18397 research outputs found
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The Role of Cation–pi Interaction and Electric Response to Slip Length at Graphene–Electrolyte Interface: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations
No full textThe thesis explores the effect of electrostatic interaction on the slip behaviour of aqueous electrolytes confined within graphene nanochannels using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics methods. For uncharged graphene nanochannels, the electrostatic interaction occurs between ions and delocalized π electrons of graphene, which is modelled through an optimized potential. The study revealed that adopting the optimized potential significantly influences the slip length calculations. Furthermore, the study identified the limitations of some widely used slip models in accurately predicting the interfacial slip in asymmetrically charged nanopores. Moreover, the study shows that the slip length remains largely unaffected by an externally applied electric field.</p
Social Connection Toolkit for Residential Aged Care: Development and Evaluation
No full textNo description supplied</p
ShapFuzz: Efficient Fuzzing via Shapley-Guided Byte Selection
No full textMutation-based fuzzing is a popular and effective method for bug exposure and discovery of unseen code in programs. However, only a few studies have focused on quantifying the importance of input bytes. The importance of each input byte is determined by its contribution degree in discovering new code. Previous work often focused on obtaining the relationship between input bytes and path constraints, ignoring the fact that not all constraint-related bytes can discover new code. In this paper, we conduct Shapley analysis to understand the effect of byte positions on fuzzing performance, and find that some byte positions contribute more than others and this property often holds across different seeds. Based on this observation, we propose a novel solution, called SHAPFUZZ, to guide byte selection and mutation in fuzzing processes. Specifically, SHAPFUZZ updates Shapley values (importance) of bytes when each input is tested during fuzzing with a low overhead. It utilizes contextual multiarmed bandit algorithm to make a trade off between mutating high Shapley value bytes and low-frequently chosen bytes. We implement a prototype of this solution based on AFL++, i.e., SHAPFUZZ, and evaluate it against ten state-of-the-art fuzzers, including five byte-scheduling fuzzers and five commonly used fuzzers. Compared to byte-scheduling fuzzers, SHAPFUZZ discovers more edges. It also exposes more bugs than the best baseline on three different sets of initial seeds. SHAPFUZZ exposes 20 more bugs than the best commonly used fuzzers, and discovers 6 more CVEs than the baseline on MAGMA. Furthermore, SHAPFUZZ discovers 11 new bugs on the latest versions of 6 widely used programs, and 3 bugs of them are confirmed by vendors.</p
Automated Evaluation Algorithms for Online Defect Detection in Carbon Fibre Tape Laying Processes: A Review
No full textThe aerospace industry utilises highly automated tape-laying methods for composite part production, reducing time and costs. Despite the automation, manual quality inspection of carbon fibre tape layups, which is still standard in the industry, consumes 50% of production time. This paper presents an overview of automated inspection systems, focusing on image evaluation software based on expert systems and machine learning methodologies. Expert systems offer explainability, reproducibility, and speed but are limited by specific use cases and potential biases. Machine learning algorithms can map complex image relationships but face challenges in explainability and data requirements. A quantitative comparison of these systems is challenging due to differing use cases and datasets. To address this, we propose a benchmark dataset based on a geometric model incorporating features relevant to various laying processes. This model and dataset should be openly available for future research. We advocate for this standard to enable fair benchmarking and informed decision-making in selecting suitable approaches for manufacturing applications.</p
Designing for the Canine User: A User-Centred Design Framework for the Integration of Technology into the Assistance Canine Training Industry
No full textThis thesis investigates the introduction of technology into the assistance canine training industry. It presents a User-Centred Design framework that adapts Human-Computer Interaction and Animal-Computer Interaction methods for designing, developing, and testing technologies in the assistance canine training industry. The methodological approach prioritises user engagement and canine welfare at every stage, defining an End-to-End testing process for guiding technology integration. These contributions establish a foundation for future Animal-Computer Interaction research, with a focus on representing and addressing the needs of the canine user.</p
Factors Influencing Decision-Making and Organisational Performance within Abu Dhabi Police in the United Arab Emirates
No full textThe rationale of this study is to first determine the key factors that may positively influence how decisions are made in the police and to further determine the influence of such key factors on organisational performance in the police. "Key Factors" in this study refers to the critical components that directly influence decision-making and organisational performance within the Police. These components include elements like cognition, self-regulation, situation awareness, adherence to organisational goals and hierarchy. The findings of this study highlight the significant role of decision-making in influencing organisational performance within the police force. Through quantitative and qualitative analyses.The study’s contributions to practice in the police sector are directly aligned with actionable recommendations for implementation. </p
Review of the Grameen Today Pilot Program for Grameen Australia
No full textCommissioned by Grameen Australia and conducted by CSI Swinburne, this research reviews the Grameen Today Pilot Program, a microfinance initiative which provides small business loans, financial training and support to low-income entrepreneurial women who wish to generate income through enterprising activity. This pilot program is the first of its kind in Australia, focused solely on low-income woman, and based on the Grameen Bank model. Developed in the late 1970s by economist, Professor Mohammad Yunus, with its origins in Bangladesh, The Grameen Bank model relies on a peer-group lending approach, high rates of loan recovery, and weekly member meetings to facilitate small group cohesion, offer support to members and encourage active outreach of new members through the group’s existing social networks. The research aims to understand: 1. The financial, emotional, and social impacts of the Grameen Today Program on the entrepreneurial women who sought and obtained small loans to support their microenterprise.2. The lessons emerging from Grameen Australia’s Pilot Program, particularly as regards to the challenges associated with adapting the Grameen Bank Model in a Global North economy.</p
Co-Designing a Digital Storytelling Application to Improve Social Connections and Participation for People with Mild Cognitive Impairment
No full textSocial participation is crucial for the well-being of people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), an intermediate stage between normal aging and dementia. This study employed mixed-methods research to develop Huiyou, a digital storytelling application co-designed with people with MCI, caregivers, and therapists in China. Tested with 20 participants over one-month, Huiyou significantly improved outdoor activities, interpersonal relationships, and storytelling engagement. These findings underscore Huiyou’s potential to enhance social participation and overall well-being for people with MCI, offering insights for designing accessible, user-friendly digital interventions to support meaningful social interactions and improve the quality of life for this population.</p
Implementation of Digital Twinning in the Malaysian Construction Industry
No full textThis study investigates the relationship between the implementation of digital twinning and construction project management performance, using Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT) as a framework. It finds that the implementation of digital twinning significantly enhances project management performance in the construction sector. While the study acknowledges various challenges associated with the implementation of digital twinning, these challenges do not notably affect the positive relationship established. Besides, it provides comprehensive guidance to the construction industry, delineating both positive and negative aspects of digital twinning implementation, including benefits and potential challenges. Additionally, the study addresses existing research gaps, fostering a more accurate understanding of stakeholders and increasing awareness within the construction industry, particularly in developing countries.</p
Financial inclusiveness and the stock market information environment
No full textThis study investigates the impact of country-level financial inclusiveness (financial inclusion and financial development) on the stock market information environment, which encompasses price informativeness, future investment, market liquidity, and analyst coverage. The connection between financial inclusiveness and price informativeness highlights the unexploited interplay between financial institutions and financial markets. Using a sample of over 300,000 observations from 45 countries, this study shows that greater financial inclusiveness increases stock price informativeness globally. Financial inclusiveness also increases firms' future investment and market liquidity, but decreases analyst coverage, suggesting that analysts play an information provider role rather than an information intermediary role.</p