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Assessing the Impact of School-Related Stress and Associated Coping Strategies on the Mental Health of Undergraduate Students in Nigeria
No full textUniversity students are among the categories of people who experience elevated and prolonged stress globally. Due to protracted exposure to diverse stressors in their academic and home environments, they also experience chronic stress which affects their mental balance and wellness. Against this background, this study investigated academic stress among Nigerian undergraduate students, focusing on its causes, gender distribution, mental health correlates, and coping strategies. Convenience and snowball sampling techniques were employed to 70 students between ages 18-27 from Nigerian universities to complete a self-administered cross-sectional online survey. The data was statistically analysed in SPSS. Results revealed high stress levels, with over 80% of participants reporting high to very high academic stress. Primary stressors included academic workload, fear of failing exams, and financial concerns. Contrary to many international studies, male students reported higher stress levels than females, suggesting unique cultural and societal pressures. Mental health correlates showed significant relationships between stress and feelings of anxiety and sleep disturbances, while feelings depression exhibited a complex, non-significant association despite high prevalence. Spirituality and entertainment emerged as the most common coping strategies, while academic support services were underutilized due to stigma and lack of awareness. Limitations include the small sample size and cross-sectional design. Future research should employ larger samples, longitudinal designs, and mixed methods to deeper explore the nuanced stress experiences of Nigerian students. This study contributes to the understanding of academic stress in the Nigerian context and provides a foundation for evidence-based reforms to promote student well-being alongside academic success
Approaches, enablers and barriers to govern the private sector in health in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review
Get PDFSophie Witter - ORCID: 0000-0002-7656-6188
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7656-6188Introduction: The private sector plays a substantial role in delivering and financing healthcare in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Supporting governments to govern the private sector effectively, and so improve outcomes across the health system, requires an understanding of the evidence base on private health sector governance. This paper reports on a scoping review, which synthesised evidence on the approaches used to govern private sector delivery and financing of healthcare in LMICs, the effectiveness of these approaches and the key enablers and barriers to strengthening governance.
Methods: We undertook a systematic search of databases of published articles and grey literature to identify eligible papers published since 2010, drawing on WHO’s governance definition. Data were extracted into a pretested matrix and analysed using narrative synthesis, structured by WHO’s six governance behaviours and an additional cross-cutting theme on capacities.
Results: 107 studies were selected as relevant, covering 101 LMICs. Qualitative methods and document/literature review were predominant. The findings demonstrate the relevance of the WHO governance behaviours, but the lack of robust evidence for approaches to implementing them. Valuable insights from the literature include the need for a clear vision around governance aims; the importance of ensuring that policy dialogue processes are inclusive and transparent, avoiding interest group capture; the benefits of exploiting synergies between governance mechanisms; and the need to develop capacity to enact governance among both public and private actors.
Conclusion: Governance choices shape not just the current health system, but also its future development. Common barriers to effective governance must be addressed in policy design, stakeholder engagement, public and private sector accountability, monitoring and capacity. Achieving this will require in-depth explorations of governance mechanisms and more rigorous documentation of implementation and outcomes in diverse contexts.https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2024-0157718pubpubSuppl
Community music therapy with refugee children in transit camps on the Greek island of Chios: ‘Like one family, together’
No full textGiorgos Tsiris - ORCID: 0000-0001-9421-412X
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-412XItem is not available in this repository.This chapter is based on a five-year practice-led exploration of group music therapy with refugee children on the Greek island of Chios. Although an increasing number of music therapists work with refugees, practice is only sparsely documented, and there are rare accounts of work within transit camps to date. This chapter seeks to contribute to this gap. Extending beyond trauma-specific considerations, we outline the development of a community-oriented approach to music therapy in relation to the everyday refugee experience within formal and informal transit camps. The narratives and insights emerging from this exploration are explored alongside the principles of Psychological First Aid (PFA). We reflect on the role of music therapy in relation to refugee children's experience of crisis and adversity. Future directions that are transferable to other similar contexts of practice are discussed.https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003265610-3/community-music-therapy-refugee-children-transit-camps-greek-island-chios-mitsi-akoyunoglou-giorgos-tsiris?context=ubx&refId=14738761-b628-47e5-bb4b-e821729c9664https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003265610pubpu
Service evaluation: Three subjective questions that aid in identifying frozen shoulder—Within a multi‐centre musculoskeletal physiotherapy department in primary care
Get PDFFrom Crossref journal articles via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: received 2024-04-04, accepted 2024-04-10, epub 2024-04-21, issued 2024-04-21, published 2024-04-21Article version: VoRPublication status: PublishedPrateek Rangra - ORCID: 0000-0002-1457-991X
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1457-991XFrozen shoulder is a prevalent condition seen in primary care in the UK, 2%–10% of the general population and up to 20% of the diabetic population (Hanchard et al., 2020; Rae et al., 2019; Walker-Bone et al., 2004). Frozen shoulder is characterised by stiffness, pain, and limitation in function. Frozen shoulder is associated with variable prognosis and management strategies (Pandey & Madi, 2021; Rangan et al., 2020; Rex et al., 2021). It can be difficult to assess, diagnose and differentiate from other shoulder pathologies (Lyne et al., 2022). This is mainly due to commonality in aetiology and subjective findings in people presenting with shoulder pain. Physical examination is an integral part of frozen shoulder diagnosis. Therefore, an early identification is important to deliver good quality of care. The delivery of care in primary care settings is changing in the UK, with remote consultations on first contact becoming more prevalent in MSK settings (Rennie et al., 2022). It is also important to note that telephone assessments remain far more in number than assessments over video-based platforms in primary care settings (Murphy et al., 2021). This presents with a new set of challenges in diagnosing frozen shoulder and may cause delay in delivery of care.
There are subjective pain related complaints of frozen shoulder originally described by Codman in the 1930s and more recently by Atkin et al. (2016). These include pain constant in nature, pain on lying on the side at night and no radiating pain below the elbow. With stiffness in the shoulder being a common underlying feature. There has been a lot of research on aetiology, pathophysiology, and physical examination of frozen shoulder. However, there is a gap in the literature on exploring the relationship between key pain related subjective complaints and diagnosis of frozen shoulder.
The musculoskeletal physiotherapy service in East Lothian National Health Service, Scotland, consists of a telephone consultation to triage on first contact for self-referring patients. It was noted that pain related questions were regularly asked in these remote consultations when assessing shoulder pain; however, as discussed before, their relevance has not been evaluated in the literature in depth. Therefore, a service evaluation was carried out to investigate the relationship between three questions related to pain (i.e., Is the pain constant? Is there pain lying on the side at night? Does the pain radiate below the elbow?) and a diagnosis of frozen shoulder was made following face to face assessment. Additionally, this may help to provide some insight into whether frozen shoulder and other shoulder pathologies can be differentiated based on these pain related questions.pubpu
In “nature’s embrace”: Exploring connection to nature as experienced through wild swimming.
Get PDFAlexia Barrable - ORCID: 0000-0002-5352-8330 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5352-8330Background and aims: Previous research has highlighted the wellbeing benefits of engaging with blue spaces, including activities like wild swimming. In some of this previous research, the role of nature connection has been identified as a pathway towards wellbeing. This article aims to explore the human-nature relationship as experienced by those engaging in wild swimming and as facilitated by the act of wild swimming.
Methods: This is a qualitative study using data collected from four hundred and ninety five wild swimmers through an open-ended questionnaire. Thematic analysis allowed us to explore the pathways through which participants connect to the natural world when wild swimming.
Results: The experiences of immersion, a change of point of view, encounters with non-human nature, using the senses and the therapeutic effects of wild swimming are described by participants as supporting their nature connection. Pathways to nature connection through wild swimming included self-transcendence, shifts in perspective, empathy, awe and beauty and the feeling of being supported or cared for. Moreover, linking to those pathways, several dimensions of nature connection, as described by the participants, are identified. Finally, further links are made with pro-environmental behaviours, stemming from the aforementioned dimensions and pathways.
Discussion: Wild swimming represents a unique way to connect to the natural world, and this research paper explores the pathways towards connection through the activity of wild swimming. This offers an extension of previous work on pathways, and can be used by practitioners, individuals and researchers looking at increasing connection to the natural world.pubpu
The Case for Space Sustainability: Crowded Orbits, Debris Crisis, and Global Space Governance
Get PDFSteph Paladini: ORCID: 0000-0002-1526-3589
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1526-3589https://doi.org/10.13134/979-12-5977-376-0pubpu
Book Review: Armchair Cinema – A History of Feature Films on British Television 1929–1981
No full textItem is not available in this repository.Kevin Geddes - ORCID: 0000-0002-4627-8425 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4627-8425https://doi.org/10.1177/1749602024130422820pubpub
Arts Managers and a Regenerative Mindset
Get PDFThe paper was presented as an oral presentation at the 17th International Conference on Arts and Cultural Management AIMAC Conference, that occured in ISCTE - Lisbon University Institute, Lisbon, Portugal, during the period of 23 – 26 of June
2024.The issue of sustainable development is a complex one for arts managers, and although there is increasing good practice in the area, it is argued that sustainability and net zero is not enough. Some argue that a new paradigm is required to move beyond sustainability and aim instead for net positive, regenerative outcomes (Stafford et al, 2018; RSA, 2021; Ichioka and Pawlyn, 2021, SITRA 2023). Creating and sustaining a paradigm shift is a complex process that requires collective action and new ways of being. What does this mean for arts managers now and in the future? Do the arts managers of today have the appropriate combination of leadership skills, anticipatory abilities, regenerative skills, values and ethics to lead a paradigm shift? What does it mean for education in arts management to support leaders to develop appropriate competencies to deal with change as the new paradigm emerges?
The authors’ aim with this research is to identify how teaching can encourage arts managers to develop a regenerative mindset. In this presentation the authors propose a framework for educators to use to help develop more regenerative mindsets in Arts Managers. These tactics are framed as an evolving toolkit for educators with four intersecting aspects. The findings present each tactic in detail with examples to support educators to consider for their own practice. As a conclusion the authors propose that creating the paradigm shift from the dominant thinking about sustainability to regeneration will not be easy and that educators have a crucial role to play in activating a tipping point. To do this educators need to understand our own mindsets and behaviours, acknowledge the gaps in understanding, keep an open mind and be prepared to let go of old ways of being. The framework is offered as a starting place to support this; an evolving experiment, there to be played with and further developed by other educators
‘At some points you feel awful because you are going to start again’: The ambiguous role of education in highly skilled refugee women’s integration experiences
Get PDFHelen Baillot - ORCID: 0000-0003-2848-023X
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2848-023XMarcus Fernandes - ORCID: 0009-0009-4840-1093
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4840-1093In refugee and migration studies, education has been situated as both a marker of integration and a facilitator of progress in other domains. This paper draws on the accounts of three highly skilled women who have experienced forced migration to highlight some of the ambiguities of education’s role in pathways to social and economic inclusion. A case study approach allows for a detailed and contextual exploration of how intersections of age, caring responsibilities and immigration status influence women’s ability to engage with education. Participants’ accounts confirm that accessing desired and appropriate educational provision can propel people towards their longer-term goals. However, provision that is inaccessible or perceived to be below women’s skill levels can be experienced as exclusionary and demoralising, with attendant impact on women’s perceptions of integration and hopes for the future. Women deploy several strategies to overcome these obstacles, including leveraging existing social connections and re-evaluating their future career pathways. Yet these strategies are not always fully successful. Our findings point towards the need for improved provision for adult refugees and a concerted effort by educational institutions to tackle continuing systemic barriers to education.The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by the Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund (UK2020PR0104).https://doi.org/10.1177/27526461241286896aheadofprintaheadofprin
Talent identification and development strategies in elite women’s soccer: a pan-European perspective
Get PDFThe question of how best to identify and develop youth soccer players has received considerable attention from the scientific community. Existing literature has, however, largely focused on male players, with comparatively little exploration of the specific approaches employed within women’s soccer. Accordingly, we sought to investigate the key factors deemed important by elite women’s soccer clubs concerning the: 1) identification of potential talent; 2) development of players within the player pathway; and 3) selection of players for the next age group or senior team. Data were generated through semi-structured interviews with 11 key representatives from seven elite women’s soccer clubs. Clubs were purposefully sampled to include the highest performing teams (38 domestic titles and 10 UEFA Women’s Champions League titles) from five European nations (Spain, France, Sweden, Germany, and Italy). Data were analysed using thematic content analysis, resulting in six higher-order themes: 1) prioritising local talent; 2) recruitment from mixed grassroots leagues; 3) creating challenging developmental environments; 4) ensuring player wellbeing; 5) patience in decision-making; and 6) facilitating the youth-to-senior transition through a top-down approach. A total of 17 lower-order themes were subsequently identified. The present study offers novel insights of key strategies deemed important by some of the most successful women’s clubs in top-performing European nations. Future research examining the efficacy of such approaches could help inform the development of evidence-based practices for nurturing the next generation of elite female players.The work was supported by The Football Association.https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2024.2404920aheadofprintaheadofprin
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