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The role of leadership and cultural barriers in the adoption of lean six sigma in clinical pharmacy practice and medicine waste reduction. The case of NHS-UK
No full textStefania Paladini - ORCID: 0000-0002-1526-3589
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1526-3589Item is not available in this repository.Purpose
This study investigates the role of leadership and cultural transformation in facilitating Lean Six Sigma (LSS) practices in clinical pharmacy settings to reduce medicine waste within the UK National Health Services (NHS).
Design/methodology/approach
A systematic literature review on Lean Six Sigma in health care was conducted to develop an analytical framework. This was followed by a qualitative case study of an English NHS trust to test the framework, exploring pharmacists' adoption of LSS practices and their impact on staff behaviour, focussing on leadership decisions and organisational culture.
Findings
The research highlights the significance of leadership’s prioritisation in waste reduction efforts and its influence on staff engagement. It also examines the intricate relationship between leadership decisions, education and training, resource allocation, and the prevailing clinical culture, which shapes pharmacists' behaviours and attitudes towards LSS practices and waste reduction.
Research limitations/implications
The study’s focus on a single NHS trust limits the generalisability of the findings, suggesting the need for further research across different healthcare settings.
Practical implications
The study recommends a cultural transformation, earlier training, and reformation in service strategy to enhance the adoption of LSS practices and contribute to a more sustainable future for the wider health services.
Social implications
Effective medicine waste management prevents harm and helps address the current NHS medicine shortage. The NHS can allocate resources efficiently, ensure timely treatment, and prepare for future disruptions by implementing the proposed framework.
Originality/value
We developed a leadership model for the NHS to reduce medicine waste, offering a novel approach to addressing the challenge of medicine waste through leadership and cultural transformation.https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQRM-02-2024-006942pubpub
Enablers and barriers to implementing cholera interventions in Nigeria: a community–based system dynamics approach
Get PDFFrom Crossref journal articles via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: epub 2024-07-26, issued 2024-07-26Article version: AMPublication status: PublishedFunder: Forte, Sweden; Grant(s): 2020-00027Karin Diaconu - ORCID: 0000-0002-5810-9725
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5810-9725AM replaced with VoR 24/10/2024.Nigeria accounts for a substantial cholera burden globally, particularly in its northeast region, where insurgency is persistent and widespread. We used participatory group model building (GMB) workshops to explore enablers and barriers to implementing known cholera interventions, including water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), surveillance and laboratory, case management, community engagement, oral cholera vaccine, and leadership and coordination, as well as explore leverage points for interventions and collaboration. The study engaged key cholera stakeholders in the northeastern states of Adamawa and Bauchi, as well as national stakeholders in Abuja. Adamawa and Bauchi States’ GMB participants comprised 49 community members and 43 healthcare providers, while the 23 national participants comprised government ministry, department and agency staff, and development partners. Data were analysed thematically and validated via consultation with selected participants. The study identified four overarching themes regarding the enablers and barriers to implementing cholera interventions: (1) political will, (2) health system resources and structures, (3) community trust and culture, and (4) spill-over effect of COVID-19. Specifically, inadequate political will exerts its effect directly (e.g., limited funding for prepositioning essential cholera supplies) or indirectly (e.g., overlapping policies) on implementing cholera interventions. The healthcare system structure (e.g., centralisation of cholera management in a state capital) and limited surveillance tools weaken the capacity to implement cholera interventions. Community trust emerges as integral to strengthening the healthcare system’s resilience in mitigating the impacts of cholera outbreaks. Lastly, the spill-over effects of COVID-19 helped promote interventions similar to cholera (e.g., WASH) and directly enhanced political will. In conclusion, the study offers insights into the complex barriers and enablers to implementing cholera interventions in Nigeria’s cholera-endemic settings. Strong political commitment, strengthening the healthcare system, building community trust, and an effective public health system can enhance the implementation of cholera interventions in Nigeria.pubpu
Scotland: The Long-Delayed Rise of a Conservative Nationalism?
No full textPaul Gilfillan - ORCID: 0000-0002-0048-7598 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0048-7598Item is not available in this repository.https://europeanconservative.com/articles/essay/scotland-the-long-delayed-rise-of-a-conservative-nationalism/#:~:text=In%20this%20follow%2Dup%20article,drivers%20of%20this%20long%2Ddelayedpubpu
Scotland: The Strange Case of the Missing Nationalism
No full textPaul Gilfillan - ORCID: 0000-0002-0048-7598 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0048-7598Item is not available in this repository.https://europeanconservative.com/articles/essay/scotland-the-strange-case-of-the-missing-nationalism/pubpu
Inter-Rater Reliability of Auditory Brainstem Response Waveforms Elicited by Complex Stimuli
Get PDFChristine Johnson - ORCID: 0000-0001-8573-5396
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8573-5396Objective:
The objective of this study was to assess the inter-rater reliability of peak marking for the frequency following the response portion of auditory brainstem response (ABR) waveforms elicited by complex stimuli.
Materials and Methods:
ABR testing was carried out on 30 adult participants with normal hearing, which generated a data set of 60 click-evoked waveforms and 60/da/-evoked waveforms. Three audiologists marked peaks for both click and/da/evoked ABR waveform data, derived from 30 participants aged 18–30 years. To assess inter-rater reliability, a two-way, random effects, single-measure model was used to calculate the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).
Results:
The ICCs were ≥0.89 for peaks I, III, and V of the click-evoked waveforms. For the/da/evoked waveforms, the ICCs were rated good to high (≥0.83) for peaks V, A, E, F, and O, fair (0.75) for peak D but poor (≥0.45) for peak C.
Conclusion:
Investigations of reliability of waveform marking should be undertaken before using complex stimuli for ABR testing to prevent premature adoption of screening or diagnostic tools.22pubpub
Women's experiences of the transition to motherhood and self-compassion
No full textFrom Crossref journal articles via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: ppub 2024-09-20, issued 2024-09-20Publication status: PublishedHealth visitors have a pivotal role in supporting women in their transition to motherhood, equipping them with the necessary skills and knowledge to help them cope and thrive. This review was conducted to appraise the current literature around the role of self-compassion in the transition to motherhood and women's experiences of this, as well as the effectiveness of self-compassion on women's psychological wellbeing in this transition. Databases were searched against an inclusion criterion and 11 studies were selected for review. Review findings give insights into how self-compassion practices can aid the transition to motherhood by mitigating psychological challenges and promoting maternal wellbeing and mother–infant bonding. Self-compassion training opportunities should be provided to health visitors and other health professionals working with women from pregnancy, to competently deliver and facilitate such interventions.pubpu
“At that time, I couldn’t understand very well” An exploratory study of volunteering as a pathway to integration for asylum seekers and refugees in Scotland
No full textIntroduction: The year 2023 saw the highest number of people seeking asylum in the United Kingdom (UK) for two decades (Home Office, 2023a). Therefore, examining experiences of asylum seekers and refugees integrating into communities has become increasingly relevant. The UK government holds a particularly restrictive approach to immigration and asylum, including not allowing asylum seekers to take up employment. As such, the Home Office (2023c) encourages people who seek asylum to volunteer whilst their claim is being considered. This dissertation is concerned with the role of volunteering as a potential pathway towards the process of integration for asylum seekers and refugees in Glasgow.
Methods: This dissertation adopts a qualitative study approach, based on secondary analysis of 14 interviews with refugees. Thematic analysis was guided by a conceptual framework, Indicators of
Integration Framework (Ndofor-Tah et al., 2019), to understand the experiences of volunteering for asylum seekers and refugees in Glasgow and to what extent does volunteering aid or discourage integration.
Findings: Based on the analysis of the interviews, factors both supporting and hindering refugee integration emerged, providing a nuanced picture of the role of volunteering towards integration. The positive pathways from volunteering to integration were: connections to people and organisations, multi-cultural learning, indirect progress towards employment and the fact that volunteering provided a purpose. The limiting pathways from volunteering to integration were: limited evidence of volunteering leading to direct employment and that it was yet another system to navigate.
Conclusion: The findings of this study point to the fact that in many cases, volunteering has proved to be a valuable resource for newcomers who are from a background very different to the environment in which they find themselves. It was also noted that volunteering has the capacity to be dynamic and person specific therefore, activating different pathways to integration over the time continuum from first arrival into the country
“The role of child marriage in the utilisation of maternal health services amongst women married at or before the age of 18 in Nepal” – a narrative review
No full textBackground: Approximately 640 million girls and women who are alive today were married before the age of 18. Nepal is a low-income country in South Asia and has a very high rate of child marriage. A combination of both community and socio-economic factors such as, education, wealth status and place of residence are significantly associated with maternal healthcare services (MHCS) utilisation among women married at or before the age of 18.
Method: This narrative study aimed to explore the role of child marriage in the utilisation of MHCS among women who were married at or before the age of 18 in Nepal. Peer-reviewed academic articles on child marriage and its influence on MHCS utilisation were retrieved from ten databases and reviewed for this study.
Results: The results showed the existence of some interventions such as from the Safe Motherhood Initiative Program, put in place to improve the utilisation and quality of MHCS in Nepal. Nonetheless, child marriage was shown to significantly decrease the likelihood of ANC visits, facility-based delivery, skilled delivery attendance and PNC use among the study population compared to women married as adults. Multiple socio-cultural, economic, interpersonal, and community-level factors were shown to negatively impact access and utilisation of MHCS among girls who were married at or before the age of 18 in Nepal. These included but were not limited to factors such as poverty, lack of education, religion, the kind of support received from family members (in-laws) and neighbours as well as societal norms and attitudes.
Conclusion: This study sheds light on the prevalence and patterns of MHCS utilisation among the women married at or before the age of 18 in different settings and in the context of Nepal. There needs to be a stronger emphasis and combined efforts among the government of Nepal, other organisations and different stakeholders on the provision of maternal health education among all the women to improve the utilisation of the MHCS among all the women in Nepal. These can vary from sexual education in school from a young age as well as peer education to awareness campaigns in communities to support the women married as child
EXPLORING THE EFFECTS ON MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF DELAYED JUSTICE DELIVERY ON LAWYERS AND LITIGANTS IN THE NIGERIAN JUDICIAL SYSTEM
No full textBackground: In Nigeria, individuals navigating the legal system often endure an average waiting period of 22 years for case resolution, far exceeding Western standards. These prolonged delays inflict significant economic, relational, health, and psychological burdens on litigants and lawyers, deteriorating their quality of life. However, scant evidence exists documenting these impacts, hindering efforts to enhance support for justice system participants. This study aims to extract themes from existing literature regarding the mental health repercussions of delayed justice and assess the influence of financial pressures and coping mechanisms on stressors.
Method: A desk study was conducted, primarily through a Literature Review incorporating 22 studies sourced from Google Scholar and Scopus databases. Various literature sources were examined to establish a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter.
Results: Findings reveal that delayed justice delivery profoundly affects the mental health and psychological well-being of legal practitioners and litigants, particularly exacerbating severe anxiety. The high financial costs associated with prolonged legal processes directly contribute to heightened stress levels among litigants. Coping strategies employed by lawyers and litigants vary, ranging from seeking social support to engaging in self-care practices.
Conclusion: Urgent attention is required for further research to comprehensively explore the multifaceted impacts of delayed justice delivery. Practitioners and policymakers must prioritize mental health interventions within the Nigerian legal system and enact supportive policies to alleviate the adverse effects of protracted legal proceedings. Additionally, future research efforts should encompass primary data collection to provide firsthand insights into the experiences of those affected by delayed justice delivery
Exploring identity work of LGBT+ volunteers in sport through personas: the advocate, the community-minded and the sportsperson
Get PDFLinda Allin - ORCID: 0000-0002-8101-6631
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8101-6631Research question:
Sport volunteering can be a valued and meaningful way to engage in sport beyond participation, but sport volunteers lack diversity in the UK. Specifically, there has been a lack of insight into experiences and identities of LGBT+ volunteers in sport. Therefore, this research explores how LGBT+ volunteers construct, negotiate and manage their identities over time and through the use of personas.
Research methods:
Using identity work as a theoretical lens and from a social constructionist perspective, this study employs topical life history interviews of 16 sexually diverse sport volunteers to explore identity work strategies adopted by participants to navigate their volunteer experiences.
Results and findings:
Using constructivist grounded theory analysis, the study identifies three personas (1) advocate, (2) community-minded and (3) sportsperson – through which identity processes are expressed, illustrating the shifts in these personas as participants navigate their volunteer experiences.
Implications
By acknowledging the fluidity of identity processes and the influence of socio-political contexts, sport organisations can create more inclusive environments that accommodate the varying needs of LGBT+ volunteers. Theoretically, the study contributes to the broader discourse on identity work by demonstrating how personas emerge as outcomes of this work and how they are sustained over time, offering a nuanced understanding of identity processes within sport volunteering.https://doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2024.240992325pubpub
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