233955 research outputs found
Sort by
Hydrodynamical simulations of proto-Moon degassing
No full textModeling the isotopic and elemental abundance of the bulk silicate Moon represent major challenges. Similarities in the non-mass dependent isotopic composition of refractory elements with the bulk silicate Earth suggest that both the Earth and the Moon formed from the same material reservoir. On the other hand, the Moon's volatile depletion and isotopic composition of moderately volatile elements points to a global devolatilization processes, most likely during a magma ocean phase of the Moon. Here, we investigate the devolatilization of the molten Moon due to a tidally-assisted hydrodynamic escape, first proposed by Charnoz et al. (2021), with a focus on the dynamics of the evaporated gas. Unlike the 1D steady-state approach of Charnoz et al. (2021), we use 2D time-dependent hydrodynamic simulations carried out with the FARGOCA code modified to take into account the magma ocean as a gas source. Near the Earth's Roche limit, where the proto-Moon likely formed, evaporated gases from the lunar magma ocean form a circum-Earth disk of volatiles, with less than 30% of material being re-accreted by the Moon. We find that the measured depletion of K and Na on the Moon can be achieved if the lunar magma-ocean had a surface temperature of about 1800-2000 K. After about 1000 years, a thermal boundary layer or a flotation crust forms a lid that inhibits volatile escape. Mapping the volatile velocity field reveals varying trends in the longitudes of volatile reaccretion on the Moon's surface: material is predominantly re-accreted on the trailing side when the Moon-Earth distance exceeds 3.5 Earth radii. For k2/Q values of 0.0003 and 0.03, 60% and more than 99% of the volatile material, respectively, is re-accreted on the trailing side, suggesting a dichotomy in volatile abundances between the leading and trailing sides of the Moon. This dichotomy may provide insights on the tidal conditions of the early molten Earth. In conclusion, tidally-driven atmospheric escape effectively devolatilizes the Moon, matching the measured abundances of Na and K on timescales compatible with the formation of a thermal boundary layer or an anorthite flotation crust.European Research CouncilFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Université Paris Cité Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris CNRSUniversité Côte d'Azur Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur CNRS Lagrange (UMR7293), Nice cedex 4São Paulo State University Grupo de Dinâmica Orbital e Planetologia, SPSão Paulo State University Grupo de Dinâmica Orbital e Planetologia, SPEuropean Research Council: 101001282FAPESP: 2021/00628-6FAPESP: 2023/09307-
Global impoverishment of natural vegetation revealed by dark diversity
No full textAnthropogenic biodiversity decline threatens the functioning of ecosystems and the many benefits they provide to humanity1. As well as causing species losses in directly affected locations, human influence might also reduce biodiversity in relatively unmodified vegetation if far-reaching anthropogenic effects trigger local extinctions and hinder recolonization. Here we show that local plant diversity is globally negatively related to the level of anthropogenic activity in the surrounding region. Impoverishment of natural vegetation was evident only when we considered community completeness: the proportion of all suitable species in the region that are present at a site. To estimate community completeness, we compared the number of recorded species with the dark diversity—ecologically suitable species that are absent from a site but present in the surrounding region2. In the sampled regions with a minimal human footprint index, an average of 35% of suitable plant species were present locally, compared with less than 20% in highly affected regions. Besides having the potential to uncover overlooked threats to biodiversity, dark diversity also provides guidance for nature conservation. Species in the dark diversity remain regionally present, and their local populations might be restored through measures that improve connectivity between natural vegetation fragments and reduce threats to population persistence.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of TartuDepartment of Plant Sciences University of SaskatchewanDepartment of Biological Geological and Environmental Sciences Alma Mater Studiorum —University of BolognaDepartment of Botany and Zoology Faculty of Science Masaryk UniversityCIDE CSIC-UV-GVADepartment of Botany Faculty of Science University of South BohemiaDepartment of Ecology Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm UniversityDepartment of Environmental Science and Policy University of California DavisNorwegian Institute for Nature ResearchEvolution and Ecology Research Centre School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences UNSW SydneyGulbali Institute Charles Sturt UniversityPlant Ecology Group Institute of Evolution and Ecology University of TübingenIndependent researcherDepartment of Reclamation of Arid and Mountainous Regions University of TehranDepartment of Biology Faculty of Science Ferdowsi University of MashhadGreat Lakes Forestry Centre Canadian Forest Service Natural Resources CanadaTerrestrial Ecology Group Department of Ecology Universidad Autónoma de MadridCentro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridAustralian Tropical Herbarium James Cook UniversityDepartment of Range and Watershed Management Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment Ferdowsi University of MashhadDepartment of Ecology University of SzegedCentre for Environmental Sciences Hasselt UniversityPlant Ecology and Nature Conservation University of PotsdamDepartment of Biological Sciences University of BergenBjerknes Centre for Climate Research University of BergenDepartment of Plant Biology and Ecology University of the Basque Country UPV/EHUDepartment of Evolutionary Biology Ecology and Environmental Sciences (Botany and Mycology) Universitat de BarcelonaBiodiversity Research Institute (IRBio) Universitat de BarcelonaDepartment of Biology University of North Carolina at GreensboroDepartment of Biology National University of MongoliaDepartment of Forest Sciences Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture University of São PauloRe.greenDepartment of Natural Sciences Manchester Metropolitan UniversityDépartement de biologie Université de SherbrookeDepartment of Biological Sciences University of AlbertaInstituto Pirenaico de Ecologia CSICDepartment of Environmental Sciences Informatics and Statistics Ca’ Foscari University of VeniceDepartment of Life Health and Environmental Science University of L’Aquila CoppitoDepartment of Chemistry Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability University of ParmaÉcole Pratique des Hautes Études Paris Sciences Lettres University (EPHE-PSL)University Claude Bernard Lyon 1 LEHNA UMR5023 CNRS ENTPEDepartment of Biotechnology and Life Science University of InsubriaConservatoire d’espaces naturels Centre–Val de LoireResearch Group Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO) University of AntwerpCentre for Functional Ecology Associate Laboratory TERRA Department of Life Sciences University of CoimbraDepartment of Physical Geography Stockholm UniversityDepartment of Invasion Ecology Institute of Botany Czech Academy of SciencesInstituto de Biociências Lab of Vegetation Ecology Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)Lendület Seed Ecology Research Group Institute of Ecology and Botany HUN-REN Centre for Ecological ResearchInstitute of Environmental Biology Faculty of Biology University of WarsawVegetation Ecology Research Group Institute of Natural Resource Sciences (IUNR) Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW)Institute of Botany Czech Academy of SciencesCREAF (Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications)Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaQuantitative Plant Ecology and Biodiversity Research Lab Department of Biology Faculty of Science Ferdowsi University of MashhadInstituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (CONICET-UNC)FCEFyN Universidad Nacional de CórdobaDepartment of Ecology and Genetics University of OuluGerman Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-LeipzigDivision of BioInvasions Global Change and Macroecology University of ViennaState Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesChair of Plant Ecology University of BayreuthDepartment of Molecular Biology and Genetics Faculty of Arts and Sciences Ordu UniversityBiodiversity Research Institute (IMIB) University of Oviedo–CSIC–Principality of AsturiasDepartment of Organismal and Systems Biology University of OvidedoInstitute of Plant Sciences University of BernDepartment of Agricultural and Food Chemistry Universidad Autónoma de MadridDepartment of Natural Resource Sciences Thompson Rivers UniversityGraduate Program in Botany Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulAu Sable Institute of Environmental StudiesDepartment of Geological Biological and Environmental Sciences University of CataniaDepartamento de Biología Animal Biología Vegetal y Ecología Universidad de JaénInstituto Interuniversitario del Sistema Tierra de Andalucía Universidad de JaénSchool of Agriculture Food and Ecosystem Sciences University of MelbourneUnit of Botany Department of Animal and Plant Biology and Ecology Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaDepartment of Biological Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies University of PalermoCIRAD UMR Eco & SolsEco & Sols University Montpellier CIRAD INRAE Institut Agro IRDBiology Education Dokuz Eylül UniversityKey Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of SciencesDepartment of Earth and Environmental Sciences KU LeuvenKU Leuven Plant Institute KU LeuvenDepartment of Ecoscience Aarhus UniversityArctic Research Centre Aarhus UniversityInstitute of Botany Plant Science and Biodiversity Center Slovak Academy of SciencesState Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of SciencesJilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of SciencesJilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of SciencesSchool of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandInstitute of Biological Sciences University of Zielona GóraF. Falz-Fein Biosphere Reserve Askania NovaDepartamento de Biología Ambiental Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de NavarraBiogeography and Biodiversity Lab Institute of Physical Geography Goethe-University FrankfurtFaculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences University of RostockDepartment of Disturbance Ecology Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER) University of BayreuthDepartment of Range and Watershed Management Faculty of Natural Resources Islamic Azad University Nour BranchChair of Sensor-based Geoinformatics Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources University of FreiburgCentre for Biodiversity and Taxonomy Department of Botany University of KashmirDepartment of Species Interaction Ecology Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research—UFZDepartment of Functional Ecology Institute of Botany Czech Academy of SciencesChair of Biodiversity and Nature Tourism Estonian University of Life SciencesKalmar County Administrative BoardInstituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)Ecology and Biodiversity (E & B) Utrecht UniversityAerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesState Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-Ecosystems School of Life Sciences Lanzhou UniversitySchool of Grassland Science Beijing Forestry UniversityHigher Technical School of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering Castilla-La Mancha UniversityApplied Plant Ecology Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology University of HamburgNetzwerk für Angewandte ÖkologieInstitute of Hydrobiology Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of SciencesDepartment of Life and Environmental Sciences University of CagliariUniv. Bordeaux CNRS Bordeaux INP EPOC UMR 5805ÖMKi—Research Institute of Organic AgricultureCollege of Science and Engineering James Cook UniversityInstitute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem) Universidad Autónoma de MadridDepartment of Botany Kherson State UniversityHarry Butler Institute Murdoch UniversityDepartment of Geography and Environmental Studies Stellenbosch UniversityLaboratorio de Biodiversidad y Funcionamiento Ecosistémico Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS) CSICCentre for Ecosystem Science UNSW SydneyDepartment of Agriculture and Natural Resource Sciences Namibia University of Science and TechnologyInstitute of Landscape Ecology University of MünsterCenter for Sustainable Landscapes Under Global Change Department of Biology Aarhus UniversityBotanical Garden Center for Biological Diversity Conservation Polish Academy of SciencesGreenpeace EspañaShenzhen MSU-BIT UniversityDepartment of Ecology and Environmental Protection Faculty of Biology Sofia University St Kliment OhridskiDepartemento Biología y Geología Física y Química Inorgánica Universidad Rey Juan CarlosUniversidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UNPA) CONICETDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of the AndesSwedish Biodiversity Centre Department of Urban and Rural Development Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Biology Lund UniversityRemote Sensing Centre for Earth System Research (RSC4Earth) Leipzig UniversityInstitute of Geology Tallinn University of TechnologyDepartment of Soil Sciences Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture University of São PauloEstación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC)Department of Agronomy University of AlmeríaFaculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesScuola di Scienze Agrarie Forestali Alimentari e Ambientali Università della BasilicataDepartamento de Biodiversidad Ecología y Evolución Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Complutense de MadridSchool of Natural Sciences Macquarie UniversityDepartment of Ecosystem Science and Management Laramie Research and Extension Center University of WyomingInstitute of Plant Science and Microbiology University of HamburgFuture Regions Research Centre Federation University Australia BallaratCIRAD-UMR EcoFoGBotanical Institute of Barcelona (CSIC-CMCNB)Department of Ecology University of DebrecenInstitute of Agroecology and Plant Production Wrocław University of Environmental and Life SciencesEcosystems and Global Change Group School of the Environment Trent UniversityDepartment of Plant Sciences University of CambridgeEstación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (EEZA-CSIC)Independent reseacherYuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National UniversityHUN-REN-UD Functional and Restoration Ecology Research Group Department of Ecology University of DebrecenHUN-REN-UD Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Research Group Department of Ecology University of DebrecenCentre de Recherche sur la Biodiversité et l’Environnement (CRBE) UMR 5300 UPS-CNRS-IRD-INP Université Paul Sabatier–Toulouse 3School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine University of CamerinoDepartment of Mathematics and Science Education Faculty of Education Ordu UniversityDepartamento de Ciencias de la Vida Universidad de AlcaláDepartment of Applied Ecology Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life SciencesNature Conservation Agency of the Czech RepublicDepartment of Biology Aarhus UniversityDepartment of Environmental Sciences University of BaselKey Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesSichuan Academy of ForestryNational Monitoring Centre for Biodiversity GermanyDeakin UniversityInstituto de Biociências Lab of Vegetation Ecology Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP
Plasma proinflammatory cytokine response to surgical stress in elderly patients
No full textThe objective of this longitudinal study was to jointly assess DNA damage, apoptosis, inflammatory marker levels, and white blood cell (WBC) counts in physicians occupationally exposed to inhalation anesthetics during specializations. Thus, we aimed to identify a possible cause-effect relationship between occupational exposure to waste anesthetic gases (WAGs), which were measured, and genotoxic, cytotoxic, and immunotoxic effects. Nineteen medical residents were evaluated at four time points: before entering medical residency (baseline) and at the beginning, middle, and end of medical residency. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were investigated for DNA damage, which was detected via the comet assay, and for apoptosis, which was detected via an annexin marker (flow cytometry). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and serum inflammatory cytokines were evaluated via flow cytometry, and total and differential WBCs were counted. In addition, the concentrations of the WAGs measured in the workplace during the study were evaluated via an infrared spectrophotometer. The WAG concentrations were far higher than the internationally recommended values. Compared with those at previous time points, we observed increased DNA damage (PaEuro...=aEuro....008) and apoptosis (PaEuro...=aEuro....001) in PBMCs from the middle to the end of medical residency. Significant increases (PaEuro...< aEuro....05) in the IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17A, IL-18, and IL-23 levels throughout medical residency were detected. There was no effect on the WBC count (PaEuro...< aEuro....05), and all the means were within the reference range values. Occupational exposure to high levels of WAGs induces DNA damage, apoptosis, and changes in serum inflammatory marker levels, but not in leukocyte counts, in physicians who work in surgical theaters lacking an adequate scavenging system during medical residency.Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Botucatu Med Sch, Prof Mario Rubens G Montenegro Ave, BR-18618687 Botucatu, SP, BrazilSao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Botucatu Med Sch, Div Anesthesiol, GENOTOX Lab, Botucatu, SP, BrazilSao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Botucatu Med Sch, Flow Cytometry Lab, Clin Hosp, Botucatu, SP, BrazilSao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Botucatu Med Sch, Prof Mario Rubens G Montenegro Ave, BR-18618687 Botucatu, SP, BrazilSao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Botucatu Med Sch, Div Anesthesiol, GENOTOX Lab, Botucatu, SP, BrazilSao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Botucatu Med Sch, Flow Cytometry Lab, Clin Hosp, Botucatu, SP, Brazi
Application of recurrent neural networks in material demand forecasting: a comparison of deep learning models
No full textA otimização da gestão de estoque em ambientes fabris é crucial para a continuidade operacional e depende de previsões acuradas de consumo. Visando otimizar este processo, este trabalho investiga a aplicabilidade de redes neurais recorrentes (Recurrent Neural Network - RNN) na previsão de demanda de materiais. Foram desenvolvidos, treinados e comparados cinco modelos de aprendizado profundo: RNN simples, RNN com Batch Normalization, RNN com Layer Normalization, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) e Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). Utilizou-se um conjunto de dados real de uma indústria de carrocerias, composto por dez séries temporais de consumo semanal com 100 amostras cada. A metodologia adotada envolveu a normalização dos dados, a criação de janelas deslizantes de 15 semanas para treino, validação e teste, e a avaliação do desempenho dos modelos com base em métricas MAE (Mean Absolute Error), RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) e MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error), bem como, com base em previsões recursivas de 20 semanas. Os modelos foram treinados com o otimizador Adam, função de perda MSE (Mean Square Error) e o mecanismo de EarlyStopping para prevenção de sobreajuste. Os resultados demonstraram que o modelo RNN simples obteve o melhor desempenho, com um MAPE de 1,785%, superando as arquiteturas mais complexas LSTM, GRU e as variantes de RNN com normalização. Concluiu-se que, para o volume e as características dos dados analisados, a menor complexidade da RNN Simples proporcionou uma melhor capacidade de generalização. Além disso, apontou-se que a utilização de séries temporais mais longas ou a inclusão de variáveis exógenas pode contribuir para o aprimoramento das previsões futuras.Optimizing inventory management in manufacturing environments is crucial for operational continuity and relies on accurate consumption forecasting. Aiming to enhance this process, this study investigates the applicability of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) in material demand forecasting. Five deep learning models were developed, trained, and compared: Simple RNN, RNN with Batch Normalization, RNN with Layer Normalization, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). A real-world dataset from a bus body manufacturing company was used, consisting of ten weekly consumption time series with 100 samples each. The adopted methodology included data normalization, the creation of 15-week sliding windows for training, validation, and testing, and performance evaluation based on MAE (Mean Absolute Error), RMSE (Root Mean Square Error), and MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) metrics, using 20-week recursive forecasts. The models were trained using the Adam optimizer, Mean Square Error (MSE) loss function, and the EarlyStopping mechanism to prevent overfitting. Results demonstrated that the simple RNN model achieved the best performance, with a MAPE of 1.785%, outperforming the more complex LSTM, GRU, and the RNN variants with normalization. It was concluded that, for the volume and characteristics of the analyzed data, the lower complexity of the simple RNN provided superior generalization capacity. Furthermore, it was suggested that the use of longer time series or the inclusion of exogenous variables may contribute to the enhancement of future forecasts
Differential preservation in a lacustrine fossil assemblage from the Cretaceous Bauru basin, Brazil
No full textLakes are engaging environments for fossil diagenesis studies because of their potential for fossil preservation. One such example is the Upper Cretaceous São Carlos Shale, which corresponds to the paleolake, which is not documented anywhere in the Bauru Basin. The fossil assemblages were composed of plants, vertebrates, and invertebrates. Fossil diagenesis analyses were performed to understand the taphonomic conditions, chemical composition, and state of preservation of the constituents. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron detector spectroscopy (EDS) were used to determine the elemental composition and visualise framboidal pyrite inside the invertebrate fossils and the remains of biofilms intimately linked to them. Micro X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) mapping revealed the elemental distribution related to the original composition of carapace and vertebrate remains. X-ray diffraction of the bulk rock helped the mineralogical characterisation of the shales. Sulfate-reducing bacteria was found at the bottom of the lacustrine environment, resulting in the precipitation of pyrite via organic matter decomposition. Establishing low pH conditions promoted the partial dissolution of calcite carapaces, followed by apatite precipitation and the preservation of chitinous conchostracan carapaces. This change in the diagenetic conditions was not significant for charcoal preservation. In turn, teleost bones were preserved, likely because of their high P concentrations. Thus, even if controlled by low pH conditions, the chemical structural stability of bioapatite can be maintained during fossil diagenesis. The sources of these elements were likely runoff-reworked sediments derived from intermediate and felsic rocks on the paleolake. Although rich in vertebrate fossils, the assemblage studied shows a differentiated preservation for the Bauru basin, expanding the possibilities of the record for this exceptional basin of the South American plate.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Postgraduate Program in Agronomy (Soil Science) School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Science (FCAV) São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n., Jaboticabal, SPBrazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, São PauloPostgraduate Program in Geosciences. Geosciences Institute State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 250 Carlos Gomes St, SPGeosciences Institute São Paulo University (USP), Rua do Lago, 562, São PauloPostgraduate Program in Agronomy (Soil Science) School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Science (FCAV) São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n., Jaboticabal, S
Circulating vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3, a pro-lymphangiogenic and pro-angiogenic mediator, is decreased in pre-eclampsia
No full textObjective: To compare circulating levels of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3) in women with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and in non-pregnant (NP) and healthy pregnant (HP) women. Methods: We conducted a case–control study including PIH (n = 135), HP (n = 68), and NP (n = 49) women from southeastern Brazil. PIH were diagnosed according to international guidelines, and defined as gestational hypertension (GH, n = 61) or pre-eclampsia (n = 74). VEGFR-3 was measured in plasma using ELISA. Results: Plasma VEGFR-3 was increased in HP (1207 pg/mL) compared with NP (133 pg/mL) women; however, PIH (729 pg/mL) patients exhibited lower levels than HP women (both p < 0.05). In addition, plasma VEGFR-3 was decreased in pre-eclampsia compared with GH (537 versus 980 pg/mL; p < 0.05). When pre-eclampsia was classified according to different clinical presentations, plasma VEGFR-3 was further decreased in the cases identified as pre-eclampsia with severe features, preterm pre-eclampsia, and pre-eclampsia accompanied by small for gestational age (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our data indicate reduced circulating VEGFR-3 levels in patients with PIH, specifically in those diagnosed with pre-eclampsia. Moreover, decreased VEGFR-3 was associated with adverse clinical outcomes in pre-eclampsia. These findings expand previous evidence of reduced VEGFR-3 expression in pre-eclampsia. Future studies should investigate whether it can be used as a predictive biomarker and/or therapeutic target for pre-eclampsia.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteNational Institute of General Medical SciencesDepartment of Surgery School of Medicine University of Mississippi Medical Center (UMMC)Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center School of Medicine University of Mississippi Medical Center (UMMC)Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Sao PauloDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao PauloDepartment of Biophysics and Pharmacology Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Sao PauloFAPESP: 2019/07230-8FAPESP: 2021/12010-7FAPESP: 2023/08897-1CNPq: 308504/2021-6CAPES: 88887.806462/2023-00National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: K01HL159032National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: R01HL148191National Institute of General Medical Sciences: U54GM11542
Insect Meal (Tenebrio molitor) Has High Nutrient Digestibility for Newly Weaned Piglets
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the inclusion of insect larvae meal (Tenebrio molitor) on the apparent total digestibility of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE), ether extract (EE), crude protein (CP), neutral and acid detergent fiber (NDF and FDA), and the apparent and standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids (Exp.1) and to evaluate the inclusion of insect meal with iron and manganese supplementation on growth performance and serum hemoglobin concentration by collecting blood (day zero), on the 14th and 32nd days of the experiment (Exp.2). The standardized ileal digestibility values for amino acids and crude protein of insect meal were similar to those found for soybean meal, with high metabolizable energy values (Exp.1), and there was no difference in performance for any of the variables analyzed (p ≥ 0.05) in any of the periods (Exp.2). For serum hemoglobin values, there was no interaction (p ≥ 0.05) between the treatments used and the collection days; however, hemoglobin values increased (p < 0.05) at each collection time. It can therefore be concluded that insect meal for pigs can be considered an alternative ingredient to soybean meal as a source of protein in piglet nutrition due to high digestibility of amino acids without deleterious effect on productive performance.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University, São PauloLuiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture University of São Paulo, São PauloSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University, São PauloFAPESP: 2019/16802/
Spatio-temporal analysis of surface temperature indicators as a way of evaluating areas with forest preservation
No full textThis article aims to analyze the variation of the Soil Surface Temperature (LST) and the Thermal Dryness Index (TVDI) in the hydrographic sub-basin that supplies the municipality of Paracatu, Brazil, and the Paracatu State Park, located in the interior of the basin and created to preserve the cerrado biome, restrict agricultural activities and guarantee water resources for local public supply. Images from the Landsat 5 and 8 satellites were used, whose results indicate that changes in land use are contributing to the water stress of the vegetation present there, and the spatial behavior of LST and TVDI indicates that the creation of the Park was an efficient practice in the preservation of the biome, concluding that they are timely indicators for the monitoring and management of public agencies to monitor human activities.Univ Estatal Paulista UNESP, Inst Ciencia & Tecnol, Sorocaba, SP, BrazilUniv Estatal Paulista UNESP, Inst Ciencia & Tecnol, Sorocaba, SP, Brazi
Optically pumped magnetometer for the evaluation of solid dosage forms
No full textA via oral é alvo de grande interesse da indústria farmacêutica, principalmente por ser a via mais utilizada na administração de fármacos, de melhor adesão pelo paciente e uma forma segura de administração. A formulação das formas farmacêuticas sólidas (FFS) são as mais utilizadas, assim, garantir a liberação adequada do fármaco é de suma importância. Nesse contexto, surge a necessidade de avaliar os parâmetros de FFS ao longo do trato gastrointestinal (TGI). Para esses estudos, a implementação de técnicas biomagnéticas têm se destacado ao longo dos anos. Entre as técnicas utilizadas, vale elencar a Biosusceptometria de Corrente Alternada (BAC) - uma técnica versátil e não invasiva. Porém, para sua aplicação é necessário uma alta concentração de marcador magnético nas formulações (cerca de 50% da massa da FFS) o que pode influenciar em parâmetros farmacotécnicos. Por outo lado, os magnetômetros de bombeamento óptico (OPM) estão sendo propostos para uma vasta gama de aplicações, devido à sua sensibilidade. Esse trabalho busca desenvolver uma nova ferramenta para obter de maneira in vitro e in vivo via OPM, o tempo de desintegração de comprimidos (TDC) e o tempo de dissolução de revestimento (TDR), utilizando o mínimo possível de marcadores magnéticos na formulação das FFS. Foram realizados ensaios in vitro simulando o meio de dissolução do estômago e experimentos in vivo para obter e determinar o TDR e o TDC da FFS desenvolvida. Obteve-se in vitro o TDR e TDC das formulações 1 (F1), 2 (F2) e 3 (F3), de modo que a F1 utilizou-se de 50 mg de marcador magnético - esta sendo a nova FFS desenvolvida e utilizando 10 vezes menos marcador magnético do que em estudos farmacêuticos via BAC -, a F2 utilizou-se de 500 mg, e a F3 800 mg. Através dos resultados obteve-se o TDR (142,94 s, 167,21 s, 201,50 s) e TDC (67,21 s, 68,30 s, 84,50 s) das formulações 1, 2 e 3, respectivamente, demonstrando uma influência diretamente proporcional entre o marcador magnético utilizado e os processos tempo-dependentes analisados, também foi possível obter tais parâmetros nos experimentos in vivo. Dessa forma, o OPM se mostrou capaz de quantificar o TDR e TDC das FFS, e reduzir significativamente a quantidade de marcador magnético utilizado nas FFS in vitro, fornecendo resultados mais fidedignos e uma formulação muito mais próxima à comercial. O OPM apresentou excelentes resultados iniciais in vivo, porem novos ensaios devem ser realizados visando ainda mais minimizar a massa de material magnético empregada como traçador, devido a maior distância entre o sensor e a FFS localizada dentro do estômago dos voluntários, foi necessário aumentar a quantidade de traçador magnético. Apesar da boa performance do sensor OPM, novos arranjos e configurações devem ser avaliadas para futuros estudos de empregabilidade.The oral route is of great interest to the pharmaceutical industry, primarily because it is the most widely used method for drug administration, offering better patient adherence and being a safe form of delivery. Solid oral dosage forms (SDF) are the most commonly used, and ensuring proper drug release is of utmost importance. In this context, there is a need to evaluate the parameters of SDFs throughout the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). For such studies, the implementation of biomagnetic techniques has gained prominence over the years. Among the techniques used, it is worth highlighting Alternating Current Biosusceptometry (ACB) — a versatile and non-invasive method. However, its application requires a high concentration of magnetic tracer in the formulations (around 50% of the SDF mass), which can influence pharmaceutical parameters. On the other hand, optically pumped magnetometers (OPM) have been proposed for a wide range of applications due to their high sensitivity. This study aims to develop a new tool to determine, both in vitro and in vivo using OPM, the tablet disintegration time (TDT) and coating dissolution time (CDT), using the lowest possible amount of magnetic tracers in the SDF formulations. In vitro tests simulating the stomach dissolution medium and in vivo experiments were conducted to determine the CDT and TDT of the developed SDF. The in vitro results obtained CDT and TDT for formulations 1 (F1), 2 (F2), and 3 (F3), where F1 used 50 mg of magnetic tracer — this being the new SDF developed, employing ten times less magnetic tracer compared to pharmaceutical studies using ACB —, F2 used 500 mg, and F3 used 800 mg. The results showed CDT (142.94 s, 167.21 s, 201.50 s) and TDT (67.21 s, 68.30 s, 84.50 s) for formulations 1, 2, and 3, respectively, demonstrating a directly proportional influence between the amount of magnetic tracer used and the time-dependent processes analyzed. These parameters were also successfully obtained in the in vivo experiments. Thus, the OPM proved capable of quantifying the CDT and TDT of SDFs while significantly reducing the amount of magnetic tracer used in vitro, providing more reliable results and a formulation much closer to commercial products. The OPM showed excellent preliminary in vivo results; however, further experiments are needed to further minimize the amount of magnetic tracer employed, since the greater distance between the sensor and the SDF located inside the volunteers' stomachs required an increased amount of tracer. Despite the good performance of the OPM sensor, new setups and configurations should be considered for future employability studies.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)CAPES: 88887.901505/2023-0
Retraction notice to “Exposure of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) to SARS-CoV-2 at predicted environmentally relevant concentrations: Outspreading warns about ecotoxicological risks to freshwater fish” [Sci. Total Environ. 880 (2023) 163269] (Science of the Total Environment (2023) 880, (S0048969723018880), (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163269))
No full textThis article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Post-publication, an investigation conducted on behalf of the journal by Elsevier's Research Integrity & Publishing Ethics team determined that 2 of the reviews for this manuscript were fictitious. 2 review were submitted under the name of a known scientist without their knowledge. The name and fictitious contact details of the reviewers were submitted by the Corresponding Author Guilherme Malafaia during the manuscript submission process. Although the paper was reviewed by additional reviewers chosen by the Editor, this breach compromised the editorial process. The Editors-in-Chief have lost confidence in the validity/integrity of the article and its findings and have determined that it should be retracted.Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment Goiano Federal Institute, GOPost-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources Goiano Federal Institute, GOPost-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity Federal University of Goiás, GOPost-Graduation Program in Ecology Conservation and Biodiversity Federal University of Uberlândia, MGLaboratory of Clinical and Molecular Virology Institute of Biomedical Sciences University of São PauloChemistry Institute São Paulo State University (UNESP) – Campus AraraquaraBegum Rokeya University Department of Disaster ManagementLaboratory of Environmental Health and Ecotoxicology Department of Environmental Sciences Jahangirnagar UniversityBrazilian Academy of Young Scientists (ABJC)Chemistry Institute São Paulo State University (UNESP) – Campus Araraquar