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Efecto de la función pulmonar en la condición y respuesta cardiorrespiratoria, movilidad y equilibrio en personas mayores de 50 años: un estudio transversal
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of static pulmonary function variables on cardiorespiratory condition, mobility, and balance in people aged over 50 years, as well as the effect of mobility and balance on three stress tests in the same sample. This is a cross-sectional study. Pulmonary function evaluation was performed by spirometry, the incremental shuttle walking test (ISWT), the six minute walk test (6MWT), the stairs test (ST), the timed up and go test (TUGT), and the Berg balance scale (BBS). SigmaStat® was used for statistical analysis, and the variables were correlated using Pearson’s correlation test (p<0.05). The sample consisted of 46 people [37 women (80.5%) and nine men (19.5%)] with a mean age of 61.02±8.29 years. Results of the correlation of pulmonary function with stress, mobility, and balance and stress tests were correlated with spirometric variables. In the sample, people with lower time in TUGT and better balance conditions who had better lung function. The better the mobility, the better the results in the stress tests. TUGT results showed moderate correlation with ISWT (0.41) and actual 6MWT (−0.43). On the other hand, BBS scores showed moderate correlation with ISWT(%) ((−-0.45), real 6MWT (0.43), and actual (−0.59) and predicted ST (-0.45). We conclude that pulmonary function affects cardiorespiratory condition, mobility, and balance in people aged over 50 years.El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de las variables estáticas de la función pulmonar sobre la respuesta cardiorrespiratoria, en la movilidad y en el equilibrio en personas mayores de 50 años. En la misma muestra, también se analizó el efecto de la movilidad y del equilibrio en tres pruebas de esfuerzo diferentes. El estudio es transversal. La función pulmonar se evaluó mediante espirometría, prueba de caminata de carga progresiva (ISWT), prueba de caminata de seis minutos (PC6M), prueba de escalera (TESc), prueba timed up and go (TUG) y escala de equilibrio de BERG (BERG). Para el análisis estadístico, se utilizó el software SigmaStat®, las variables se correlacionaron mediante el uso de la correlación de Pearson (p<0,05). La muestra estuvo compuesta por 46 personas, de las cuales 37 (80,5%) eran mujeres; y 9 (19,5%), hombres, con una edad media de 61,02±8,29 años. Los resultados de la correlación de la función pulmonar con las pruebas de esfuerzo, movilidad y equilibrio mostraron correlación con las variables espirométricas. En la muestra, las personas con el menor tiempo en TUG y mejores condiciones de equilibrio tuvieron la mejor función pulmonar. Cuanto mejor sea la movilidad, mejores serán los resultados en las pruebas de esfuerzo. Los resultados de TUG mostraron una correlación moderada con ISWT (0,41) y PC6M real (-0,43). La puntuación de BERG presentó una correlación moderada con ISWT(%) (-0,45), PC6M real (0,43) y tTEsc [real (-0,59) y predicho (-0,45)]. Se concluye que la función pulmonar tiene un efecto sobre la condición y la respuesta cardiorrespiratoria, la movilidad y el equilibrio en personas mayores de 50 años.Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”Faculdades Integradas de BauruUniversidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho
Influence of strength and power training on the rate of force development, peak force and functional mobility in elderly people with Parkinson's disease: a randomized controlled trial
No full textObjective: To analyze the influence of lower limb muscle strength and muscle power training on rate of force development (RFD) and peak force (PF) in elderly people with Parkinson's disease (PD), as well as the effect of these training sessions influence on the functional mobility (FM) of this population. Methods: This was a randomized controlled clinical trial and registered on the virtual platform for registration of experimental and non-experimental studies “Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (ReBEC)”. Thirty four elderly people of both genders without and with PD were divided into four groups: strength training control (GSC, n = 8); potency training control (GPC), n = 9; subjects with PD submitted to strength training (GSPD, n = 8); subjects with PD submitted to potency training (GPPD, n = 9). GSC and GPC consisted of with no history of neurological diseases. PF and RFD in the first 50 and 200 milliseconds (ms) were determined. FM was also assessed using the following tests: gait speed test (GS), Timed Up and Go (TUG), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS); parallel feet on a force platform. Next, the participants underwent lower limbs muscle strength or muscle power training for eight consecutive weeks twice a week and were then re-evaluated. Results: The repeated measures ANOVA test showed a significant difference for PF, RFD and FM regardless of training type. Conclusion: The proposed muscle strength and muscle power training protocols influenced the increase in RFD, PF and FM of all participants; however, the increase in RFD in the first 200 ms was more pronounced in the groups submitted to power training and the increase in PF was more pronounced in the groups submitted to strength training.Institute of Biosciences Graduate Program in Human Development and Technologies Paulista State University UNESP, SPAnhanguera Faculty of Jundiaí, SPSchool of Philosophy and Sciences Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Paulista State University UNESP, SPInstitute of Biosciences Graduate Program in Human Development and Technologies Paulista State University UNESP, SPSchool of Philosophy and Sciences Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Paulista State University UNESP, S
Pollinator-mediated natural selection in a specialized Cerrado species: a comparison between contrasting environments in the Midwest of São Paulo state
No full textA seleção natural mediada por polinizadores ocorre quando fenótipos florais específicos e herdáveis aumentam o sucesso reprodutivo das plantas devido às interações e pressões seletivas diferenciais causadas por seus polinizadores. Sendo assim, promovendo adaptações morfológicas para maior eficiência na polinização. Apesar destas adaptações conferirem um grau de especialização, interações planta-polinizador frequentemente apresentam assimetrias, organizando-se em redes complexas influenciadas por fatores bióticos e abióticos. Em espécies de ampla distribuição, essas interações geram mosaicos geográficos de atributos fenotípicos e variabilidade local ajustada à fauna de polinizadores. Tocoyena formosa (Rubiaceae), amplamente distribuída no Cerrado, exemplifica esse fenômeno. Suas flores tubulares são altamente especializadas para a polinização por mariposas do grupo dos esfingídeos com probóscides longas, sendo dependente exclusivamente dessas espécies devido à sua autoincompatibilidade. Entretanto, apenas uma pequena fração da fauna de esfingídeos do Cerrado possui probóscides longas, o que reforça a importância dessas mariposas na manutenção e conectividade ecológica nas comunidades. Caracterizamos a fauna de polinizadores de T. formosa presente na Estação Ecológica Barreiro Rico (EBR) por meio de observações diretas e indiretas com ferramentas como câmeras trap e de visão noturna além de redes entomológicas. Nas plantas, o comprimento do tubo floral, área da corola e número de flores foram medidos como atributos morfológicos associados à interação com polinizadores. O sucesso reprodutivo foi medido primariamente pelo número de frutos formados e média de sementes por fruto. Posteriormente, com o objetivo de aprofundar o trabalho, o êxito reprodutivo feminino foi mensurado por meio de medidas proporcionais entre o número de frutos produzidos pelo número de flores total de cada indivíduo. Os dados da população de EBR foram comparados com outras populações previamente estudadas em diversas regiões do Cerrado brasileiro. A seleção natural foi investigada por regressões múltiplas e modelos aditivos generalizados, usando abordagens clássicas e atualizadas, permitindo estimar a força, direção e forma da seleção natural sobre os atributos medidos. Este trabalho integrou dados das morfologias florais e êxito reprodutivo feminino de outra população de T. formosa previamente estudada para entender padrões geográficos de seleção mediada por polinizadores. Para tal, utilizando dos mesmos moldes deste trabalho, uma população de T. formosa presente na região de Pratânia (PRT), que ocorria em um cerrado mais comum, foi analisada e comparada com as descobertas feitas em EBR. Os resultados indicam que a população de T. formosa na Estação Ecológica de Barreiro Rico (EBR) apresenta uma fauna de polinizadores composta por três espécies de esfingídeos interagindo com a planta: Agrius cingulata, Manduca rustica e Manduca paphus. A população de EBR possui tubos florais significativamente mais longos do que as populações de Pratânia e Caldas Novas. Observou-se também que os polinizadores apresentam um forte ajuste morfológico com as flores na comunidade de EBR. Devido a isso, foram observados gradientes significativos para um maior número de flores no display floral, o que aumentaria a atração de polinizadores e a frequência de visitas. Portanto, o sucesso reprodutivo da população presente em EBR é favorecido pela produção de mais flores, conferindo maior display floral e atração de polinizadores. Com o objetivo de aprofundar o trabalho, novas análises de seleção foram feitas utilizando diferentes formas para quantificar o êxito reprodutivo da população presente em EBR, que acabaram confirmando os resultados encontrados até então. Nossos resultados também mostraram que as distintas comunidades formadas de populações de Tocoyena formosa e seus polinizadores presentes em Barreiro Rico e Pratânia, apresentam diferenças bióticas e abióticas entre si que levam a alterações formalmente significantes na atuação da seleção natural mediada por polinizadores nestas microescalas. Em relação a Pratânia, a população está sendo selecionada para ter tubos florais mais longos dada o fraco ajuste morfológico planta-polinizador e os tubos significativamente mais curtos. Portanto, em cada caso, a seleção natural acaba selecionando diferentes atributos florais com base nas diferenças abióticas e pressões resultantes dos diferentes graus de ajuste morfológicos da miríade de interações causadas por seus polinizadores e morfologias florais existentes nas diferentes populações formando um mosaico Co evolutivo complexo.Pollinator-mediated natural selection occurs when specific and heritable floral phenotypes increase the reproductive success of plants due to interactions and differential selective pressures exerted by their pollinators, thus promoting morphological adaptations for greater pollination efficiency. Although these adaptations confer a certain degree of specialization. Plant-pollinator interactions often present asymmetries, organizing themselves into complex networks influenced by biotic and abiotic factors. In widely distributed species, such interactions generate geographic mosaics of phenotypic traits and local variability adjusted to the pollinator fauna. Tocoyena formosa (Rubiaceae), widely distributed in the Cerrado biome, exemplifies this phenomenon. Its tubular flowers are highly specialized for pollination by sphingid moths with long proboscises, being exclusively dependent on these species due to its self-incompatibility. However, only a small fraction of the Cerrado’s sphingid fauna has long proboscises, which reinforces the importance of these moths in maintaining ecological connectivity in the communities. We characterized the pollinator fauna of T. formosa at the Barreiro Rico Ecological Station (EBR) through direct and indirect observations using tools such as camera traps, night vision equipment, and entomological nets. In the plants, floral tube length, corolla area, and flower number were measured as morphological traits associated with pollinator interaction. Reproductive success was primarily measured by the number of fruits produced and the average number of seeds per fruit. To further deepen the study, female reproductive success was also quantified by the proportion between the number of fruits produced and the total number of flowers per individual. Data from the EBR population were compared with other previously studied populations from different regions of the Brazilian Cerrado. Natural selection was investigated using multiple regressions and generalized additive models, applying classical and updated approaches to estimate the strength, direction, and form of natural selection on the measured traits. This study integrated floral morphology and female reproductive success data from another previously studied population of T. formosa to understand geographic patterns of pollinator-mediated selection. To this end, using the same methodology, a population of T. formosa from the Pratânia region (PRT), occurring in a more typical Cerrado, was analyzed and compared with the findings from EBR. The results indicate that the T. formosa population at Barreiro Rico Ecological Station (EBR) has a pollinator fauna composed of three sphingid species interacting with the plant: Agrius cingulata, Manduca rustica, and Manduca paphus. The EBR population has significantly longer floral tubes than the populations from Pratânia and Caldas Novas. A strong morphological match between pollinators and flowers was also observed in the EBR community. Consequently, significant gradients were observed for a larger floral display, which would increase pollinator attraction and visitation frequency. Therefore, the reproductive success of the EBR population is favored by the production of more flowers, providing a greater floral display and attracting more pollinators. To deepen the study, new selection analyses were conducted using different approaches to quantify the reproductive success of the EBR population, which confirmed the results found so far. Our results also showed that the distinct communities formed by Tocoyena formosa populations and their pollinators in Barreiro Rico and Pratânia present biotic and abiotic differences that lead to significant changes in the action of pollinator-mediated natural selection at these micro-scales. In Pratânia, the population is being selected for longer floral tubes given the weak morphological fit between plants and pollinators and the significantly shorter tubes. Therefore, in each case, natural selection favors different floral traits based on abiotic differences and the resulting pressures from the varying degrees of morphological fit in the myriad of interactions caused by their pollinators and the floral morphologies present in different populations, forming a complex coevolutionary mosaic.Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica (PIBIC)Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa (PROPe UNESP)119381844
Diet quality of Chilean schoolchildren: How is it linked to adherence to dietary guidelines?
No full textIntroduction In Chile, the prevalence of overweight among schoolchildren over the age of 5 is approximately 50%, one of the highest in the Americas region. This is largely influenced by the presence of inadequate food environments, characterized by limited access to healthy foods and a high availability of highly processed foods (HPF). This study analyzes food consumption in Chilean schoolchildren and the association of this with the Chilean Dietary Guidelines Based on Foods (DGBF) and the HPF consumption. Material and methods The sample (1,094 schoolchildren) was obtained from the baseline of the FONDEF IT18I0016 project, in Santiago-Chile. Anthropometry and socioeconomic data were measured. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative frequency survey featuring images of food groups aligned with DGBF, as well as HPF. All data were collected by trained professional nutritionists. Associations between dependent and independent variables, and potential confounding factors were calculated using logistic regression models with stepwise backward/forward. A p < 0.05 was accepted as significant, using Stata 16.0. Results Most of the students (54.1%) were with malnutrition by excess and 20.0% exhibited abdominal obesity. Twenty percent of the students met the recommended intake for DGBF (fruits, vegetables, fish, milk and dairy products, legumes, water) and less than 5% did not consume any HPF. Consuming some sub-groups of HPF in moderate quantities (either no consumption or occasional consumption) increases the likelihood of meeting DGBF: candies and sweets (OR: 0.72; p = 0.04), pies with or without filling (OR: 0.63; p = 0.01), and salted snacks (OR: 0.67; p = 0.02). Conclusion Our results contribute to reaffirm the need to enhance healthy food consumption among schoolchildren and to discourage the intake of HPF, particularly focusing on specific sub-groups of HPF that may increase the risk of displacing the consumption of food groups recommended by the DGBF.Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Las CondesFaculty of Health and Food Sciences University of Bío-BíoFaculty of Medical Sciences University of Santiago de ChileInstitute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (UNESP), SPInstitute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (UNESP), S
For a city of children: philosophy, sociology, and childhoods
No full textEsta pesquisa investiga as percepções e compreensões das crianças participantes do Projeto Cidade das Crianças, idealizado por Francesco Tonucci, sobre o significado de "ser criança na cidade". A partir de uma abordagem qualitativa e fundamentada na metodologia da investigação-ação, o estudo se desenvolveu por meio da gravação e análise de rodas de filosofia com crianças, utilizando a análise de conteúdo como ferramenta interpretativa. Os resultados apontam para questões centrais relacionadas à infância e ao espaço urbano, com destaque para a seguinte indagação: a escola pode ser considerada a cidade das crianças? Além disso, emergem reflexões sobre a violência de gênero, especialmente contra as meninas, e os desafios de evitar que um projeto político voltado para a infância se torne excessivamente partidário. Neste contexto, a Filosofia com Crianças e a Sociologia da Infância demonstram ser abordagens fundamentais para promover a escuta e o reconhecimento das crianças como sujeitos de pesquisa e produtoras de conhecimento. Ao dar voz às crianças e considerar suas experiências e percepções, esta tese busca contribuir para a construção de cidades verdadeiramente pensadas para e com a infância.This research investigates the perceptions and understandings of children participating in the Children’s City Project, created by Francesco Tonucci, regarding the meaning of "being a child in the city." Using a qualitative approach and grounded in action-research methodology, the study was developed through the recording and analysis of philosophy discussions with children, employing content analysis as an interpretative tool. The results point to central issues related to childhood and urban space, with a focus on the following question: can the school be considered the city of children? Furthermore, reflections on gender-based violence, especially against girls, and the challenges of preventing a political project aimed at childhood from becoming overly partisan, emerge. In this context, Philosophy with Children and the Sociology of Childhood prove to be essential approaches for promoting listening and recognizing children as research subjects and knowledge producers. By giving a voice to children and considering their experiences and perceptions, this thesis aims to contribute to the creation of cities that are truly designed for and with childhood
Detection of coffee leaf miner (Leucoptera coffeella) infestation symptoms using multi-scale remote sensing
No full textO bicho-mineiro do cafeeiro (BMC), Leucoptera coffeella (Guérin-Méneville) (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae), é uma das principais pragas que afetam a cafeicultura brasileira, causando injúrias significativas às folhas do cafeeiro, reduzindo a área fotossintética, causando desfolha acentuada e comprometendo a produtividade. Sua detecção e monitoramento convencionais são trabalhosos e limitados a pequenas áreas e poucas plantas, dificultando o manejo integrado em larga escala. Métodos baseados em sensoriamento remoto multiescala apresentam potencial para identificação dos diferentes níveis de infestação, mas requerem investigação sobre as relações entre dados espectrais e a presença da praga. Esta pesquisa investigou o potencial do sensoriamento remoto multiescala para detecção do BMC, analisando dados em três níveis de observação: orbital, dossel e foliar, utilizando dados hiperespectrais e multiespectrais para caracterizar a resposta espectral da infestação. No monitoramento orbital, utilizando imagens dos sensores Planet e Sentinel-2A, observou-se que os padrões de NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) responderam predominantemente aos fatores climatológicos e ao ciclo fenológico da cultura, sobrepondo-se aos efeitos da infestação. Na escala de dossel, as regiões de 595-605 nm e próximas a 700 nm (red edge) foram identificadas como as mais relevantes, com alta correlação entre sensores hiperespectrais e multiespectrais (R²>0,93). O modelo SVR-Linear aplicado aos dados hiperespectrais apresentou o melhor desempenho (p=0,038), embora com limitações na precisão das estimativas (RMSE=5,490) do número médio de minas por planta. Em nível foliar, identificou-se que a região espectral em torno de 700 nm é a mais sensível para discriminar diferentes níveis de infestação, com diferenças espectrais significativas (p0.93). The SVR-Linear model applied to hyperspectral data showed the best performance (p=0.038), although with limitations in estimation accuracy (RMSE=5.490) of the average number of mines per plant. At the leaf level, the spectral region around 700 nm was identified as most sensitive for discriminating different infestation levels, with significant spectral differences (p<0.05) between healthy and symptomatic leaves. The results demonstrate that multiscale remote sensing offers potential for CLM monitoring, especially at leaf and canopy levels, where spectral changes were most evident. The integration of different observation scales provides a more complete understanding of this pest's spectral response, from infestation patterns at the orbital scale to biophysical changes at leaf level. Thus, this approach represents an advancement as a basis for CLM detection, establishing foundations for the future development of more efficient phytosanitary monitoring methods for this coffee pest.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)CAPES: 001FAPESP: 2021/06029-
Oropharyngeal dysphagia in individuals with a history of head and neck cancer: a cross-sectional study
No full textOs sujeitos com histórico de câncer de cabeça e pescoço podem apresentar disfagia após o tratamento, além de comprometimento físico, psicossocial e emocional. Portanto, o objetivo desse estudo transversal foi avaliar a deglutição em sujeitos com e sem histórico de câncer de cabeça e pescoço por meio da amplitude eletromiográfica, fluxo salivar e qualidade de vida. Foram analisados 30 sujeitos, portadores de próteses totais bimaxilares há pelo menos 6 meses, com (grupo teste; n=15) e sem (grupo controle; n=15) histórico de câncer de cabeça e pescoço, atendidos no Centro de Oncologia Bucal da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba (COB/FOA-UNESP). A amplitude eletromiográfica dos músculos masseter, temporal e supra- hióideos foi avaliada durante o repouso mandibular e nos protocolos de deglutição de néctar, líquido, pudim e sólido, por meio de um eletromiógrafo de superfície. O fluxo salivar foi quantificado por meio da coleta de saliva não estimulada dos sujeitos com as próteses totais em posição. O rastreio de disfagia e seus efeitos na qualidade de vida foram avaliados por meio do MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI). Os dados obtidos foram submetidos aos testes de aderência à curva normal (Shapiro-Wilk) e, posteriormente, aplicado o teste estatístico adequado (T-Student ou Mann-Whitney). Não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos teste e controle na análise eletromiográfica dos músculos temporal, masseter e supra-hióideos nas condições de repouso (p = 0,468 / 0,663 / 0,619) e deglutição de néctar (p = 0,240 / 0,830 / 0,870), líquido (p = 0,101 / 0,760 / 0,838), pudim (p = 0,056 / 0,902 / 0,967) e sólido (p = 0,494 / 0,805 / 0,116). Em relação ao fluxo salivar, também não houve diferença estatística significativa entre os grupos (p=0,438). Pode observar, entre os dois grupos testados, diferença estatística significativa nos achados do questionário MDADI (p<0,001), assim como em cada domínio avaliado (Global: p=0,008; Funcional: p<0,001; Emocional: p<0,001; Físico: p=0,003). Desse modo, pode-se concluir que atividade eletromiográfica e o fluxo salivar não difere entre os dois grupos, teste e controle. No entanto, os pacientes oncológicos submetidos ao tratamento do câncer de cabeça e pescoço apresentaram, de acordo com o MDADI, grande impacto na qualidade de vida, principalmente para o domínio emocional.Subjects with a history of head and neck cancer may experience dysphagia after treatment, in addition to physical, psychosocial, and emotional impairments. Therefore, the aim of this observational study was to evaluate swallowing in subjects with and without a history of head and neck cancer through electromyographic amplitude, salivary flow, and quality of life. A total of 30 subjects who had been wearing bimaxillary total prostheses for at least six months were analyzed, including those with (test group; n=15) and without (control group; n=15) a history of head and neck cancer. These individuals were treated at the Oral Oncology Center of the School of Dentistry of Araçatuba (COB/FOA-UNESP). Electromyographic amplitude of the masseter, temporal, and suprahyoid muscles was assessed during mandibular rest and swallowing of nectar, liquid, pudding, and solid consistencies using a surface electromyograph. Salivary flow was quantified by collecting unstimulated saliva from subjects while their total prostheses were in position. Dysphagia screening and its effects on quality of life were assessed using the MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI).The obtained data were subjected to normality tests (Shapiro-Wilk), followed by the application of the appropriate statistical test (Student’s t-test or Mann-Whitney test). No statistically significant differences were found between the test and control groups in the electromyographic analysis of the temporal, masseter, and suprahyoid muscles under resting conditions (p = 0.468 / 0.663 / 0.619) and during the swallowing of nectar (p = 0.240 / 0.830 / 0.870), liquid (p = 0.101 / 0.760 / 0.838), pudding (p= 0.056 / 0.902 / 0.967), and solid (p = 0.494 / 0.805 / 0.116) consistencies. Regarding salivary flow, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups (p=0.438). However, a statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in the MDADI questionnaire findings (p<0.001), as well as in each assessed domain (Global: p=0.008; Functional: p<0.001; Emotional: p<0.001; Physical: p=0.003).Thus, it can be concluded that electromyographic activity and salivary flow do not differ between the test and control groups. However, oncology patients who underwent treatment for head and neck cancer exhibited a significant impact on quality of life, according to the MDADI, particularly in the emotional domain.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq
Maternal protein restriction impairs intestinal morphophysiology and antioxidant system in young male offspring rats
No full textThe developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) concept suggests that adverse conditions during gestation can influence the development and function of multiple organs, including the gastrointestinal tract. Maternal protein restriction (MPR) exposure has been associated with negative effects on reproduction, the endocrine system, and liver metabolic health. However, limited research has explored the impact of MPR on the offspring's intestinal morphophysiology. This study investigated the effects of gestational and lactational MPR on the duodenum and colon of young male offspring rats at postnatal (PND)21. We hypothesize that MPR affects intestinal morphophysiology and development early in life. Our findings revealed tachygastria in offspring exposed to MPR. The ultrastructural analysis uncovered a reduction in goblet cell numbers and changes in collagen deposition in the duodenum and colon. We also identified imbalances in inflammatory markers (IL-6 and TGF-β1) and antioxidant enzymes (CAT and SOD). These results demonstrate that MPR significantly affects gastrointestinal morphophysiology early in life by disrupting gastric motility and altering duodenal and colonic histoarchitecture, antioxidant defense, and inflammatory pathways. Such alterations may predispose the descendants to long-term gastrointestinal disorders, underscoring the importance of further research on the developmental origins of intestinal health and disease.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Marine National FacilityDepartment of Structural and Functional Biology Institute of Biosciences Sao Paulo State University, SPDepartment of Biophysics and Pharmacology Institute of Biosciences Sao Paulo State University, SPCancer Signaling and Epigenetics Program Fox Chase Cancer CenterDepartment of Structural and Functional Biology Institute of Biosciences Sao Paulo State University, SPDepartment of Biophysics and Pharmacology Institute of Biosciences Sao Paulo State University, S
Investigating the ferroelectric phases of sodium niobate: A computational approach
No full textThis study investigates the ferroelectric phases of NaNbO3 using density functional theory (DFT) simulations. Special attention is given to the antiferroelectric polymorph Pbcm and the purported polar phases with monoclinic P1m1 and orthorhombic P21ma symmetries. The results reveal similarities in the diffraction patterns and Raman spectra of the P1m1 and P21ma models, while the Pbcm model exhibits greater distinctiveness. A comprehensive mechanical analysis was conducted, revealing notable anisotropy in mechanical properties and an unusually negative Poisson's ratio for the R3c symmetry. In terms of ferroelectric properties, only the P1m1, P21ma, and R3c structures exhibit non-zero values for piezoelectric charge constants, indicating ferroelectric behavior. The Pbcm space group results from the stacking of two P21ma layers by a second-order improper rotation, explaining its antiferroelectric behavior. This work significantly contributes to the literature by providing a detailed understanding of the structural, vibrational, and mechanical properties of various NaNbO3 phases, highlighting the distinct ferroelectric and antiferroelectric behaviors.Universidade Estadual PaulistaConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do SulAdvanced Crystal Growth and Photonics (CCAF) Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), RSModeling and Molecular Simulation Group São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Sciences, SPModeling and Molecular Simulation Group São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Sciences, SPCNPq: 150187/2023-8FAPESP: 22/03959-6FAPESP: 22/16509-9Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul: 23/2551-0000153-5CNPq: 307213/2021–8CNPq: 309719/2023-2CNPq: 314278/2023-0CNPq: 406160/2023-
Fusion Regression
No full textIn recent years, various regression methods have been studied in the literature. Although these methods have shown success in different applications, there is no consensus on which one is the best. Different regressors can produce significantly different prediction results when applied to datasets with varying properties. In this paper, we propose Fusion Regression (FuR), a novel approach that combines the predictions of multiple regressors to leverage their complementary views. FuR concatenates the predictions of regressors to create a new feature space and employs a re-ranking scheme for improved accuracy. Our experiments, conducted on 10 datasets with varying properties (such as size and dimension), show that FuR leads to performance gains of up to 20% compared to the best baseline regressor and up to 16% compared to the recently proposed Regression by Re-ranking method.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)PetrobrasInstitute of Computing (IC) University of Campinas (UNICAMP)Department of Statistics Applied Mathematics and Computing São Paulo State University (UNESP)Artificial Intelligence Group Wageningen University and ResearchDepartment of Statistics Applied Mathematics and Computing São Paulo State University (UNESP)CNPq: #140301/2020-8FAPESP: #2018/15597-6Petrobras: #2023/00095-3FAPESP: #2024/04890-5CNPq: #313193/2023-1CNPq: #422667/2021-8CAPES: #88882.329132/2019-0