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Phosphorylated chitosan and nano-sized TMP: Enhancing strength, antibiofilm action, and biocompatibility of restorative glass ionomer cements: Effect of incorporating chitosan and NP phosphate into a restorative cement formulation
No full textObjectives: Evaluated the effect of phosphorylated chitosan (ChiPh) and nano-sized sodium trimetaphosphate (TMPnano) incorporation into resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) on mechanical, fluoride release, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties. Methods: RMGIC was combined with ChiPh (0.25 %/0.5 %) and/or TMPnano (14 %). The diametral compressive/tensile strength (DCS/TS), surface hardness (SH) and degree of conversion (%DC) were determined. For fluoride (F) release, samples were immersed in DE/RE solutions. Antimicrobial/antibiofilm activity was evaluated by agar diffusion test/biofilm metabolism. Cytotoxicity on MDPC-23 odontoblast cell lines was evaluated. Results: TS and DCS (24 h), all the groups were similar (p > 0.05). After 7 days, RMGIC-14 %TMPnano-0.25 %ChiPh showed the best results for TS/DCS (p 0.05) after 24 h; after 7 days, all groups containing TMPnano and/or ChiPh showed higher SH when compared to RMGIC, except for RMGIC-0.5 % ChiPh. The %DC was similar for all groups (p = 0.172). There was a gradual release of F for all groups during the 15 days; in the cumulative analysis, after 15 days, the RMGIC-14 %TMPnano-0.25 %ChiPh group showed the highest value (p < 0.05). Viability against S. mutans was observed for the RMGIC-14 %TMPnano-0.25 %ChiPh group (p < 0.05). After 24 h, the RMGIC-0.25 %ChiPh and RMGIC-14 %TMPnano-0.25 %ChiPh groups showed the lowest cytotoxic effect (p = 0.371); at 48 h/72 h, only the RMGIC-14 %TMPnano-0.25 %ChiPh group showed similar cytocompatibility. Conclusion: The addition of ChiPh (0.25 %) and TMPnano (14 %) improved the RMGIC's mechanical, antimicrobial/antibiofilm and cytotoxic properties. Clinical relevance: ChiPh and TMPnano into RMGIC could be a promising restorative material for application in patients with active dental caries.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Department of Pediatric Clinics School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto São Paulo University, Avenida do Cafe, s/no, SPSchool of Dentistry University of Ribeirão Preto - UNAERP, SPSchool of Dentistry Araçatuba Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua José Bonifácio 1193, SPSchool of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo, SPSão Carlos Institute of Physics University of São Paulo, SPDepartment of Morphology Genetics Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (UNESP), R. Humaitá, 1680 - Centro, São PauloDepartment of Physics and Chemistry São Paulo State University (UNESP), SPInterdisciplinary Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Ceramics Department of Chemistry Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washington Luiz, s/nGraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz, Km 235, SPPolyclinic of Operative Dentistry Periodontology and Pediatric Dentistry Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74School of Dentistry Araçatuba Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua José Bonifácio 1193, SPDepartment of Morphology Genetics Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (UNESP), R. Humaitá, 1680 - Centro, São PauloDepartment of Physics and Chemistry São Paulo State University (UNESP), SPFAPESP: #2020/15025-
Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of intracellular peptides in the central nervous system of zebrafish (Danio rerio) Parkinson's Disease model
No full textA doença de Parkinson é a segunda enfermidade neurodegenerativa mais comum no mundo, mas apesar do destaque em pesquisas recentes sua causa permanece desconhecida, não existe cura e os tratamentos disponíveis visam apenas o controle dos sintomas. Poucos estudos se concentram no papel de peptídeos na doença de Parkinson, que comprovadamente possuem função biológica em outras doenças neurodegenerativas. Um estudo prévio demonstrou que 9 de 118 peptídeos de cérebro de zebrafish apresentaram alteração em um modelo de 6-hidroxidopamina, neurotoxina mais comumente utilizada em estudos da doença. Neste contexto, este projeto de Mestrado visa compreender melhor o papel de 5 destes 9 peptídeos. A escolha dos peptídeos foi feita com base em suas proteínas precursoras, sendo elas: 1) Proteína de ácido graxo 7 (FABP7), que tem relação com a expressão de enzimas antioxidantes e proteção contra sinalização de apoptose; 2) Proteína ribossomal mitocondrial S36, que na literatura está relacionada à geração de NADH na respiração aeróbica, cuja redução tem correlação com doenças neurodegenerativas; 3) Proteína 1-B relacionada à MARCKS, que controla o movimento celular por meio da regulação do citoesqueleto de actina, entre outras funções; 4) Transportador de aminoácido excitatório 2 (EAAT2 - Excitatory Amino Acido Transporter 2), proteína com papel essencial na reciclagem de glutamato, o neurotransmissor mais abundante no cérebro de mamíferos; e 5) Timosina beta-4 (Tbeta4), peptídeo de 43 aminoácidos cuja principal função é regular a polimerização de actina, que é necessária para a organogênese e motilidade celular. Os peptídeos foram sintetizados quimicamente em fase sólida e caracterizados por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência e espectrometria de massas. Foi realizada a espectroscopia de dicroísmo circular. Ensaios de viabilidade celular por MTT foram feitos em linhagens neuronais de camundongo (Neuro 2A) e humano (SHSY5Y). Ensaios de embriotoxicidade e comportamentais foram realizados com larvas de zebrafish wildtype, tal qual a quantificação de fluorescência de neurônios dopaminérgicos por meio de imunofluorescência. A linhagem transgênica de zebrafish Tg(Huc:gfp/NeuroD:rfp) foi usada para avaliar a integridade neuronal total. Os resultados indicam que o modelo transgênico e a imunofluorescência não foram os ideais para avaliar os danos causados pela 6-hidroxidopamina, nem os possíveis danos ou reparos dos peptídeos. Apesar disso, os resultados do ensaio de viabilidade celular mostram que nenhum dos cinco peptídeos apresentam citotoxicidade até a concentração de 512 µM. O ensaio comportamental indica que todos os peptídeos avaliados auxiliam na recuperação de movimento, e três peptídeos apresentaram resultados estatisticamente iguais aos do grupo controle, o que aponta para uma recuperação total do movimento. Mais estudos são necessários para compreender melhor o mecanismo de ação destes peptídeos e se eles são realmente um potencial aliado contra a doença de Parkinson.Even though Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide, its cause remains unknown, there is no cure and all different treatment strategies available are able to only control the symptoms. Few studies focus on the role of peptides in Parkinson’s disease, which have been shown to have biological function in other neurodegenerative diseases. A previous study demonstrated that 9 out of 118 zebrafish brain peptides presented alterations in a 6-hydroxydopamine model, the most commonly used neurotoxin in studies of this disease. In this context, this Master’s project aims to better understand the role of 5 of these 9 peptides. The choice of peptides was made based on their precursor proteins, which are: 1) Fatty acid binding protein 7 (FABP7), which is related to the expression of antioxidant enzymes and protection against apoptosis signaling; 2) Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S36, which literature shows that is related to the generation of NADH in aerobic respiration, whose reduction is correlated with neurodegenerative diseases; 3) MARCKS-related protein 1-B, which controls cell movement through the regulation of actin cytoskeleton, among other functions; 4) Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EEAT2), a protein with an essential role in the recycling of glutamine, the most abundant neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain; and 5), Thymosin beta-4 (Tbeta4), a 43-amino acid peptide whose main function is to regulate actin polymerization, which is necessary for organogenesis and cell motility. The peptides were chemically synthesized in solid phase and characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Circular dichroism was performed in order to define the secondary structure of each peptide. MTT cell viability assays were performed in mouse (Neuro 2A) and human (SHSY5Y) neuronal lines. Embryotoxicity and behavioral assays were performed with wildtype zebrafish larvae. The quantification of dopaminergic neuron fluorescence by immunofluorescence was made using ImageJ. The transgenic zebrafish line TG(Huc:gfp/NeuroD:rfp) was used to evaluate total neuronal integrity. The results indicate that the transgenic model and immunofluorescence were not ideal to evaluate the damage caused by 6-hydroxydopamine, nor the possible damage or
repair caused by treatment with the peptides. Despite this, the results of the cell viability assay show that none of the five peptides present cytotoxicity up to the concentration of 512 µM. The behavioral assay indicates that all the peptides have a role in the recovery of movement. Three peptides presented results statistically equal to those of the control group, which points to a full recovery of movement. Further studies are needed to better understand the mechanism of action of these peptides and whether they are truly a potential ally against Parkinson’s disease.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)FAPESP: 2023/05219-2FAPESP: 2023/12077-0CAPES: 00
Dynamics, metabolism, and action of tiafenacil in plants
No full textO tiafenacil é o ingrediente ativo do produto comercial Terrad’or e atua na inibição da enzima protoporfirinogênio oxidase (PROTOX), possui rápida ação nas plantas e amplo espectro de controle, sendo recomendado para aplicação em pós-emergência de plantas daninhas. Por ser uma molécula recém-lançada no Brasil, poucos são os estudos de dinâmica, metabolismo e eficácia em plantas. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi estudar a dinâmica, metabolismo e eficácia do herbicida tiafenacil em plantas. Os estudos foram conduzidos em casa de vegetação e os experimentos realizados em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 4 repetições. Para o estudo de absorção, a dose de 81,36 g i.a. ha-1 foi aplicada em duas condições hídricas (com e sem estresse hídrico) e em três períodos de análise [deposição (15 minutos), 6 e 24 horas após aplicação (HAA)]. Para o experimento de translocação, foram aplicadas quatro doses de tiafenacil (0; 4,07; 40,68; e 81,36 g i.a. ha-1 acrescidas de 0,5% v v-1 do adjuvante Nori®) em plantas de Urochloa decumbens, com a proteção de um perfilho da planta para as aplicações. Aos 7 dias após a aplicação (DAA) os perfilhos aplicados e protegidos foram coletados, submetidos a lavagem e maceração para determinação dos teores interno, externo (não absorvido) e total (interno mais externo) por LC-MS/MS. A eficácia foi avaliada em plantas Eleusine indica, Euphorbia heterophylla e U. decumbens com 14 tratamentos, em esquema fatorial 2 x 7, sendo 2 herbicidas (tiafenacil e tiafenacil ácido) e 7 doses (0; 7,42; 14,83; 29,66; 59,33; 118,65 e 237,30 g i.a. ha-1), acrescidas de 0,5% v v-1 do adjuvante Nori®. As avaliações visuais de fitointoxicação em E. heterophylla foram realizadas aos 2 e 5 DAA, e aos 2, 7, 14 e 21 DAA em E. indica e U. decumbens, com coleta e secagem em estufa das plantas no último período para determinação da massa seca. No experimento de absorção, constatou-se baixos teores do herbicida nas plantas em relação ao total aplicado, porém os teores depositados foram rapidamente absorvidos pelas plantas nos períodos de 6 e 24 HAA, sendo observada influência do déficit hídrico na dinâmica do tiafenacil. Não foram identificados teores de tiafenacil e sua forma ácida no perfilho protegido independente da dose aplicada. O tiafenacil em sua forma ácida apresentou controle eficiente das espécies E. indica e E. heterophylla com doses menores que as recomendadas, enquanto plantas de U. decumbens demonstraram menor sensibilidade aos herbicidas. Conclui-se que o herbicida tiafenacil teve rápida absorção nas plantas, com alta eficácia no controle das plantas daninhas mesmo utilizando doses menores que as recomendadas, e não sendo observados teores nos perfilhos protegidos.Tiafenacil is the active ingredient of the commercial product Terrad'or and acts by inhibiting the enzyme protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PROTOX). It exhibits rapid action on plants and a broad control spectrum and is recommended for post-emergence application in weeds. As a newly launched molecule in Brazil, there are few studies regarding its dynamics, metabolism, and efficacy in plants. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the dynamics, metabolism, and efficacy of the herbicide tiafenacil in plants. The studies were conducted in a greenhouse, and the experiments were arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications. For the absorption study, a dose of 81.36 g a.i. ha⁻¹ was applied under two water conditions (with and without water stress) and at three evaluation periods [deposition (15 minutes), 6, and 24 hours after application (HAA)]. For the translocation experiment, four doses of tiafenacil (0; 4.07; 40.68; and 81.36 g a.i. ha⁻¹ with the addition of 0.5% v v⁻¹ of the adjuvant Nori®) were applied to Urochloa decumbens plants, protecting one tiller of the plant during application. At 7 days after application (DAA), the treated and protected tillers were collected, washed, and ground for determination of internal, external (non-absorbed), and total (internal plus external) residues by LC-MS/MS. Herbicide efficacy was evaluated on Eleusine indica, Euphorbia heterophylla, and U. decumbens plants under a 2 × 7 factorial scheme, consisting of two herbicides (tiafenacil and tiafenacil acid) and seven doses (0; 7.42; 14.83; 29.66; 59.33; 118.65; and 237.30 g a.i. ha⁻¹), all with the addition of 0.5% v v⁻¹ of the adjuvant Nori®. Visual phytotoxicity evaluations were performed at 2 and 5 DAA for E. heterophylla and at 2, 7, 14, and 21 DAA for E. indica and U. decumbens, followed by collection and oven-drying of the plants at the final evaluation for dry mass determination. In the absorption experiment, low herbicide levels were detected in the plants relative to the total applied, but the deposited amounts were rapidly absorbed within 6 and 24 HAA, with water deficit influencing tiafenacil dynamics. No residues of tiafenacil or its acid form were detected in the protected tillers regardless of the dose applied. Tiafenacil acid showed efficient control of E. indica and E. heterophylla at doses lower than those recommended, whereas U. decumbens plants exhibited lower sensitivity to the herbicides. It is concluded that tiafenacil was rapidly absorbed by the plants, achieving high weed control efficacy even atCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES
Écritures féminines françaises sur la Shoah et le processus de construction des souvenirs traumatiques par Marceline Loridan-Ivens
No full textA presente tese trata das memórias de autoria feminina de seis sobreviventes francesas da Segunda Guerra Mundial: Charlotte Delbo, Francine Christophe, Ginette Kolinka, Julia Wallach, Simone Veil e Marceline Loridan-Ivens. Conhecemos a Guerra, em geral, por meio das histórias contadas por homens. Sabe-se, a partir de estudos, que “a experiência masculina, tanto na história como na literatura, era a experiência do holocausto” (Goldenberg, 1998). Descobrimos os feitos heróicos, os vencedores e os perdedores do conflito, algumas datas significativas, mas pouco se conhece sobre o que a guerra causou na vida dos civis que a viveram pelo lado de dentro: os mais vulneráveis, as minorias e, no nosso caso, as mulheres. As escritas femininas da Shoá nos permitem compreender que as mulheres passaram por sofrimentos distintos daqueles vividos pelos homens. Não se trata de dizer que sofreram mais, mas sim de reconhecer que ainda são necessários muitos estudos que analisem esses escritos, muitas vezes, deixados à margem dos cânones literários. Portanto, essa pesquisa se organiza da seguinte forma: no primeiro capítulo, apresentamos um breve resumo do contexto histórico e introduzimos as seis autoras, demonstrando como a imprensa divulgou as suas histórias, já que há poucos trabalhos científicos sobre elas e suas obras. No segundo capítulo, discutimos os seis livros selecionados para esta tese, analisando também como os blogs de leitores os repercutiram, considerando o papel relevante que esses espaços ocupam na divulgação literária na França. Além disso, identificamos e analisamos os pontos de convergência entre as características mais recorrentes da autoria feminina da Shoá que se destacam nesses escritos. No terceiro capítulo, à luz dos estudiosos e escritores, tais como, Michel Foucault (1969), Walter Benjamin (1987), Phillippe Lejeune (1998), Myrna Goldenberg (1998), Roland Barthes (2004), Paul Ricoeur (2007), Márcio Orlando Seligmann-Silva (2008), entre outros, analisamos o livro Et tu n’es pas revenu (2018), de Marceline Loridan-Ivens, no qual a autora escreve ao pai, que não voltou da guerra, sobre tudo o que sua família e ela viveram com a ausência dele. A partir desta análise, compreendemos com clareza porque algo sequer semelhante não pode jamais voltar a acontecer.La présente thèse porte sur les mémoires d’auteures françaises survivantes de la Seconde Guerre mondiale : Charlotte Delbo, Francine Christophe, Ginette Kolinka, Julia Wallach, Simone Veil et Marceline Loridan-Ivens. L’histoire de la guerre est, en général, transmise à travers les récits masculins. Des études ont démontré que « l’expérience masculine, tant dans l’histoire que dans la littérature, était l’expérience de la Shoah » (Goldenberg, 1998). Si les hauts faits héroïques, les vainqueurs et les perdants du conflit ainsi que certaines dates marquantes sont bien connus, les conséquences de la guerre sur la vie des civils – en particulier les plus vulnérables, les minorités et, dans le cadre de ce travail, les femmes – demeurent encore peu explorées. Les écrits féminins de la Shoah offrent une perspective précieuse sur des souffrances spécifiques, distinctes de celles vécues par les hommes. Il ne s’agit pas d’affirmer une intensité plus grande de ces souffrances, mais de souligner la nécessité d’études approfondies sur ces récits souvent marginalisés par les canons littéraires. Donc, cette recherche est organisée comme suit: le premier chapitre présente un aperçu du contexte historique ainsi qu’une introduction aux six auteures étudiées, en mettant en lumière la réception médiatique de leurs témoignages, dans un contexte où les travaux scientifiques à leur sujet restent rares. Le deuxième chapitre est consacré à l’analyse des six ouvrages sélectionnés, en tenant également compte de la réception de ces œuvres par les blogs de lecteurs, qui jouent un rôle significatif dans la diffusion de la littérature en France. Ce chapitre identifie et examine les points de convergence entre les caractéristiques récurrentes de l’écriture féminine de la Shoah, telles qu’elles émergent de ces témoignages. Le troisième chapitre propose une analyse approfondie de l’ouvrage Et tu n’es pas revenu (2018) de Marceline Loridan-Ivens, à la lumière des travaux de penseurs tels que Michel Foucault (1969), Walter Benjamin (1987), Philippe Lejeune (1998), Myrna Goldenberg (1998), Roland Barthes (2004), Paul Ricœur (2007), Márcio Orlando Seligmann-Silva (2008), entre autres. Dans ce texte, l’auteure s’adresse à son père, disparu dans les camps, et témoigne de la vie de sa famille marquée par cette absence. Cette analyse permet de saisir avec clarté pourquoi un événement d’une telle nature ne doit jamais se reproduire.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)00
Plasma from hypertensive pregnancy patients induce endothelial dysfunction even under atheroprotective shear stress
No full textPreeclampsia (PE) is a challenge in maternal healthcare due to its complex nature, characterized by high blood pressure, protein in the urine, and damage to various organs. There is evidence linking PE to endothelial dysfunction (ED), triggered by substances released from an oxygen-deprived placenta. Previous in vitro studies have not considered the impact of in vivo elements, such as the different patterns of blood flow, and laminar (LSS) vs. oscillatory (OSS) shear stress, on the development of ED. We investigated the impact of plasma from healthy pregnant women (HP), subjects with gestational hypertension (GH), and PE patients on global gene expression of human coronary endothelial cells (HCAECs) under LSS and OSS. Our findings revealed a unique transcriptional profile of endothelial cells induced by plasma incubation in LSS. Notably, OSS resulted in similar transcriptomes irrespective of plasma treatment. Under LSS, GH plasma resulted in a proliferative profile, whereas PE plasma was linked to pro-inflammatory and antioxidant profiles compared to HP plasma. Our findings demonstrate that shear stress levels influence the endothelial cell transcriptome in response to plasma from hypertensive pregnancy patients. Both PE and GH can induce endothelial dysfunction under atheroprotective LSS, with a more significant effect observed with PE-derived plasma.Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Distrito Rubião Júnior, SPLaboratorio de Genetica e Cardiologia Molecular Instituto do Coracao (InCor) Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de Sao Paulo, SPEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics InstituteDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital das Clínicas Medical School of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo, SPDepartment of Biophysics and Pharmacology Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Distrito Rubião Júnior, S
Enterococcus mundtii (JBC60 isolate) in the control of the fall armyworm: A new biocontrol possibility
No full textProductivity losses caused by pests and diseases result in economic damage worldwide. Despite the effectiveness of chemical control, these methods pose risks to the environment and human health, and their continued use can lead to the development of resistance in pests and pathogens. As a result, biological alternatives have gained prominence in the market, although the number of bacterial-based biological agents remains limited. This study aimed to prospect new bacterial isolates with potential to control insect pests, obtained through the insect-trapping method. Bacteria were isolated from dead larvae, and their insecticidal activity was evaluated. The genus identification and species approximation were performed through 16S rRNA barcoding sequencing, along with the characterization of the bacterial growth curve and its insecticidal activity over seven days. A total of 70 isolates were obtained, of which 10 inhibited the growth of Spodoptera frugiperda. The sequencing analysis identified these isolates as Enterococcus mundtii, Enterococcus gallinarum, Enterococcus casseliflavus, and Serratia nematodiphila. Among the active isolates, five showed a growth inhibition rate higher than 90 %, including E. mundtii, E. gallinarum, and E. casseliflavus. For further studies, the JBC60 isolate of E. mundtii was selected due to its high activity and its non-pathogenic nature to humans. The growth curve showed maximum growth at 12 h of cultivation (3.17 × 108 CFU/mL) and a maximum OD of 0.7214 at 6 h. The insecticidal activity demonstrated a growth inhibition rate above 90 %. Our results indicate that E. mundtii (JBC60) has high potential to become a biological control agent against Spodoptera frugiperda.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Biochemistry of Microorganisms and Plants Laboratory Agricultural Livestock and Environmental Biotechnology Department São Paulo State University (UNESP), São PauloMultipurpose Large-Scale Sequencing and Gene Expression Laboratory Bioenergy Research Institute São Paulo State University (UNESP), São PauloBiochemistry of Microorganisms and Plants Laboratory Agricultural Livestock and Environmental Biotechnology Department São Paulo State University (UNESP), São PauloMultipurpose Large-Scale Sequencing and Gene Expression Laboratory Bioenergy Research Institute São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paul
The Digital Information and Communication Technology (DICT) in the role of the geography teacher: convergences and divergences
No full textA presente dissertação de mestrado, intitulada A Tecnologia Digital da Informação e Comunicação (TDICs) na atuação do professor de Geografia: convergências e divergências, teve com objetivo investigar a formação continuada dos professores de Geografia no Estado de São Paulo, com foco na cidade de Assis/SP, e na integração das TDICs no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. A pesquisa foi motivada pela crescente necessidade de atualização dos docentes frente às demandas da educação contemporânea e à inserção das tecnologias digitais no ambiente escolar. O estudo está fundamentado na análise das legislações educacionais, como a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e o Currículo Paulista (CP), que destacam a importância da formação continuada e do uso das TDICs. A metodologia adotada incluiu uma abordagem qualitativa, com entrevistas semiestruturas e análise documental, com o intuito de identificar os desafios e oportunidades enfrentados pelos professores na adoção dessas tecnologias. Os resultados indicam que, embora haja um reconhecimento da importância das TDICs, os docentes enfrentam obstáculos significativos, como a falta de infraestrutura tecnológica nas escolas e a necessidade de formação adequada para o uso eficaz dessas ferramentas. A pesquisa propõe estratégias e políticas públicas que incentivem a capacitação contínua dos professores e a integração das TDICs no ensino de Geografia, visando promover um ambiente de aprendizagem mais dinâmico e inclusivo. Além disso, os resultados da pesquisa apontam que, para que as TDICs se tornem uma ferramenta eficaz na educação, é fundamental um investimento contínuo em infraestrutura, formação docente e uma abordagem crítica que promova a inclusão digital e a equidade no acesso às tecnologias.This master's thesis, titled "Digital Information and Communication Technologies (TDICs) in the Practice of Geography Teachers in the State of São Paulo: Convergences and Divergences in the Municipality of Assis-SP (Brazil)," aimed to investigate the continuing education of Geography teachers in the State of São Paulo, with a particular focus on the city of Assis/SP, and the integration of TDICs in the teaching-learning process. The research was driven by the growing need for teacher updates in response to the demands of contemporary education and the incorporation of digital technologies into the school environment. The study is based on the analysis of educational legislation, such as the National Common Curriculum Base (BNCC) and the Paulista Curriculum (CP), which emphasize the importance of continuing education and the use of TDICs. The methodology adopted included a qualitative approach, with semi-structured interviews and document analysis, aiming to identify the challenges and opportunities faced by teachers in adopting these technologies. The results indicate that, although there is recognition of the importance of TDICs, teachers face significant obstacles, such as the lack of technological infrastructure in schools and the need for adequate training to use these tools effectively. The research proposes strategies and public policies that encourage the continuous professional development of teachers and the integration of TDICs in Geography education, aiming to promote a more dynamic and inclusive learning environment. Furthermore, the research findings indicate that for TDICs to become an effective tool in education, it is crucial to continuously invest in infrastructure, teacher training, and a critical approach that promotes digital inclusion and equity in access to technologies.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)CAPES: 001
Systemic calcinosis in horses: Pathological and genetic aspects
No full textBackground: In horses, systemic calcinosis is a rare syndrome characterised by muscle lesion associated with the mineralisation of large muscle groups or other organs, in the absence of an alternative cause for the calcification, such as toxic, enzootic or metabolic. Molecular and histopathological aspects of the disease are still poorly elucidated. Objectives: To describe the epidemiological, pathological and molecular aspects of systemic calcinosis in a convenience sample of six horses submitted to necropsy in the Southern and Midwestern regions of Brazil. Study design: Retrospective exploratory study. Methods: Post-mortem necropsy records of six horses with a cause of death compatible with systemic calcinosis, were reviewed followed by histopathology, immunohistochemistry, microbiology and molecular investigation. Results: The affected horses were all Quarter Horses with a mean age of 16.8 months, and an average disease course of 15.5 days. Muscle necrosis and mononuclear infiltration were observed in all animals in association with mineral deposition variably affecting the muscle tissue and/or other organs such as heart, lung and kidney. All tested animals (5/6) showed positive PCR results for the E321G MYH1 gene variant, which encodes the heavy chain of fast-contracting skeletal muscle myosin and is associated with myopathy. Three horses demonstrated positive immunostaining for Streptococcus equi, which is a known trigger for immune responses. Main limitations: The study was limited by the small sample size, molecular evaluation was not completed in one animal due to technical limitations, lack of pre-mortem evaluation of calcium metabolism and lack of accurate descriptions in the necropsy reports of involvement of each muscle individually. Conclusions: In horses, systemic calcinosis syndrome causes immune-mediated muscle lesions in association with calcification of organs and tissues, varying greatly among animals. The E321G MYH1 variant was present in all horses tested for the variant and could be involved in the pathophysiology of systemic calcinosis.Setor de Patologia Veterinária Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, RSLaboratório de Anatomia Patológica—Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso do SulDepartamento de Ciências Clínicas Veterinárias Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Ciência Animal, São PauloEquineMed—Clínica Veterinária, MSDepartamento de Ciências Clínicas Veterinárias Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Ciência Animal, São Paul
Fluorescent aminoquinolines responsive to micelles’ surface charge
No full textMicelles are clusters of surfactant molecules used in various scientific and technological applications. One crucial characteristic of micelles is their surface electric charge. This study describes the development of fluorescent aminoquinolines (AQs) that are sensitive to the surface charge of micelles. The AQs were synthesized using a one-pot synthetic procedure. When incorporated into micelles, the AQs showed a significant increase in fluorescence at 480 nm, which helped in determining the critical micelle concentration of anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS), cationic (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB), and neutral (Triton-X100) surfactants. More importantly, only negatively charged micelles produced an exclusively red-shifted fluorescence band centered at 596 nm. The interaction with SDS shifted the equilibrium towards the protonated form of AQ, leading to the red-shifted band. AQ incorporated in SDS was more sensitive to the electron donor quencher N,N-dimethylaniline (Ksv = 8.6 × 103 M−1) than the electron acceptor naphthalene-2-carbonitrile (Ksv = 0.58 × 103 M−1), revealing its unique electronic feature in negative micelles. The opposite effect was observed in CTAB and Triton X-100. By analyzing the fluorescence quenching caused by N,N-dimethylaniline, the aggregation number of SDS micelle was determined (Nagg = 61), which matched the existing literature. These experimental findings underscore the use of AQ as a fluorescent probe for differentiating the surface charge of micelles.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Faculdade de Ciências, São PauloUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Faculdade de Ciências, São PauloCNPq: 302121/2022-6CNPq: 422893/2021-
The impact of urban occupation on springs and streams and the influence of water resource management in the Butantã region of São Paulo
No full textO estudo sobre o impacto da ocupação urbana em nascentes e córregos na região do Butantã, em São Paulo, apresenta duas vertentes principais. A primeira, a questão natural do ciclo da água e o sistema da bacia do Rio Pinheiros (rio principal da bacia, onde se localiza a região estudada), em que antes o local contava com grandes fazendas e casas de campo, onde as pessoas cultivavam alimentos para vender na cidade. O rio Pinheiros possuía seu formato natural com curvas (sistema meândrico), e possuía seu processo natural de enchentes e várzeas. A segunda vertente da pesquisa, trabalha a análise primeiramente do início das ocupações urbanas nas proximidades dos córregos, começando então, o processo de impermeabilização do solo, retirada da vegetação natural, retificação do leito e ainda a reversão do sentido do Rio Pinheiros, e a interatividade da população, em seguida, a análise das consequências ambientais e sociais que a região enfrenta, até os dia atuais, como principalmente as inundações e águas contaminadas do córregos da região. Dessa forma, é realizada a análise da gestão de recursos hídricos e a intervenção e projetos de revitalização do poder público nas sub bacias dos córregos do Jaguaré e Pirajussara, sendo analisados o uso e ocupação do solo, zoneamento urbano, macro áreas de planejamento e a impermeabilizações das bacias para levantamento de dados. A metodologia, inclui revisão bibliográfica de autores que abordam o tema de gerenciamento de recursos hídricos urbanos, levantamento de dados da região de estudo e análises geoespaciais para análise da eficácia das intervenções públicas e privadas na região,como a distribuição dos córregos e suas áreas de cheia no espaço urbano. Podendo dessa forma, a partir dessa pesquisa que, as intervenções feitas nos recursos hídricos da região do Butantã em São Paulo, não faz se necessário apenas, obras isoladas em córregos, mas sim, a necessidade de considerar a totalidade da bacia, trabalhando de maneira integrada, holística os aspectos naturais do meio
ambiente, e da mesma forma, o trabalho holístico dos órgãos do meio ambiente, dos recursos hídricos, habitação etc.The study on the impact of urban occupation on springs and streams in the Butantã region of São Paulo has two main aspects. The first is the natural issue of the water cycle and the Pinheiros River basin system (the main river in the basin, where the studied region is located), where the area used to have large farms and country houses, where people grew food to sell in the city. The Pinheiros River had its natural shape with curves (meander system), and had its natural flooding and floodplain process. The second aspect of the research works on the analysis of the beginning of urban occupations in the vicinity of the streams, starting then, the process of waterproofing the soil, removing natural vegetation, straightening the riverbed and also reversing the direction of the Pinheiros River, and the interaction of the population. Then, the analysis of the environmental and social consequences that the region faces, to this day, such as mainly flooding and contaminated water from the streams in the region. In this way, the analysis of water resource management and the intervention and revitalization projects of the public authorities in the sub-basins of the Jaguaré and Pirajussara streams are carried out, analyzing the use and occupation of the land, urban zoning, macro-planning areas and the impermeability of the basins for data collection. The methodology includes a bibliographic review of authors who address the topic of urban water resource management, data collection of the study region and geospatial analyses to analyze the effectiveness of public and private interventions in the region, such as the distribution of streams and their flood areas in the urban space. Thus, based on this research, it can be seen that the interventions made in the water resources of the Butantã region in São Paulo do not require isolated works in streams, but rather the need to consider the entire basin, working in an integrated and holistic manner with the natural aspects of the environment, and in the same way, the holistic work of the environmental, water resources, housing, etc. agencies