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Yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin oksijen tedavisine yönelik kanıt temelli öneriler hakkındaki bilgilerinin incelenmesi
No full textAraştırma, yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin oksijen tedavisi uygulamalarında, kanıt temelli öneriler hakkındaki bilgilerinin incelenmesi amacıyla tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tasarımda gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmanın evrenini, Şubat - Haziran 2025 tarihleri arasında İstanbul ilinde bulunan dört eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinde çalışan 400 hemşire, örneklemi ise 196 hemşire oluşturdu. Veriler; araştırmacı tarafından literatür doğrultusunda oluşturulan bilgi formu kullanılarak, etik kurul onayı ve kurum izinleri sonrasında toplandı. Verilerin analizinde sıklı dağılımları, normallik analizi, t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi ki-kare testi ile pearson kullanıldı. Araştırmadaki yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin %62'si kadın, %76'sı lisans mezunu, birimde çalışma yılı ortalaması 4 ± 3 olarak belirlendi. Hemşirelerin %89'u oksijen tedavisi eğitimi aldığını ve %67'si kanıt temelli uygulama hakkında bilgi sahibi olduğunu ifade etti. Hemşirelerin oksijen uygulamasına ilişkin bilgi puan ortalaması 11,13±3,72 bulundu. Erkek ve nörolojik yoğun bakımda çalışan hemşirelerin oksijen tedavisine ilişkin bilgi puanları kadın ve diğer yoğun bakım birimlerinde çalışanlara göre anlamlı derecede düşük bulundu (p < .05). Lisansüstü eğitim düzeyine sahip hemşirelerin ve son üç yılda oksijen tedavisine ilişkin literatür okuyanların diğerlerine göre anlamlı biçimde daha fazla kanıta dayalı uygulama bilgisine sahip oldukları belirlendi (p < .05). Araştırma ile hemşirelerin oksijen tedavisine ilişkin bilgi düzeylerinin orta düzeyde olduğu, belirli değişkenlerin bu düzeyde farklılık yarattığı ve kanıt temelli uygulamalara ilişkin bilgi sahibi olunmasına karşın bu bilgilerin klinik uygulamalara tam olarak yansıtılmadığı sonucuna varıldı.The study was conducted using a descriptive and cross-sectional design to examine the knowledge of intensive care nurses regarding evidence-based recommendations for oxygen therapy practices. The study population consisted of 400 nurses working in four training and research hospitals in Istanbul between February and June 2025, and the sample comprised 196 nurses. Data were collected using an information form developed by the researcher based on the relevant literature, following ethics committee approval and institutional permissions. Data analysis included frequency distributions, normality tests, t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, chi-square tests, and Pearson correlation analysis. Among the intensive care nurses who participated in the study, 62% were female, 76% held a bachelor's degree, and the mean number of years working in the unit was 4 ± 3. Eighty-nine percent of the nurses reported having received training on oxygen therapy, and 67% stated that they had knowledge of evidence-based practices. The mean score for nurses' knowledge of oxygen administration was found to be 11.13 ± 3.72. Male nurses and those working in neurological intensive care units had significantly lower oxygen therapy knowledge scores compared to female nurses and those working in other intensive care units (p < .05). Nurses with postgraduate education and those who had reviewed literature on oxygen therapy within the past three years demonstrated significantly higher levels of knowledge regarding evidence-based practice than others (p < .05). The study concluded that nurses' knowledge levels regarding oxygen therapy were moderate, that certain variables contributed to differences in this level, and that although nurses possessed knowledge of evidence-based practices, this knowledge was not fully reflected in clinical practice
Effect of task-oriented training added to the rehabilitation program of individuals with chronic stroke on upper extremity muscle thickness and upper extremity motor functions: A randomized controlled study
No full textGörev odaklı egzersiz eğitimi, inme sonrası üst ekstremite motor fonksiyonlarını ve fonksiyonel kullanımını artırmayı amaçlayan etkili bir rehabilitasyon yaklaşımıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, görev odaklı egzersizin kronik inmeli bireylerde üst ekstremite kas kalınlığı ve motor fonksiyon üzerindeki etkileri incelemektir. Brunnstrom üst ekstremite evresi 4–5 olan ve inmeden en az altı ay geçmiş 38 birey çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Motor fonksiyonlar Fugl-Meyer Üst Ekstremite Değerlendirmesi (FM), Wolf Motor Fonksiyon Testi ve Motor Aktivite Günlüğü-28; el kavrama gücü el dinamometresi; kas kalınlığı (biseps, triseps, deltoid) ultrason; fonksiyonel durum ise Fonksiyonel Bağımsızlık Ölçümü (FIM) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Katılımcılar görev odaklı egzersiz (GOE) grubu ve çok bileşenli rehabilitasyon programı (ÇBRP) grubu olarak ikiye ayrılmıştır. GOE grubu 15 dakika görev odaklı egzersiz ve 45 dakika çok bileşenli rehabilitasyon programı; ÇBRP grubu ise 60 dakika çok bileşenli rehabilitasyon programı almıştır. Her iki grup haftada üç gün olmak üzere altı hafta boyunca tedavi görmüştür. Her iki grupta da tedavi sonrası motor fonksiyon, el kavrama gücü, kas kalınlığı ve fonksiyonel bağımsızlıkta anlamlı gelişmeler saptanmıştır (p<0,01). FM skorlarındaki artış GOE grubunda anlamlı düzeyde daha fazla bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Ancak, kas kalınlığı ve fonksiyonel bağımsızlık açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark gözlenmemiştir. Sonuçlar, görev odaklı egzersizlerin kronik inmeli bireylerde motor fonksiyonları geliştirmede etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Ancak, yapısal değişiklikler ve genel fonksiyonellik için daha uzun süreli müdahalelere ihtiyaç duyulabileceği düşünülmektedir.Task-oriented exercise training is an effective rehabilitation approach aimed at improving upper extremity motor function and functional use following stroke. This study investigates the effects of task-oriented exercise on upper extremity muscle thickness and motor function in individuals with chronic stroke. A total of 38 participants, who were at least six months post-stroke and in Brunnstrom upper extremity stages 4–5, were included and randomly assigned to two groups: the task-oriented exercise (TOE) group and the multi-component rehabilitation program (MRP) group. The TOE group received 15 minutes of task-oriented training and 45 minutes of rehabilitation per session, while the MRP group received 60 minutes of rehabilitation. Both groups participated in the intervention three times per week for six weeks. Motor function was assessed using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremity (FMA-UE), the Wolf Motor Function Test, and the Motor Activity Log-28. Grip strength was measured with a dynamometer; muscle thickness (biceps, triceps, deltoid) was evaluated via ultrasound; and functional status was assessed using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Both groups showed significant within-group improvements in motor function, grip strength, muscle thickness, and functional independence following the intervention (p<0.01). However, the increase in FMA-UE scores was significantly greater in the TOE group (p<0.05). No significant between-group differences were observed in muscle thickness or functional independence. In conclusion, task-oriented exercise appears to be effective in enhancing upper extremity motor function in individuals with chronic stroke. However, longer intervention durations may be required to achieve improvements in structural parameters and overall functional independence
Computational analysis for efficient thermal transportation of ternary hybrid nanofluid flow across a stretching sheet with Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model
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Hybrid nanomaterials greatly improve thermal systems by increasing thermal conductivity,
storing energy more efficiently, and customizing thermo-mechanical features. Binary/ternary
hybrid nanofluids are important in industries such as biomedicine, transportation, and pharma
ceuticals because of their excellent thermophysical properties. This study aims to examine the
impacts of Cattaneo-Christov (CC) heat flux on the laminar flow of mixed convective (Al2O3 −
Ag − CuO/water) ternary hybrid nanofluid across a stretching sheet with heat generation. Current
investigation examines the nanoparticles Al2O3 − Ag − CuO that were dispersed in water. The
effect of magnetic field, thermal radiation, Thomson and Troian velocity slip and convective
condition is also scrutinized. The significance of different shapes (sphere, cylindrical and blade) of
nanoparticles in ternary hybrid nanofluid is also analyzed. The phenomenon were designed as
partial differential equations. These are condensed to system of ODEs via similarity trans
formations. The bvp4c solver in MATLAB is utilized to compute the numerical solution of current
problem. From the results it is concluded that velocity field is reduced with larger magnetic field.
Furthermore it is concluded that the temperature distribution in increases with enlarging the
thermal relaxation parameter. The temperature distribution is enhanced with thermal radiation
parameter. We anticipate significant implications for engineering, medicine, and biomedical
technology from this innovation. This model can be utilized to research biological systems,
clinical procedures, nanopharmacological medication delivery mechanisms, and the use of
nanotechnology in the treatment of disorders like cholesterol
Detection of exon2-MED12 mutations in uterine leiomyomas from Syrian patients
No full textAbstract
Uterine leiomyomas (uLMs) are the most prevalent benign tumors of the female reproductive system. MED12 is one of the mediator complex subunits that has been implicated in uLMs pathogenesis. Somatic mutations in exon2-MED12 have been found in ~ 70% of uLMs. In this study, we investigated the status of exon2-MED12 in uLMs from Syrian patients. Sixteen leiomyomas from nine patients were assessed. Genomic DNA was isolated from tumors and exon2-MED12 was amplified by PCR and sequenced. Three specimens showed in frame point mutations consisted of missense substitutions in codon 44 (c.130). A novel insertion in codon 35 (c.103insG) was detected in one of the mutated cases and is expected to cause a frameshift in translation and an altered or truncated product. Some of the wild-type uLMs were collected from the same uteri that revealed mutations, which emphasizes the individuality of the uLM lesions and highlights the complexity of uLMs pathogenesis. The study is the first report from Syria on the topic and the second from the Arab world. It indicates genetic heterogeneity and independent clonal origin of the somatic mutations in exon2-MED12. In wild-type uLMs where exon2-MED12 mutations are absent, other players are in place and should be investigated
More Than a Sense: The Sense of Smell and Its Reflection in Mother and Baby: A Comprehensive Review
No full textABSTRACT
Introduction: The sense of smell is one of the most developed and important senses that forms the bond between the newborn
and the mother and allows the newborn to reach the mother's breast. The sense of smell begins to form during intrauterine life,
and the sense of smell can be a marking tool for a newborn baby, so that the baby can recognize both his mother and his
immediate environment and develop his behaviour accordingly. This is necessary not only for feeding babies but also for them
to feel safe and peaceful in their new environment. In the early stages of life, olfactory stimulation (maternal odour, breast milk
odour, amniotic fluid odour, smell of people or different environments) plays an important role in adapting to the environment.
Smell stimulation, in particular, is critical for newborns' postnatal survival because it supports a wide range of early regulatory
functions and motor responses. This review also aims to examine the current evidence in the field of olfactory skills in mother
and infant in the development and care of the infant. Another aim is to summarize the research conducted to determine the
effect of the sense of smell on the life of the mother and baby.
Methods: The article was written as a comprehensive review using certain keywords.
Results: However, the results on this issue are different. First of all, it is suggested that in the first years of life, the sense of
smell can play an important role in social adaptation to the environment, recognition of the environment, mother–infant
bonding, and therefore in this case, it is recommended to make olfactory stimulating interventions.
Conclusion: However, more well‐designed experimental studies are needed in this regard. We look forward to future studies
that closely examine various aspects of how olfactory stimulation affects both mother and baby
Innovative findings on three endemic Crataegus spp. from Türkiye: flavonoid-enriched extracts with cardiovascular benefits demonstrated by reduction of oxidative and inflammatory markers on rat aorta tissue
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Türkiye is a significant genetic diversity center for Crataegus
species. The fruits, leaves, flowers, and sprouts of Crataegus
sp. are widely used in traditional medicine, mainly for cardiovascular diseases. Products containing Crataegus monogyna
Jacq. subsp. monogyna (“alıç”) are recognized as therapeutic
agents used alongside conventional treatments. Thus, investigating the chemical composition and biological activity of
other Crataegus species is essential to explore their medicinal
potential. This study provides the first report on total flavonoid content and detailed phytochemical profiling of leaf and
immature fruit extracts from three endemic species—Crataegus
peshmenii Dönmez, Crataegus petrodavisii Dönmez, and
Crataegus christensenii Dönmez—using High-Performance
Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). A comparative analysis with C.
monogyna subsp. monogyna was also included. Notably, C.
peshmenii leaf extract was the richest in compounds linked to
cardiovascular benefits, including vitexin and hyperoside. Its
anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties were further
evaluated using isolated rat thoracic aortas. The release of
inflammatory and oxidative markers was measured by
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). C. peshmenii
leaf extract significantly reduced the levels of oxidative and
inflammatory markers (MDA, MPO, TNF-α, and IL-1β) in isolated aortas, supporting its potential as a cardiovascular protective agent
Intranasal Terpene Treatment for Glioblastoma: the Neuro-Oncological Potential of Perillyl Alcohol
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Glioblastoma is the most aggressive and fatal primary brain tumor in adults, characterized by poor prognosis and limited
treatment efficacy due to the impermeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and its treatment-resistant nature. This
review aims to evaluate the potential of intranasal terpene treatment (ITT) as a novel and non-invasive strategy to bypass
the BBB and improve glioblastoma treatment outcomes. A review of recent preclinical and clinical studies on intranasally
administered compounds (especially terpenes such as Perillyl alcohol (POH)) is presented in terms of their molecular
mechanisms, bioavailability, and clinical effects in the central nervous system (CNS)
Harnessing Polyethylene Glycol 3350 for Enhanced Peripheral Nerve Repair: A Path to Accelerated Recovery
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MAR 28 2025
Indexed
2025-05-05
Document Type
Article
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Abstract
Background and Objectives: Peripheral nerve injuries often result in significant functional impairment, and complete recovery remains challenging despite surgical interventions. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has shown promise in nerve repair by facilitating axonal fusion and inhibiting Wallerian degeneration. This study investigates the biochemical, histopathological, and electrophysiological effects of PEG 3350 in a sciatic nerve injury model. Materials and Methods: Thirty adult male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: a control group, a surgery and saline group, and a surgery and PEG 3350 treatment group. Sciatic nerve transection was performed, and PEG 3350 was administered intraperitoneally for 12 weeks. Electromyography (EMG) and the inclined plane test assessed functional recovery. Sciatic nerve tissues were analyzed histologically and biochemically, including nerve growth factor (NGF), heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Results: PEG 3350 significantly improved electrophysiological parameters, reducing compound muscle action potential (CMAP) latency and increasing CMAP amplitude compared to the saline group (p < 0.05). Functional recovery, assessed by the inclined plane test, showed a significant improvement in the PEG-treated group (p < 0.01). Biochemical analysis revealed increased NGF and HSP-70 levels, suggesting enhanced neuroprotection and regeneration. Histopathological analysis demonstrated reduced fibrosis and increased axonal density in the PEG group compared to controls. PEG 3350 enhances nerve regeneration by improving electrophysiological function, promoting axonal repair, and increasing neurotrophic factor expression. Conclusions: These findings suggest PEG as a potential adjunct therapy for peripheral nerve injuries. Future research should explore the optimal administration protocols and combined therapeutic strategies for maximizing recovery
AI-driven predictions of mathematical problem-solving beliefs: fuzzy logic, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems, and artificial neural networks
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Featured Application: This study demonstrates the applicability of artificial intelligence methods, such as fuzzy logic, artificial neural network (ANFIS), and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANN), in predicting mathematical problem-solving beliefs (MPSBs). The proposed models can be utilized in educational settings to identify and support teachers or students with specific belief patterns, thereby enabling tailored interventions to enhance problem-solving skills. Additionally, the integration of AI techniques into educational research paves the way for innovative approaches to studying cognitive and behavioral traits. Considering that creative thinkers are individuals who can think outside of the box, exhibit original thoughts, and demonstrate problem-solving skills, it is likely that there is a relationship between mathematical problem-solving beliefs (MPSBs) and creative thinking dispositions (CTDs). This study aimed to predict teachers' MPSBs with their CTDs and some demographic features. Three different artificial intelligence models (fuzzy logic, artificial neural network (ANN), and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)) were developed, and artificial data were obtained. The inputs of the research were determined as CTD, gender, age, educational level, school level, and teaching experiences, and the output was determined as MPSBs. Afterward, whether there was a relationship between real and artificial results was examined with statistical analysis. The research results show that there is a statistically significant, positive, and moderate relationship between artificial ANN MPSB scores and real MPSB scores (r = 0.422; p < 0.05), as well as artificial ANFIS MPSB scores and real MPSB scores (r = 0.564; p < 0.05). These results are important sources of evidence indicating that artificial intelligence methods accurately predict teachers' MPSB scores
Age determination by measurement of pulp volume of canine teeth in patients with cleft lip and palate: a retrospective study
No full textAbstract
Objectives This study evaluates the potential of pulp volume/total tooth-volume measurements of canine teeth in relation
to chronologic age in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP). The signifcance of this study lies in its exploration of the
usability of these measurements for age determination in CLP patients, providing a novel perspective to the existing literature.
Methods Cone beam computed tomography images of 33 patients (16 females, 17 males) with unilateral CLP aged
14–45 years and 33 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (16 females, 17 males) were retrospectively evaluated. Using
ITK-SNAP software, pulp and whole tooth volumes of canine teeth on the non-defect side of CLP patients and the corresponding side of healthy individuals were measured. Their relationship with chronologic age was evaluated, and comparisons
were made between the CLP and control groups.
Results No statistically signifcant diference was observed between the whole tooth volume, pulp volume, and pulp volume/
total tooth-volume ratios of the control and CLP groups. A paired t test comparing chronologic age and calculated mean age
of both groups found no signifcant diference.
Conclusions The results show that the pulp and total tooth-volume ratios of canine teeth in the non-defect areas of individuals with unilateral CLP correlate with chronologic age and can be used reliably for age determination. This indicates that
individuals with CLP can be evaluated similarly to healthy individuals, allowing accurate age estimation based on dental
measurements