10137 research outputs found
Sort by
Physical activity and exercise interventions in adults with cerebral palsy: a systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies
Get PDFAM replace with VoR 27/08/2024.Kavi Jagadamma - ORCID: 0000-0003-2011-0744
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2011-0744Marietta van der Linden - ORCID: 0000-0003-2256-6673
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2256-6673Background and purpose
Participating in physical activity may benefit health-related outcomes for adults with cerebral palsy (CP). The aim of this review is to provide a synthesis of the evidence from both qualitative and quantitative studies on the impact of physical activity and exercise interventions in adults with CP.
Methods
Literature searches were conducted from inception to November 2023 in nine electronic databases. A meta-analysis was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of the interventions on walking speed related outcomes and muscle strength.
Results
Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. The interventions of the 9 studies included in the meta-analysis did not improve walking speed over a distance of 10 meters (SMD=-0.03, 95% CI:-0.34-0.40, p=0.88, I2=0%) or endurance (distance covered in 2 or 6 minutes) (SMD=0.25, 95% CI :-0.10-0.59, p=0.16, I2=0%), but there was an improvement in lower limb muscle strength in favour of the experimental groups (SMD =0.59, 95% CI:0.19-0.99, p=0.004. I2=20%). Only a few studies reported on psychosocial outcomes, quality of life or intervention sustainability.
Discussion and Conclusions
Further research is needed to explore the impact on psychosocial outcomes and quality of life in adults with CP and the sustainability of physical activity participation.https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2024.239156847pubpub
Suspensions and Detentions
No full textItem is not available in this repository.Stephen C Scholes - ORCID: 0000-0002-5808-6121
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5808-6121https://www.routledge.com/All-the-Things-They-Never-Told-You-About-Teaching-Facilitating-Conversations-Around-Sensitive-Topics-With-Our-Learners/Greenhalgh-Gibson/p/book/9781032692975?fbclid=IwY2xjawEv3NVleHRuA2FlbQIxMAABHXkBPOdkdH9F5-Hrzs0cvBnhJ-JhwfNsoPf9HISpo_xPo2LCAJmfxrLLeA_aem__t-DZGbAEyTkxqvxiRou5ginpressinpres
Alan Race and Jonathan Clatworthy, eds., What Christ? Whose Christ? New Options for Old Theories [Book review]
No full textFrom Crossref journal articles via Jisc Publications RouterPublication status: Publishedpubpu
REDUCING AND MEASURING THE CROSS-RACE EFFECT
Get PDFIndividuals recognise same-race faces better than different race faces, a robust phenomenon called the cross-race effect (CRE). The CRE can contribute to mistaken identifications, making it crucial to study it. This project included two studies. The first aimed to reduce the CRE using targeted interventions and to evaluate how individual differences, confidence, and response time predict eyewitness accuracy. The second focused on creating a reliable measure of eyewitness accuracy for White and Asian witnesses and targets. Both studies examined the confidence-accuracy relationship for White and Asian targets.
The first study compared known interventions to reduce the CRE (discrimination training, individuation instructions) against no intervention and explored new variables— individual differences in working memory capacity, selective attention, and need for cognition—and extant variables—confidence and response time—predicting accuracy. Contrary to expectations, participants (White, n = 403) showed similar identification accuracy of Asian and White faces. A CRE was observed for target-absent accuracy. Discrimination training altered the CRE (cf. control group): it increased correct rejections for cross-race faces but decreased them for same-race faces. Working memory capacity, confidence, and response time reliably predicted identification accuracy. Confidence and response time explained unique variance, but the variance explained by working memory capacity overlapped with these.
The second study developed the CRE Inventory, combining known predictors of the CRE to improve the prediction of same- and cross-race eyewitness accuracy. A CRE was observed for White participants (n = 202). However, Asian participants (n = 203) recognised White faces similar to Asian faces—potentially because of their minority status. Exploratory factor analysis produced reliable scales with expected factors that significantly predicted identification performance: general face recognition ability, race-specific face recognition ability, racial attitudes towards White individuals, quantity of contact with Asian individuals, motivation to individuate White individuals, and cognitive disregard of Asian individuals. Three scales that predicted identification accuracy also explained unique variance compared to that explained by the eyewitness’ confidence.
This research advances the CRE literature theoretically—by identifying factors that relate to recognition—and practically—by testing multiple predictors of accuracy and developing a tool to enhance the reliability evaluations of White eyewitnesses
EVALUATION OF NARRATIVE PRACTICES INCLUDING TREE OF LIFE TO DEVELOP THE EMOTIONAL RESILIENCE OF REFUGEE YOUNG PEOPLE AND FAMILIES
Get PDFAs the global migration crisis gathers pace, the severe emotional challenges inherent in forced migration emphasises the urgent need for effective mental health support for refugee communities. This thesis examines how to develop the emotional resilience of refugee children, young people, and their parents using strength-based collective narrative methodologies, including the ‘Tree of Life’ (ToL) and adapted versions. This work offers a response to critique western psychological models which, it is argued, are culturally limited and based on narrow conceptualisations of resilience.
Four studies evaluating narrative interventions for refugee youth and their families are reviewed - within UK statutory mental health services and the contrasting context of an unofficial refugee camp in France. Drawing on constructivist and critical realist paradigms, mixed methods and practice-based evidence are used to identify outcomes reported by refugees which are likely to promote resilience. These included the development of self-confidence and positive self-identity; improvement in social relationships and connection with community; and a clearer sense of purpose and hope for the future.
These findings challenge the predominant view of resilience embedded in western psychotherapy models, which focus on directly addressing symptoms of trauma with individuals. Narrative therapy moves beyond this medicalisation of mental health by positioning people as survivors who have resources, skills, and agency in their own recovery to build resilience. It emphasises a non-expert and collaborative stance which honours culturally determined views of healing through social connection and mutual support. This thesis poses timely and pressing questions about how individuals who have experienced extreme adversity and abuse are supported. As an intervention that does not rely on the expertise of highly trained professionals, narrative practices and specifically ToL are particularly relevant in the current UK context of diminishing resources and increasing need and may translate to humanitarian contexts, although this warrants further research
Unpacking the complexities, challenges, and nuances of museum community engagement practitioners' narratives on knowledge production in Scotland
Get PDFFrom Wiley via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: received 2022-05-31, rev-recd 2023-04-21, accepted 2024-01-21, epub 2024-02-02Article version: VoRPublication status: PublishedLinnea Wallen - ORCID: 0000-0001-7850-4098
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7850-4098Stephen Darling - ORCID: 0000-0001-7462-6311
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7462-6311This paper explores how community engagement practitioners understand their knowledge production work in facilitating and choreographing dialogical spaces (Freire, 2005) within which “organic intellectuals” (Gramsci, 1971) and “alternative” knowledge emerge. Using a qualitative, phenomenological research strategy, data were generated through semi‐structured interviews with community engagement practitioners in Scotland. Practitioners emphasize the importance of equity in the relationship with project participants in knowledge production. Practitioners' narratives reveal how those relationships are realized and how these inform their own and the museum institutions' practice. We acknowledge that community‐based project participants' expertise is prioritized by practitioners as critical to effective community engagement. We argue for a nuanced conceptualization—and appreciation—of the complexities inherent in museum community engagement practice, which is often absent in museum studies work. This conceptualization is embedded in practitioners' subjective experiences and reflections, as well as structural contexts, which simultaneously enable and constrain meaningful community engagement work.67pubpub
The Effect of Service Quality, Patient Trust and Hospital Reputation on Patient Satisfaction in Jordanian Public Hospital
No full textFrom Crossref journal articles via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: epub 2023-12-29, issued 2023-12-29, ppub 2023-12-31Article version: AMPublication status: PublishedItem is not available in this repository.This study aims to investigate the impact of service quality, patient trust, and hospital reputation on patient satisfaction within public hospitals in Jordan. Employing the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) tool, the authors analysed a survey sample comprising 400 patients. The findings indicate that service quality, patient trust, and hospital reputation positively influence patient satisfaction. The results of this research have significant implications for healthcare practitioners in Jordan, underscoring the importance of not only providing excellent medical care but also implementing marketing strategies to cultivate lasting relationships with patients.pubpu
“Who Are We Designing Them For?”: Transgender Inclusivity in Edinburgh’s Temporary Housing
No full textProblem Statement:
Two-spirit, transgender, and non-binary (2STNB) people experiencing homelessness, especially those with intersecting social identities, are disproportionately at risk of being unsheltered. There is limited knowledge of how Edinburgh’s temporary housing (TH) systems reinforce or produce health inequities, including the impact of the housing emergency on health outcomes and risk factors.
Main Research Question:
- How are service providers and stakeholders 2STNB inclusive in Edinburgh’s TH?
Methodology:
A critical realist and post-structuralist perspective informed semi-structured interviews with nine housing service providers [HSPs], a transgender service provider [TSP], and a local government official [LGO]. The participants' social realities were analysed using a thematic approach and conceptualised using the Intersectionality Research for Trans Health Justice [IRTHJ] conceptual framework.
Key Findings:
The most significant findings included: the integration of person-centred practices in inclusive approaches; the Edinburgh housing emergency highlighting the need to ‘build homes’; and 2STNB visibility across TH settings needing improved.
Main Conclusions:
The main findings of this research demonstrate that interviewed service providers and stakeholders are making a conscious effort towards 2STNB inclusion in TH services. The results conceptualise 2STNB health inequities in oppressive structures, institutional systems, and socio-structural processes.
Recommendations:
Key recommendations towards 2STNB inclusive practice include gender identity options in data collection strategies, updating language in policies, de-generalising strategic actions in regulations, improving spatial awareness in TH settings. Future research should engage in participatory research and explore women-only and IPV/DV shelters
Social determinants of malnutrition in children under five in Nigeria: a narrative review of the literature
No full textBackground
Malnutrition in children under five continues to be a significant global health concern with a short and long-term adverse effect on children particular in lower- and middle-income countries, such as Nigeria. The most prevalent form of malnutrition in children under five is undernutrition, which is characterized by stunting, wasting and being underweight. This narrative review adopts a social determinants of health approach applied to the issue of malnutrition in children under five in Nigeria, with the aim of understanding the link between social determinants of malnutrition and undernutrition prevalence in Nigeria, including unpacking any regional differences and providing recommendations to improve nutritional outcome in children under five.
Methodology
A narrative review of existing literature search was conducted using PubMed, Medline, Scopus databases and grey literatures from 2014 to 2024 to include studies focusing on malnutrition in under five children in Nigeria published. Relevant articles were retrieved using relevant keywords in combination with Boolean operators “AND” and “OR”. The documents resulting from the search were screened based on set inclusion/exclusion criteria, and 21 documents were identified as relevant. These 21 documents were analysed using a thematic approach, with themes developed based on a conceptual framework highlighting the determinants of child malnutrition at different levels.
Findings
The articles reviewed highlighted significant geographical differences in undernutrition within Nigeria, with high prevalence seen particularly in the Northern regions. Findings also highlighted the key determinants of malnutrition for children under five, including mothers’ education, age and nutritional status; feeding practices; the access that household have to adequate resources, including education, land, employment, income, but also the patterns of intra-household distribution of resources and the level of maternal autonomy in decision making, which seems to be associated with lower prevalence of child malnutrition. Finally, cultural practices and the broader socio-economic context were also revealed to have an effect on child malnutrition, in particular explaining the higher prevalence found in the Northern regions (historically poorer and affected by the Boko Haram insurgency).
Discussion and conclusions
The review of the literature confirms that social determinants are a major factor in defining the high levels of malnutrition in children in Nigeria, similarly to other low and middle income settings. As such, it is confirmed that a social determinants of health (SDH) approach is relevant not only to understand malnutrition and its causes, but also to address them effectively. Based on the analysis, a series of recommendations emerge in relation to urban/rural and socio-economic differences between areas, women’s and girls’ education, equality, and empowerment, community awareness in relation to beliefs on feeding practices. Addressing the social determinants that contributes to undernutrition is crucial for reducing malnutrition in children under five and enhancing health results in Nigeria
Enhancing Educational Equity: Bridging the Gap for Deaf Learners' Transition to Higher Education in Rwanda
No full textFrom Crossref book chapters via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: ppub 2024-10-25, issued 2024-10-25Publication status: PublishedItem is not available in this repository.This research addresses the challenges militating the transition of deaf learners from secondary education to higher education in Rwanda. The specific objectives are to conduct an in-depth analysis of the existing challenges militating the transition of deaf learners from secondary to higher education in Rwanda, evaluate the effectiveness of existing inclusive policies, investigate the extent to which inclusive policies in Rwanda, and formulate context-specific measures for facilitating the transition of deaf learners from secondary education to higher education. The study will employ a mixed methods approach, combining surveys, interviews, focus group discussions, and document analysis. The research sample will comprise 96 individuals, including deaf graduates from secondary school, educators, policymakers, parents, and advocacy groups. Findings are expected to facilitate policy reform, improve educational practices, and empower deaf learners, fostering a more inclusive and equitable educational system.pubpu
Data sources:
Access Repository Dashboard
Do you manage Queen Margaret University eResearch? Access insider analytics, issue reports and manage access to outputs from your repository in the CORE Repository Dashboard!