonitrila) sobre a germinação de espécies de Cerrado. Encontramos que o efeito da fumaça pode variar de acordo com o lote de sementes, e que algumas espécies respondem aos compostos, mas não a fumaça em si. Além disso, todos os três compostos são capazes de estimular a germinação das espécies, embora a hidroquinona possa ser prejudicial em altas concentrações. Os tratamentos testados mostraram eficácia em favorecer a germinação de algumas espécies, podendo nestes casos ser aplicados em projetos de restauração ecológica.In environments characterized by frequent fire disturbances, smoke has been identified as a seed germination stimulant. However, the impact of smoke on species native to the Cerrado biome remains under-explored, primarily due to the vast diversity of species within this ecosystem. In Chapter I, an evaluation was conducted of the effect of smoke on the germination of 42 species from rupestrian fields, wet grasslands, and savannas. In Chapter II, the investigation was conducted into the effect of smoke, storage, and their interaction on 36 species from wet grasslands and savanas. We observed that some species can respond exclusively to smoke or storage, as well as showing favorable results with the interaction between the two factors. In Chapter III, we evaluated the effect of smoke on different batches of seeds, and the effect of three compounds isolated from smoke (hydroquinone, karrikin 1, and mandelonitrile) on the germination of Cerrado species. We found that the effect of smoke can vary according to the batch of seeds, and that some species respond to the compounds, but not to the smoke itself. Furthermore, all three compounds tested were found to stimulate germination, although high concentrations of hydroquinone exhibited potential toxicity. The treatments tested were effective in promoting the germination of some species and could be applied in ecological restoration projects.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)00
Predicting frugivore generated seed rain in different environmental contexts: a modelling approach applied to a forest specialist
No full textFrugivorous primates play a key role in the regeneration of tropical forests, ecosystems that have been heavily deforested and altered, by dispersing viable seeds via endozoochory. Due to their highly contingent and site-specific behavioural and ranging responses to habitat change, simulation models can help to better understand the consequences of different environmental contexts on their seed dispersal services. Here, we extended a previously developed agent-based model (ABM), to reproduce, in silico, the spatially explicit seed dispersal pattern (seed rain) of an endangered Neotropical primate, the black lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysopygus). The model focused on behavioural modes, thus integrating responses to resources (fruiting trees) with motion capacity and internal energy state. We validated the model with data from four lion tamarin groups inhabiting forest fragments of different sizes: one small (100 ha), one medium-sized (515 ha), one continuous (33800 ha) and one riparian forest. In all four forest types, our model produced realistic movement patterns as well as seed dispersal patterns generated by these lion tamarin groups, suggesting it captured most of the processes resulting in the seed rain. We compared the simulated patterns with observed patterns by comparing the used area (hectares), daily path length, activity budget, movement rate, path twisting and the defendability index (all related to movement). Simulated used areas only matched with empirical observations after the implementation of resource monitoring behaviour at the territory border. This underlines the need of specific behavioural rules based on the pattern-based modelling approach to successfully generate the observed patterns. The model slightly overestimated the seed dispersal distance (SDD) and the pattern of seed deposition was less aggregated than observed empirically, but still congruent with sampling limitations. The model can run on a small set of parameters that can be estimated within a few days of data collection (feeding and sleeping tree coordinates and group behaviour sampling), thus having the potential to predict the seed rain from multiple groups of lion tamarins. Finally, we discussed potential improvements and encouraged replication of such modelling efforts to other forest dependent species, enabling a spatially explicit evaluation of the processes guiding the seed rain by forest specialists in different environmental contexts.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)São Paulo State University (UNESP) Institute of Biosciences Department of Biodiversity Primatology Lab, SPNorthwest German Forest Research InstituteVerhaltensökologie & Soziobiologie Deutsches Primatenzentrum – Leibniz-Institut für PrimatenforschungUniversity of Liège Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech Forest is LifeUniversity of Rennes 1São Paulo State University (UNESP) Institute of Biosciences Department of Biodiversity Primatology Lab, SPCNPq: #314964/2021-5FAPESP: 2018/15625-0FAPESP: 2020/11129-8FAPESP: 2021/06668‐0FAPESP: 2021/10284-2FAPESP: 2023/01760-0CAPES: 88881.846203/2023-01FAPESP: FAPESP 2014/14739‐
High Positive End-expiratory Pressure (PEEP) with Recruitment Maneuvers versus Low PEEP during General Anesthesia for Surgery: A Bayesian Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis of Three Randomized Clinical Trials
No full textBackground: The influence of high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) with recruitment maneuvers on the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications after surgery is still not definitively established. Bayesian analysis can help to gain further insights from the available data and provide a probabilistic framework that is easier to interpret. The objective was to estimate the posterior probability that the use of high PEEP with recruitment maneuvers is associated with reduced postoperative pulmonary complications in patients with intermediate-to-high risk under neutral, pessimistic, and optimistic expectations regarding the treatment effect. Methods: Multilevel Bayesian logistic regression analysis was performed on individual patient data from three randomized clinical trials carried out on surgical patients at intermediate to high risk for postoperative pulmonary complications. The main outcome was the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications in the early postoperative period. This study examined the effect of high PEEP with recruitment maneuvers versus low PEEP ventilation. Priors were chosen to reflect neutral, pessimistic, and optimistic expectations of the treatment effect. Results: Using a neutral, pessimistic, or optimistic prior, the posterior mean odds ratio for high PEEP with recruitment maneuvers compared to low PEEP was 0.85 (95% credible interval, 0.71 to 1.02), 0.87 (0.72 to 1.04), and 0.86 (0.71 to 1.02), respectively. Regardless of prior beliefs, the posterior probability of experiencing a beneficial effect exceeded 90%. Subgroup analysis indicated a more pronounced effect in patients who underwent laparoscopy (odds ratio, 0.67 [0.50 to 0.87]) and those at high risk for postoperative pulmonary complications (odds ratio, 0.80 [0.53 to 1.13]). Sensitivity analysis, considering severe postoperative pulmonary complications only or applying a different heterogeneity prior, yielded consistent results. Conclusions: High PEEP with recruitment maneuvers demonstrated a moderate reduction in the probability of postoperative pulmonary complication occurrence, with a high posterior probability of benefit observed consistently across various prior beliefs, particularly among patients who underwent laparoscopy.Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine La Fe Research InstitutePerioperative Medicine Research GroupDepartment of Statistics and Operational Research Universidad de ValenciaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of AlbertaPROVE Network Alberta Health ServicesIRCCS San Martino Policlinico HospitalUniversity of GenoaDepartment of Surgical Sciences and Integrated DiagnosticsHospital Israelita Albert EinsteinDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Av Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinCardio-Pulmonary Department Pulmonary Division Heart Institute Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculty of Medicine University of Sao PauloPulmonary Engineering Group Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Technical University DresdenDepartments of Intensive Care and of Anesthesiology Amsterdam University Medical CentersDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital Clinic de Barcelona Research Institute August Pi i SunyerCenter of Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases Health Institute Carlos IIINavarrabiomed-Fundación Miguel Servet Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC)INCLIVA Clinical Research Institute Clinical Hospital University of ValenciaDepartment of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics University of GenoaDepartment of Intensive Care Resuscitation Cardiothoracic Anesthesia and Outcomes Research Institute of Anesthesiology Cleveland ClinicDepartment of Intensive Care and Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit Faculty of Tropical Medicine Mahidol UniversityNuffield Department of Medicine University of OxfordDepartment of Anesthesia General Intensive Care and Pain Management Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine Medical University ViennaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine Cardio Pulmonary Department Pulmonary DivisionDepartment of Intensive Care Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre (ANZIC-RC) Monash UniversityDepartment of Critical Care Melbourne Medical School University of Melbourne Austin HospitalDepartment of Critical Care Medicine Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinCardio-Pulmonary Department Pulmonary Division Instituto do Coração Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de Sao PauloPulmonary Engineering Group Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität DresdenDepartment of Intensive Care Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology The Department of Anesthesiology Amsterdam University Medical Center University of AmsterdamDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital Clinic de BarcelonaUniversity Clinic Hospital ValenciaDepartment of anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine University of LeipzigDepartment of Anesthesiology Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine Pain Therapy Bergmannstrost Hospital HalleDepartment of Intensive Care Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology Amsterdam University Medical Center University of AmsterdamMahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit Faculty of Tropical Medicine Mahidol UniversityDépartement d'Anesthésiologie Pharmacologie Soins Intensifs et Urgences Service d'Anesthésiologie Hôpitaux Universitaires de GenèveFaculty of Medicine Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève University of GenevaIstanbul University Istanbul Faculty of MedicineAlexandra General HospitalDipartimento di Anestesia Universita' dell'Insubria Azienda Ospedaliera ASST Sette Laghi Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione MacchiDepartment of Anesthesiology Mansoura UniversityINCLIVA Biomedical Research InstituteDepartment of Anesthesiology King Abdullah Medical CityCIBER of Respiratory Disease Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIDepartment of Anesthesiology Centro Hospitalar São JoãoWeill Cornell Medicine Department of Anesthesiology New York-Presbyterian HospitalDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Hospital de ManisesResearch Group in Perioperative Medicine Hospital Universitario y Politecnico la FeStruttura Complessa Anestesia e Rianimazione Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo Centro Ricerca Cordinata Insufficienza RespiratoriaDepartment of Anesthesiology Hospital Clínic Insituto de Invesitigación Biomédica August Pi y Sunyer Universitat de BarcelonaUniversity Clinic of Surgery 'Ss Naum Ohridski' Faculty of Medicine University 'Ss Cyril and Methodius'Department of Morphology Surgery and Experimental Medicine Anesthesia and Intensive Care University Section University of FerraraHull and East Yorkshire Hospitals National Health Service TrustDokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive CareUniversidade Aberta Departamento de Ciências e TecnologiaDipartimento di Anestesia Azienda Ospedaliera Asst Settlaghi Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi Universita' dell'InsubriaSouthmead Hospital North Bristol National Health Service TrustDepartment of Anesthesiology Amsterdam University Medical Center University of AmsterdamDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine University Hospital of BonnDepartment of Biotechnologies and Sciences of Life University of InsubriaHospital Principe de AsturiasDepartment of Intensive Care Amsterdam University Medical Center University of AmsterdamHospital General Universitario de Ciudad RealDepartment of Anesthesiology Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i PujolDivision of Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medical University ViennaClinical Hospital Sveti Duh Faculty of Medicine J.J Strossmayer UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology Reanimation and Intensive Care Medicine University Clinic for Traumatology Orthopedics Anesthesia Reanimation Intensive Care and Emergency CenterDepartment of Critical Care Medicine and Anesthesiology (SAR B) Saint Eloi University HospitalDepartment of Medical Sciences and Clinical Physiology Uppsala UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine University Hospital BonnKlinik für Anästhesiologie Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus BochumDepartment of Anesthesiology University of Colorado School of MedicineDepartment of Intensive Care Department of Intensive Care and Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology Amsterdam University Medical Center University of AmsterdamDipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Diagnostiche Integrate Universita degli Studi di GenovaHospital Universitari Germans Trias i PujolUniversity of Insubria Azienda Ospedaliera Fondazione Macchi Ospedale di CircoloJohannes Gutenberg Universität MainzUniversità degli Studi di Genova IRCCS San Martino ISTHospital Sant PauSt Marienhospital gGmbh FriesoytheDepartment of Anesthesiology Intensive Care and Pain Medicine University Hospital MunsterUniversità degli Studi di PalermoUniversity Hospital Dresden Technische Universität DresdenUniversity of LeipzigDepartment of Anesthesiology St. Michael's Hospital University of TorontoDepartment of Intensive Care Medicine Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Research Organization (MICRO) St James's HospitalDüsseldorf University Hospital Heinrich-Heine University DüsseldorfGhent University HospitalUniversity Hospital Sveti DuhUniversity Magna Graecia of CatanzaroAzienda Sanitaria Locale TO3 Ospedale di RivoliUniversity Hospital of Bonn Medical SchoolSt. Richard's HospitalConsorcio Hospital General Universitario ValenciaCentro de Investigação Clínica em Anestesiologia Serviço de Anestesiologia Centro Hospitalar do PortoUniversity of FoggiaInstituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar Universidade do PortoZNA MiddelheimMassachusetts General HospitalUniversity of Napoli Federico IIAshford and St. Peters National Health Service Foundation TrustDepartment of Anesthesiology Hospital ClínicDepartement d'Anesthesiologie Pharmacologie Soins Intensifs et Urgences Service d'Anesthesiologie Faculty of Medicine Hopitaux Universitaires de Geneve University of GenevaSheffield Teaching HospitalsDepartment of Anesthesiology Hospital do Cancer II National Cancer Institute of BrazilUniversità degli Studi di UdineHospital de Gran Canaria, Dr. NegrínDepartment of Anesthesiology University Clinic for Traumatology Orthopedics Anesthesia Reanimation Intensive Care and Emergency CenterHospital General Universitario de ValenciaHospital Clínico de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileDepartment of Anesthesiology Medical Faculty Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen UniversityAZ St JanVirga Jesse ZiekenhuisFatih Sultan Mehmet Educational and Research HospitalClinic of Anesthesiology Reanimatology and Intensive Care Medicine University Hospital DubravaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Pulmonary Engineering Group University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universitat DresdenFundación PuigvertMayo ClinicMarmara University Pendik Training and Research HospitalAcademic Medical Center University of AmsterdamDepartment of Anesthesiology University Hospital Duesseldorf Heinrich-Heine University DuesseldorfDepartment of Surgery Mayo ClinicClinical Hospital Sveti Duh J.J. Strossmayer Faculty of MedicineDepartment of anesthesiology University Hospital WürzburgRoyal Stoke University Hospital University Hospitals of North Midlands National Health Service Trust, Stoke-on-TrentDepartement d'Anesthesiologie Pharmacologie Soins Intensifs et Urgences Service d'Anesthesiologie Hopitaux Universitaires de GeneveHospital Fundación de AlcorcónTania Socorro Hospital Clínico Universitario de ValenciaPolyclinique Montier la CelleMagill Department of Anesthesia Chelsea and Westminster National Health Service Foundation TrustAnestesia e Rianimazione IRCCS Policlinico San MartinoConsorcio Hospital General Universitario of ValenciaMayo Clinic ArizonaWeill Cornell MedicineDepartment of Anesthesia Surgical Intensive Care Prehospital Emergency Medicine and Pain Therapy University Hospital Basel University of BaselDepartment of Anesthesiology Onze Lieve Vrouwe GasthuisAneszteziológiai és Intenzív Terápiás Klinika Semmelweis EgyetemDepartment of Anesthesiology and Surgical Critical Care Hospital Universitario La PazDepartment of Women Child and General and Specialized Surgery University of Campania 'L Vanvitelli'SC Anestesia e Rianimazione Asst Santi Paolo e Carlo Centro Ricerca Cordinata Insufficienza RespiratoriaBarts Health National Health Service TrustDepartment of Anesthesiology Centro Hospitalar de Entre o Douro e Vouga São Sebastião HospitalUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine Department of AnesthesiologySt. Elizabeth's Medical CenterUniversità degli Studi di Roma CattolicaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine University of FoggiaDepartments of Anesthesiology King Abdullah Medical CityFrauenfeld Cantonal HospitalAssociação Hospitalar Beneficente São Vicente de PauloDepartment of Oncology Shanghai Medical College Fudan UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterMontefiore Medical CenterÁrea de Salud Don Benito-VillanuevaYork Teaching Hospitals National Health Service Foundation TrustSection of Critical Care Medicine Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care University of ChicagoDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Mayo ClinicDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Ghent University HospitalDipartimento di Scienze della Salute Università degli Studi di MilanoMedical University ViennaServiço de Anestesiologia Centro Hospitalar do PortoDepartment of Anesthesiology Città della Salute e dela ScienzaDepartment of Surgery Medicine Faculty Universidad de ValenciaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital Clínico Universitario de ValenciaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital Universitario Germans Tries i PujolDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital Universitario San PauDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital Universitario La PrincesaDepartment Morphology Surgery and Experimental Medicine Anesthesia and Intensive Care University Section University of FerraraDepartment of Pharmacology Corachan HospitalDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital General Universitario de ValenciaClinica Chirurgica 1 IRCCS Policlinico San MartinoDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital Universitario Río HortegaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La FeDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital Clínic i Provincial Universitario de BarcelonaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital General Universitario Gregorio MarañónDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital de LeónDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet de ZaragozaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital Fundación de AlcorcónDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad RealDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital Universitario Ramón y CajalDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital de Gran Canaria, Dr. NegrínDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro de MajadahondaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio de SevillaDepartment of Anesthesiology Hospital de la Marina Baixa de la Vila JoiosaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital Principe de AsturiasDepartment of Anesthesiology Hospital NS de CandelariaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Hospital Son Espases de MallorcaIISLAFE Clinical Research Institute Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La FeDivision of Anesthesiology University Hospitals of GenevaHospital Universitario Germans Tries i PujolHospital Universitario Miguel Servet de ZaragozaHospital Clínico Universitario de ValenciaHospital Clínic i Provincial Universitario de BarcelonaDepartment of Anesthesiology Heidelberg University HospitalAnesthesia and Intensive Care Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Magna Graeca UniversityAnestesia e Terapia Intensiva IRCCS Policlinico San MartinoHospital General Universitario Gregorio MarañónDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine College of Medicine Mayo ClinicDepartment of Anesthesiology Universidade Estadual PaulistaHospital de LeónHomerton University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation TrustHospital Universitario San PauAmsterdam University Medical Center University of Amsterdam Department of AnesthesiologyDepartment of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine Medical University ViennaDepartment of Anesthesia Pain and Critical Care Tel-Aviv Medical Center Sackler Medical SchoolHospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro de MajadahondaOperating Services Critical Care and Anesthesia Sheffield Teaching Hospitals University of SheffieldHospital Universitario y Politécnico La FeHospital Sagrat CorRoyal Cornwall Hospital National Health Service TrustDepartment of Anesthesiology AZ Sint Jan Brugge-Oostende AVDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Tufts Medical CenterHospital Universitario Ramón y CajalHospital Universitario Río HortegaUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterUniversita' dell'Insubria Dipartimento di Anestesia Azienda Ospedaliera Asst Settlaghi Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione MacchiHospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio de SevillaHospital Son Espases de MallorcaDivision of Anesthesia Pain and Critical Care Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated with Sackler Medical School Tel Aviv UniversityHospital de la Marina Baixa de la Vila JoiosaUniversity Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol Insitut Catalan de la Salut Universidad Autonoma de BarcelonaDepartment of Anesthesiology School of Medicine Pontificia Universidad Catolica de ChileAnesthesia Department Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs King Abdulaziz Medical CityCenter for Evidence-based Healthcare University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität DresdenAnesthesia Department King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health ScienceMinistry of National Guard Health Affairs King Abdulaziz Medical CityCleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Al Maryah IslandUniversity Hospital AntwerpImperial College Healthcare National Health Service TrustMarienhospital WeselHospital Privado de Comunidad, Mar del PlataHamad Medical CorporationDepartment of Surgery and Physiology Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty of Medicine The University of PortoHospital de ManisesDepartment of Anesthesiology Centro Hospitalar de São JoãoDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of MedicineDepartment of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine Massachusetts General HospitalAssiut UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology Universidade Estadual Paulist
A New Ant-Friendly Aiouea (Lauraceae) From the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest
No full textAiouea is a genus of Lauraceae restricted to the New World with about 75 accepted species. In Brazil, there are about 32 species, 21 endemic to the country. Recent field work in southeastern Brazil, as well as a comprehensive study of herbarium collections, revealed a new species that we describe here as Aiouea myrmecophila. It is endemic to the Atlantic rainforest of Espírito Santo state and occurs between 800 and 1120 m along the Mantiqueira Mountain range. It is categorized as Endangered (EN) according to IUCN criteria. Its putative relationships with other species in the genus are discussed.Museu Botânico Municipal de Curitiba Rua Engenheiro Ostoja RoguskiInstituto de Biociências Departamento de Biodiversidade Bela Vista Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Biodiversidade Bela Vista Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP
Physical exercise alone or combined with omega-3 modulates apical periodontitis induced in rats
No full textApical periodontitis (AP) results from bacterial contamination of the pulp tissue, with its progression highly influenced by the host’s immune response. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of moderate physical exercise, alone or combined with omega-3 supplementation, on AP induced in rats. The analysis focused on the immuno-inflammatory profile, bacterial presence in the root canal and apical region, bone loss, and collagen fiber production. Thirty Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Control, Physical Exercise (PE), and Physical Exercise + Omega-3 (PEO). Omega-3 supplementation was administered by gavage for 60 days. The swimming protocol included two stages: acclimatization to the aquatic environment and swimming training. AP was induced on the 30th day, and the rats were euthanized on the 60th day. Upper molars were processed and stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), Brown and Brenn (BB), Picrosirius Red (PSR), and immunohistochemistry for IL-17, TNF-α, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Microtomographic analysis was also performed. Scores from the analyses were evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis, Tukey, Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney, and One-Way ANOVA tests, with a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05). The control group exhibited the highest intensity of inflammatory infiltrate (p < 0.05). PE alone reduced TNF-α immunostaining and limited bacterial spread (p < 0.05). Combined with omega-3 supplementation, PE further reduced IL-17 immunostaining and increased the percentage of birefringent immature collagen fibers (p < 0.05). Microtomographic analysis revealed smaller areas of alveolar bone loss in animals subjected to PE (p < 0.05). The control group showed a significantly higher number of TRAP-positive cells (p < 0.05). In conclusion, PE alone enhanced defense mechanisms by reducing inflammation through TNF-α modulation and controlling bacterial contamination. Combined with omega-3 supplementation, PE further improved inflammatory regulation by modulating IL-17 levels, reducing bone loss, and stimulating collagen production, thereby limiting inflammation and decreasing osteoclastic activity.Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry Endodontic School of Dentistry Araçatuba São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jose Bonifacio, 1193, São PauloDepartment of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry Endodontic School of Dentistry Araçatuba São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jose Bonifacio, 1193, São Paul
Development of electrospun PVP/PCL dressing with addition of red and brown propolis bioactives
No full textNos últimos tempos, a busca por tratamentos de lesões cutâneas com ações terapêuticas eficientes tem crescido evidentemente, especialmente para tratamento de lesões crônicas e queimaduras. Um dos caminhos mais promissores envolve a aplicação da técnica de eletrofiação, com o objetivo de produzir curativos na escala de nanofibras ou microfibras, em que imitam a estrutura da matriz extracelular da pele, favorecendo a cicatrização. Neste trabalho, foram desenvolvidos curativos eletrofiados a partir da combinação dos polímeros policaprolactona (PCL) e polivinilpirrolidona (PVP), na qual são materiais biodegradáveis e biocompatíveis, sendo o PCL hidrofóbico e o PVP hidrofílico, sendo este fundamental para facilitar a liberação de fármacos. A adição de substâncias naturais como os extratos da própolis vermelha e marrom se destacaram devido às suas propriedades cicatrizantes, antioxidantes e antibacterianas. Dessa maneira, surgiu uma alternativa inovadora para o tratamento de lesões cutâneas com potencial no processo de regeneração tecidual. Diante disso, neste estudo teve como objetivo produzir mantas poliméricas de PCL e PVP com incorporação dos extratos da própolis vermelha e marrom, por meio da técnica de eletrofiação. A blenda otimizada de PCL e PVP foi a de 75% de PVP e 25% de PCL, na qual apresentou o menor diâmetro das fibras eletrofiadas e melhoramento da hidrofilicidade devido ao PVP estar em maior proporção. Em relação as concentrações dos extratos da própolis vermelha e marrom, variou de 5% a 50%. Os extratos da própolis vermelha e marrom foram avaliados quanto a determinação do teor de fenóis totais, flavonoides e capacidade antioxidante. O extrato da própolis vermelha se destacou com 230,2 mgGAE/g de fenóis totais, 30,13 mgQE/g de flavonoides e a capacidade antioxidante com 90,29% de inibição do radical DPPH de concentração 0,1mM. As mantas poliméricas foram avaliadas quanto as propriedades morfológicas, químicas, mecânicas e biológicas. A morfologia das mantas, revelada pela Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV), apresentou diâmetro médio abaixo de 1,3 m. Em relação ao ensaio mecânico no qual é importante para verificar a resistência mecânica dos curativos, pode-se obter que o PVP e os extratos da própolis vermelha e marrom influenciaram para redução da deformação do material e o PCL foi fundamental para fornecer a estrutura adequada quanto a ductibilidade e flexibilidade para os curativos. Em relação às propriedades biológicas, as mantas eletrofiadas contendo extrato da própolis marrom foi eficaz para Klebsiella pneumoniae e Pseudomas aeruginosa (gram-negativas) e Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) de 62,5 g/mL para ambas, e a própolis vermelha apresentou eficácia para a Klebsiella pneumoniae (gram-negativa) e Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positiva) e CIM de 31,3 g/mL para ambas. Assim, esta combinação das mantas polímericas com a adição de própolis vermelha e marrom pode ser uma boa alternativa para desenvolver curativos mais eficientes atrelados à proteção da área machucada e o combate à microrganismos favorecendo a cicatrização.In recent times, the search for treatments for skin lesions with efficient therapeutic actions has evidently grown, especially for the treatment of chronic lesions and burns. One of the most promising paths involves the application of the electrospinning technique, with the aim of producing dressings on a nanofiber or microfiber scale, which imitate the structure of the skin's extracellular matrix, promoting healing. In this work, electrospun dressings were developed from the combination of the polymers polycaprolactone (PCL) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), which are biodegradable and biocompatible materials, with PCL being hydrophobic and PVP hydrophilic, the latter being essential to facilitate the release of drugs. The addition of natural substances such as red and brown propolis extracts stood out due to their healing, antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Thus, an innovative alternative for the treatment of skin lesions with potential in the tissue regeneration process emerged. In view of this, this study aimed to produce polymeric sheets of PCL and PVP with incorporation of red and brown propolis extracts, through the electrospinning technique. The optimized blend of PCL and PVP was that of 75% PVP and 25% PCL, which presented the smallest diameter of the electrospun fibers and improved hydrophilicity due to the PVP being in a greater proportion. Regarding the concentrations of the red and brown propolis extracts, they varied from 5% to 50%. The red and brown propolis extracts were evaluated for determination of the content of total phenols, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity. The red propolis extract stood out with 230.2 mgGAE/g of total phenols, 30.13 mgQE/g of flavonoids and antioxidant capacity with 90.29% inhibition of the DPPH radical at a concentration of 0.1 mM. The polymeric membranes were evaluated for their morphological, chemical, mechanical and biological properties. The morphology of the membranes, revealed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), showed an garding the mechanical test, which is important to verify the mechanical resistance of the dressings, it was observed that PVP and the extracts of red and brown propolis influenced the reduction of material deformation and PCL was essential to provide the adequate structure for ductility and flexibility for the dressings. Regarding biological properties, the electrospun sheets containing brown propolis extract were effective against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomas aeruginosa (gram-negative) and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 62.5 -negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (gramThus, this combination of polymer sheets with the addition of red and brown propolis may be a good alternative to develop more efficient dressings linked to the protection of the injured area and the fight against microorganisms, favoring healing.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)CAPES: 00
Preparing for Multidisciplinary Decision-Making Using Role-Playing Games on Sustainability in Virtual Exchanges
No full textRole-playing games in virtual exchange projects can provide an enriched multidisciplinary global experience for learners which is accessible as well as instructive for gaining intercultural competencies. Synchronous role-playing games when combined with virtual exchange leads to not only a high impact practice for engagement for the learner but also can provide subject matter learning not available from other routes (Sengupta High impact practices in higher education: International perspectives, Emerald Publishing Limited, pp 3–12, 2023). These games are particularly useful in preparing learners to work on sustainability problems because they can simulate the complexity of multi-stakeholder decision-making that frequently results in delay or a complete failure to implement the project due to the lack of agreement. From fall 2020 to fall 2023, 322 college students comprising 34 global teams played synchronous game simulations on a variety of sustainability topics as a virtual exchange activity. In different combinations, students participated from four continents: North Africa, North and South America, and Europe. Results showed that teams of multidisciplinary students can engage effectively to reach an agreement as role-playing stakeholders for these conflictual projects when learners are prepared for intercultural experiences prior to the game and accessibility accommodations are made for inclusion. To prepare students for intercultural interaction two meetings take place a couple of weeks before the game. Language and cultural barriers proved no impediment for participants either leading the team or playing as stakeholders. In addition, this particular pedagogy was effective for engaging disabled learners when given appropriate accommodations for engagement. Scaffolding support and intercultural self-awareness training underpinned these positive learning experiences and effective outcomes for the teams.School of Public Service DePaul UniversitySão Paulo State University (UNESP) Institute of Science and TechnologyCadi Ayyad University School of Technology of EssaouiraSão Paulo State University (UNESP) Institute of Science and Technolog
Peptides from Galleria mellonella against Cryptococcus spp: toxicity in three-dimensional cell cultures and G. mellonella
No full textAim: This work aimed to test peptides against the planktonic and biofilm form of Cryptococcus spp. and in vitro toxicity using three-dimensional (3D) cells characterized and evaluate in vivo toxicity in Galleria mellonella. Materials & methods: Susceptibility tests were conducted on the planktonic form and biofilm formation. The toxicity of the peptides was evaluated in lung and brain cells in monolayer (2D) and 3D mono- and co-culture, in addition to in vivo analysis with G. mellonella. Results: Susceptibility values ranged from 31.25 to over 250 µg/ml with a fungicidal profile. Regarding toxicity, the PepM2 peptide was not toxic in 3D culture (500 µg/ml). G. mellonella, showed a survival rate of more than 85% In assays with brain and lung cell lines, concentrations ranged from 4 × 104 to 4 × 103 cells/well for brain cells and 1 × 103 cells/well for lung cells. Cocultures used 1 × 105 brain and 1 × 103 lung cells. Conclusion: This study shows that the peptides have great potential against cryptococcosis, and all spheroids were characterized as having a spheroidal and compact structure.Laboratory of Mycology & Center of Proteomics Department of Clinical Analysis School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sao Paulo State University (UNESP)Laboratory for Monoclonal Antibodies Department of Clinical Analysis School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sao Paulo State University (UNESP)Department of Basic & Applied Biology/LSBZ Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University-UNESP, São PauloLaboratory of Mycology & Center of Proteomics Department of Clinical Analysis School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sao Paulo State University (UNESP)Laboratory for Monoclonal Antibodies Department of Clinical Analysis School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sao Paulo State University (UNESP)Department of Basic & Applied Biology/LSBZ Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paul
Outer Membrane Proteins as Vaccine Targets Against Lawsonia intracellularis in Piglets
No full textBackground: Lawsonia intracellularis (LI) is the agent of proliferative enteropathy in swine, a common disease that affects pigs for up to eight weeks after weaning. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of two novel subunit vaccines targeting outer membrane proteins on LI. Methods: The two vaccines included OMP2c.cVLP, where the OMP2c antigen was anchored on the surface of capsid virus-like particles (cVLP); and MBP.INVASc, where antigens were anchored to an MBP fusion protein. Groups of six mice, as proof of concept, and six piglets were immunized with either OMP2c.cVLP, MBP.INVASc., or PBS as a control using a prime-boost regime. Results: Both OMP2c.cVLP and MBP.INVASc subunit vaccines induced strong antigen-specific serum IgG and IgA responses. There were no significant differences in weight gain among the groups. Mild-to-moderate clinical signs of LI infection were observed, but vaccinated groups showed lower inflammatory scores and fewer animals tested positive for bacteria by immunohistochemistry. Although neither vaccine completely prevented clinical signs of LI infection, both effectively reduced inflammation and lowered the pathogen load, thereby mitigating the severity of the disease, particularly the MBP.INVASc vaccine. Conclusions: These findings suggest that both vaccines have the potential for further development and optimization to enhance their protective efficacy against LI infections.Department of Immunology and Microbiology Centre for Medical Parasitology University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3BDepartment of Veterinary and Animal Sciences University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Campus TerraDepartment of Pathology Reproduction and One Health Universidade Estadual Paulista-Unesp-FCAV, Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/nDepartment of Pathology Reproduction and One Health Universidade Estadual Paulista-Unesp-FCAV, Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/