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Bioaccumulation of Nickel Ions by Rhizopus delemar
No full textThe current research investigated the bioaccumulation of Ni(II) ions by Rhizopus delemar in molasses-containing fluids in a batch reactor. Due to the low pH requirements that R. delemar requires, it may grow in wastewater, which has an acidic pH. In the absence of Ni(II) ions, the influence of pH and molasses concentration on the growth rate and concentration of R. delemar were examined. The highest level of microbial growth occurred at a pH of 4.0. Up to 20 g/L of sucrose content increased the maximum R. delemar concentration and the specific growth rate. While the substrate content in each growing medium including molasses was kept constant at 10 g/L, initial concentrations of metal ions were changed between 50 and 250 mg/L to evaluate the bioaccumulation of Ni(II) ions. It was discovered that when metal ions existed, the rate of microorganism growth slowed down as the metal ion concentration increased. The maximum growth rates were discovered to be 0.257 h-1 in the presence of 50 mg/L Ni(II). When media containing 50 mg/L Ni(II) ions, the efficiency of Ni(II) bioaccumulation was found to be 51.8%.[No abstract available
Could site-specific glycation of Von Willebrand factor serve as a biomarker for macrovascular disease in diabetes?
No full textCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality among diabetic patients. Glycation is a non- enzymatic, post translational process where sugars bind to proteins, and it is accelerated in diabetes. Glycation may alter protein structure and function. Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) is a key player in coagulation, and its glycation could potentially exacerbate the pro-thrombotic state associated with diabetes. We hypothesize that glycation of VWF contributes to the progression of macrovascular complications by altering its interactions with key hemostatic partners, such as Factor VIII, platelets (via GPIb alpha binding), and ADAMTS-13 thereby promoting hypercoagulability and endothelial dysfunction. This hypothesis highlights a functional link between chronic hyperglycemia and macrovascular complications in diabetes. To test this hypothesis, mapping glycation of sites of VWF using mass spectrometry and validating its role as a biomarker using patient-derived samples and high- throughput assays is proposed. If confirmed, this mechanism could provide a novel biomarker for the early detection of high-risk patients and open up new therapeutic targets to manage cardiovascular complications aimed at mitigating cardiovascular disease and improving patient outcomes
Reliability and criterion validity of the Turkish version of the Recent Physical Activity Questionnaire
No full textBackground: This study aims to determine reliability and criterion validity of the Turkish version of the Recent Physical Activity Questionnaire (RPAQ). Materials and methods: The study included 146 individuals aged 18-45 years. Translation and cultural adaptation of the questionnaire was performed with regard to an appropriate procedure. Test-retest reliability was analyzed in terms of intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). For assessment of validity of the questionnaire, the criterion validity method was used. Criterion validity was evaluated using a pedometer, which is an objective measurement tool. The correlation between the total number of steps recorded during a week and RPAQ scores was examined. The validity was evaluated using Spearman correlation analysis. Results: The ICC value was 0.96 for total PAEE (physical activity energy expenditure) and between 0.77 and 0.97 for home, work, recreation, and transportation PAEE. The duration of intensity levels varied between 0.80 and 0.97. Test-retest reliability of RPAQ was high. A moderate correlation (r = 0.472) was found between the total value of RPAQ and the number of steps, and a weak- to-moderate correlation (r = 0.210-0.442) was found for other dimensions. No correlation was found with home activities. Conclusion: The Turkish version of RPAQ is valid and reliable. RPAQ can be used to assess the physical activity level of the Turkish population
Examining the satisfaction levels of agricultural loan customers with banking services: The case of Sivas province
No full textTarımsal finansman, tarımda verimliliği artırmayı hedefleyen tüm tarımsal kalkınma operasyonları için kritik bir bileşendir. Çiftçiler arazi genişletme, tarımsal mekanizasyon, sulama vb. ihtiyaçlar için yeterli miktarda ve zamanında finansmana erişebilmelidir. Tarımsal finansmanda, finansal açıdan etkin aracılık yapabilecek, çiftçilere uygun koşullarda krediye erişim imkânı sağlayacak ve işlem maliyetlerini azaltacak uygulamaların geliştirilmesi, Türk tarım sektöründe sürdürülebilirlik açısından önemli görülmektedir. Ülkemizde, bankacılık sektörü ve bazı kuruluşların sunduğu tarımsal krediler ile gerekli finansman sağlanabilmektedir. Tarımsal kredilerin sağlanmasında müşterilerin memnuniyet düzeylerinin belirlenmesi hem sektör paydaşları hem de finansman ihtiyacı olan kişiler için önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu çalışma ile çiftçilerin, Türkiye'de bankalar tarafından sunulan tarımsal kredi ile ilgili mevcut yapı ve hizmetlerden duydukları memnuniyet düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca tüketicilerin tarımsal kredi hizmetlerine ilişkin düşüncelerinin çeşitli bağımsız değişkenler açısından farklılık gösterip göstermediğinin belirlenmesi araştırmanın ikinci amacını oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın evrenini Sivas ilinde çiftçilik yapan 18 yaş ve üzeri kişiler oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın örnekleminde ise 390 kişi yer almaktadır. Araştırmada anket tekniği kullanılmıştır. Tasarlanan anketler kolayda örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak yüz yüze uygulanmıştır. Ankette, katılımcıların demografik özelliklerini yansıtan sorular ile birlikte ilgili literatür taranarak araştırmacı tarafından oluşturulan "Tarımsal Kredi Müşterilerinin Bankacılık Hizmetlerinden Memnuniyet Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi Ölçeği" bulunmaktadır. Çalışmada Betimsel Araştırma Yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizi aşamasında Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Bonferroni Düzeltmeli Mann Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis H Testleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın açıklayıcı faktör analizi adımında beş faktör (bankacılık hizmeti, kişiye özel hizmet, banka çalışan davranışı, kredi hizmeti, güven) ve 28 maddeden oluşan bir ölçme yapısı elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda; katılımcıların bankacılık hizmeti, kişiye özel hizmet, banka çalışan davranışı ve güven faktörlerine ilişkin olarak genel anlamda memnun oldukları fakat kredi hizmeti faktörüne yönelik genel anlamda memnun olmadıkları belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada, cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim durumu, tarımsal tecrübe süresi ve tarımsal kredi kullanım sayısı değişkenlerine göre tarımsal kredi müşterilerinin bankacılık hizmetlerine ilişkin memnuniyet düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı farklılıkların olduğu, medeni durum ve faaliyet alanı değişkenlerine göre ise istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı farklılıkların olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.Agricultural finance is a critical component for all agricultural development operations aiming to increase productivity in agriculture. Farmers should have access to adequate and timely financing for land expansion, agricultural mechanisation, irrigation, etc. In agricultural finance, the development of practices that can act as effective financial intermediaries, provide farmers with access to credit under favourable conditions and reduce transaction costs is considered important for the sustainability of the Turkish agricultural sector. In our country, the necessary financing can be provided through agricultural loans offered by the banking sector and some organisations. Determining the satisfaction levels of customers in the provision of agricultural loans has an important place for both sector stakeholders and people in need of financing. This study aims to determine the satisfaction levels of farmers with the current structure and services related to agricultural credit offered by banks in Turkey. In addition, determining whether consumers' opinions on agricultural credit services differ in terms of various independent variables constitutes the second objective of the study. The population of the study consists of people aged 18 and over who are farmers in Sivas province. There are 390 people in the sample of the study. Questionnaire technique was used in the research. The designed questionnaires were applied face to face using convenience sampling method. In the questionnaire, there are questions reflecting the demographic characteristics of the participants and the 'Scale for Determining the Satisfaction Levels of Agricultural Credit Customers with Banking Services' created by the researcher by reviewing the relevant literature. Descriptive research method was used in the study. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis H Tests with Bonferroni Correction were used to analyse the research data. In the explanatory factor analysis step of the study, a measurement structure consisting of five factors (banking service, personalised service, bank employee behaviour, credit service, trust) and 28 items was obtained. As a result of the research, it was determined that the participants were generally satisfied with the banking service, personalised service, bank employee behaviour and trust factors, but they were generally dissatisfied with the credit service factor. In the research, it was concluded that there are statistically significant differences between the satisfaction levels of agricultural loan customers regarding banking services according to the variables of gender, age, education level, duration of agricultural experience and number of agricultural loan utilisation, while there are no statistically significant differences according to the variables of marital status and field of activity
HASAN SAÎDÜ’L-MEVLEVÎ’NİN BAZI EDEBÎ VE TASAVVUFİ YAZILARI
No full textAs is well known, Classical Turkish Literature, which continued for centuries in the vast geography where Turkish was spoken, lost its vitality in the second half of the 19th century. It was replaced by a new literary movement, largely influenced by Western culture and literature. During this period, literary figures such as Ziyâ Pasha, Nâmık Kemâl, and Recâizâde M. Ekrem criticized old poetry and prose, describing them with phrases like "tarz-ı salef" and "üslûb-ı kudemâ". In the last quarter of the same century and the early 20th century, writers such as Muallim Nâcî, Fâik Reşad, and Bursalı Mehmed Tâhir published articles, pamphlets, and books aimed at introducing the works of old Turkish scholars, Sufis, poets, and writers to new generations. Hasan Saîd Çelebi was one of the writers who published articles on literary and mystical subjects in newspapers and magazines following the Second Constitutional Era. This study aims to provide more information about the life of Hasan Saîd al-Mawlawī (1891-1935), whose writings on some divan poets were translated into Latin letters and published as a book in 2021, and to examine and publish some of his other articles that were not included in the aforementioned work. Saîd Çelebi, who was part of the literary society known as the "Nâyîler," also sought to introduce Sufi poets and writers such as Şemseddîn-i Sivâsî, Aziz Mahmud Hüdâyî, and Niyâzî-i Mısrî. In this way, he hoped to help those involved in literature benefit from the national, literary, and spiritual heritage that had been cultivated over the centuries.Bilindiği gibi Türkçenin kullanıldığı geniş coğrafyada asırlar boyu devam edegelen Klasik Türk Edebiyatı, 19. asrın ikinci yarısında canlılığını kaybetmiş; onun yerini daha ziyade Batı kültür ve edebiyatına dayalı olduğu söylenebilecek yeni edebiyat almıştır. Belirtilen zaman diliminde Ziyâ Paşa, Nâmık Kemâl, Recâîzâde M. Ekrem gibi edebî şahsiyetler, “tarz-ı selef” veya “üslûb-ı kudemâ” gibi tamlamalarla tarif ettikleri eski şiir ve nesre birtakım tenkitler yöneltmişlerdir. Aynı asrın son çeyreği ve 20. yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinde Muallim Nâcî, Fâik Reşad, Bursalı Mehmed Tâhir misali kalem erbabı kişiler, eski Türk âlim, mutasavvıf, şair ve yazarlarını yeni nesillere tanıtmak gayesiyle yazı, kitapçık ve kitaplar yayımlamışlardır. II. Meşrutiyet’ten sonra gazete ve dergilerde edebî ve tasavvufi konulara dair yazılar neşreden yazarlardan biri de Hasan Saîd Çelebi’dir. Bu çalışmada, bazı divan şairleri hakkındaki yazıları Latin harflerine çevrilerek 2021’de kitap hâlinde yayımlanan Hasan Saîdü’l-Mevlevî’nin (1891-1935) hayatı hakkında daha çok bilgi verilmesi ve söz konusu eserde bahsedilmeyen diğer bazı makalelerinin incelenip neşredilmesi hedeflenmiştir. “Nâyîler” adlı edebî cemiyet içinde anılan Saîd Çelebi, Şemseddîn-i Sivâsî, Aziz Mahmud Hüdâyî, Niyâzî-i Mısrî gibi mutasavvıf şair ve yazarları da tanıtmaya gayret etmiş; böylece edebiyatla uğraşanların asırlar boyu devam eden millî, edebî ve irfani mirastan faydalanmalarını istemiştir
Tracking puppy development: automated analysis and qualitative behavioral assessment in repeated open field tests
No full textEarly puppy development is a crucial period that significantly influences a dog's lifelong health, behavior and personality. In this study, the behavioral development of Kangal puppies was investigated through repeated open-field testing, focusing on exploratory behavior, mobility, and responses to novel stimuli. Thirty-three Kangal puppies (20 males and 13 females) from various breeding centers in Sivas Province, T & uuml;rkiye, were evaluated. The puppies were tested in a controlled open-field environment at 5, 6, and 8 weeks of age. Tests included a novel environment test at 5 weeks and novel object tests at 6 and 8 weeks. Mobility rate, exploration rate, and total distance parameters were measured using automated tracking software (ToxTrac). Qualitative behavioral assessments (QBAs) were performed to evaluate three distinct behavioral and emotional aspects: curiosity, comfort, and fearfulness. The results of these assessments revealed significant increases in curiosity and comfort scores over the testing weeks, with a concomitant decrease in fearfulness. Additionally, tracking data showed increased mobility and decreased exploration rates throughout the testing weeks. Significant correlations were found between curiosity and exploratory behavior, as well as between mobility and comfort scores. Overall, our findings suggest that Kangal puppies exhibit expected behavioral developments in repeated open field testing, with patterns consistent across multiple analyses. These results provide valuable insights into the behavioral development of Kangal puppies and underscore the importance of considering curiosity and other internal motivations in understanding animal behavior.Scientific Research Project of Sivas Cumhuriyet University (BAP); [V-2021-117]This study was supported by the Scientific Research Project of Sivas Cumhuriyet University (BAP) (Project number V-2021-117). We would like to thank all the dog breeders who agreed to participate in the study together with their dogs
A hybrid framework for assessing Pakistani commercial bank performance using multi-criteria decision-making
No full textOverall bank performance in a particular year or period is important to all banking industry stakeholders, as it indicates their success or failure relative to predetermined targets. Due to conflicting criteria and uncertainties, assessing bank performance is a complicated decision-making problem. The current paper proposes the Fuzzy Level Based Weight Assessment (F-LBWA), the Fuzzy Logarithm Methodology of Additive Weights (F-LMAW), and the Measurement Alternatives and Ranking according to the Compromise Solution (MARCOS) combination as a practical and robust decision-making tool to cope with many complex ambiguities. In the first phase, the suggested hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach estimates the weight coefficients of the performance criteria with the aid of a combined version of the F-LBWA and F-LMAW methods. In the second phase, the MARCOS method determines the ranking performance of the decision alternatives. The introduced model is tested and validated on a case study assessing publicly traded bank performance in Pakistan. The findings obtained from the sensitivity analysis revealed that the presented F-LBWA-F-LMAW-MARCOS approach produces consistent solutions and is a reliable and effective procedure in rational decision-making
An improved approach to the synthesis of tetrahydroindeno[1,2-d] imidazoles: DFT (FT-IR, NMR, NBO, FMO), ADMET, and drug-likeness studies
No full textA new entry into the synthesis of tetrahydroindeno[1,2-d]imidazole compounds 4a-c is based on the reactions isothiocyanate benzene 1 and substituted aniline 2 via condensation with 1H-indene-1,2,3-trione in a one-pot three-component. A wide variety of relevant tetrahydroindeno[1,2-d]imidazole derivatives were obtained with high yields ranging from 97 to 98 % with excellent yields. The synthesized compounds were determined using FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis methods. Moreover, the DFT calculations performed on 4a-c provide additional validations to the experimentally obtained data of the compounds, as well as useful insights on topics such as reactivity trends and physicochemical properties. In this context, in the initial stage, the conformational study was performed and minimum energy structures were determined for 4a-c. The subsequent stage included a comparative analysis of the electronic properties, reactivity tendencies, possible donor–acceptor interactions, and electrostatic surface properties of the mentioned compounds in gas, CHCl3, and DMSO environments. All FT-IR and NMR computations were performed at B3LYP/6–311++G** level for confirmation purposes. The ADMET “Adsorption-Distribution-Metabolism-Excretion-Toxicity”, drug-likeness, and physicochemical characteristics of compounds were evaluated to explore possible suitability for early-stage-drug-design research. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi, TNKUTürkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TÜBİTAK, (112 T503
Unveiling cognitive disengagement syndrome: A hidden challenge in children with epilepsy
No full textBackground: In our study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children with epilepsy and to identify the associated factors. Method: The study included 62 patients with epilepsy aged 6-18 and 51 healthy controls. Sociodemographic data, epilepsy characteristics, and medication usage were collected. Psychiatric evaluations used various structured interviews and scales. Results: The mean ages for patients and controls were 9.7 and 9.9 years, respectively. CDS was present in 76 % of patients with epilepsy compared to 26 % of controls (p < 0.01). Patients with epilepsy scored higher on Barkley Child Attention Scale (BCAS) and Turgay DSM-IV Disruptive Behavior Disorders Symptom Screening Scale (T-DSM-IV-S). CDS prevalence was higher in patients without seizure control and those over age 12. Linear regressions demonstrated that age predicted BCAS-sluggish scores (R-2: 0.284, p < 0.001) and T-DSM-IV-S hyperactivity scores (R-2: 0.065, p: 0.023). The number of antiseizure medications (R-2: 0.065, p: 0.023) and the duration of antiseizure medication usage (R-2: 0.079, p: 0.014) predicted T-DSM-IV-S oppositional scores. Conclusion: Our study is the first study in this field. Our study findings highlight the need for further research to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying CDS in epilepsy and to develop targeted interventions
Exploring the anti-inflammatory activity of boron compounds through the miR-21/PTEN/AKT pathway in cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis
No full textThe present study investigated the impact of boric acid (BA) and borax (BX) on markers of inflammation and modifications in miR-21/PTEN/AKT pathway genes in the liver and kidney tissues of Sprague Dawley male rats with sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). A total of 60 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, each containing 10 animals as follows: Control, CLP (where the model was created), 20 mg/kg BX (CLP + BX1), 40 mg/kg BX (CLP + BX2), 20 mg/kg BA (CLP + BA1) and 40 mg/kg BA (CLP + BA2). Liver and kidney tissues were analyzed for histopathological changes, immunopositivity for tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10, and gene expression of microRNA-21 (miR-21), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and AKT. Gene expression analysis in the liver tissues revealed a significant decrease in miR-21, and a marked but not significant decrease in PTEN levels in the CLP group, while AKT expression was significantly increased in the CLP group, and was significantly decreased in CLP + BA1 group compared with in the CLP group. In the kidney tissues, miR-21 levels were significantly decreased in the CLP group, but the CLP + BA2 group showed a significant increase compared with in the CLP group. These results suggest the potential therapeutic benefits of low-dose BA and BX in ameliorating sepsis-induced tissue damage, emphasizing the need for further exploration of their mechanisms of action