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Driving universal health reforms through crises and shocks: Final report on the work of the Chatham House Commission for Universal Health
No full textSophie Witter - ORCID: 0000-0002-7656-6188
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7656-6188Item is not available in this repository.Universal health coverage (UHC) is achieved when everyone receives the health services they need, free at the point of delivery. Target 3.8 of the Sustainable Development Goals sets the ambition for all countries to achieve UHC by 2030, but global indicators for health coverage and financial protection have been lagging since 2015.
The series of crises and shocks the world has suffered in recent years – including disease outbreaks, financial crises, multiple conflicts and the deepening impacts of climate change – have raised fears that commitments to UHC will be seriously undermined.
In 2022, in light of these concerns, Chatham House established the Commission for Universal Health to look at ways to support countries in maintaining and accelerating progress towards UHC. Drawing on the work of the commission, this report explores examples of where, and how, conditions of crisis and shock have had a catalytic role in driving universal health initiatives, and offers recommendations for leaders currently considering launching or expanding UHC reforms.
The report endorses the World Health Organization’s finding that investment of an additional 1 per cent of GDP for primary healthcare is a realistic target for countries transitioning to UHC. While acknowledging that affordability is a legitimate concern for many countries at a time of resource constraints, the authors argue that universal entitlement is not necessarily about spending more. Instead, it is about spending money better: by pooling resources, UHC offers the possibility of providing better healthcare for more people more cost-effectively than alternative financing models.https://doi.org/10.55317/9781784136147pubpu
Barriers and enabling structural forces affecting access to antiretroviral therapy in Nigeria
Get PDFFrom Springer Nature via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: received 2022-05-11, registration 2023-11-20, accepted 2023-11-20, epub 2024-01-06, online 2024-01-06, collection 2024-12Acknowledgements: The authors acknowledge the National Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria as well as their members who participated in the study and provided insight from their experiences.Publication status: PublishedFunder: Queen Margaret University; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010033Background: Access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) helps to improve quality of life and reduces the spread of HIV. However, while a lot of studies focus on supply factors, such as resources for the purchase of antiretroviral drugs, demand and structural forces are not given much emphasis. In this paper it is argued that structural forces shape the way people access antiretroviral therapy in Nigeria. Methods: A Grounded Theory methodology was undertaken in the research. Semi structured qualitative interviews were administered to select people living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria. This was facilitated by the Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria (NEPWHAN) to understand their perspectives with regard to barriers and enablers to ART access in Nigeria. Thirty persons living with HIV/AIDS were interviewed and recorded. The interview recordings were transcribed and coded using a constructionist epistemological approach. This was triangulated with results of preliminary and secondary literature review analysis. Results: In this research, the participants discussed structural forces (barriers and enablers) that influenced how they accessed ART. These included economic factors such as poverty that enabled transactional sex. Unequal gender relations and perceptions influenced how they accessed ART. The participants’ belief in ‘God’ and religious activities such as ‘prayer’ and the use of ‘traditional medicine’ had an impact on how and when they accessed ART. Political activity at the international, national, and local levels influenced access to ART as well as resources. The individual’s familial, social, and organisational connections also influenced their ease of accessing ART. Conclusions: This study identifies structural forces that affect access to antiretroviral therapy and provides recommendations on how they can be harnessed to enable improved access to ART and consequently improved health.pubpu
The development and internal pilot trial of a digital physical activity and emotional well-being intervention (Kidney BEAM) for people with chronic kidney disease
Get PDFFrom Springer Nature via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: received 2023-09-15, registration 2023-12-20, accepted 2023-12-20, epub 2024-01-06, online 2024-01-06, collection 2024-12Acknowledgements: The authors acknowledge the work of the various research teams at each site and thank all the participants involved in this research. This research was prospectively registered NCT04872933.Publication status: PublishedPelagia Koufaki - ORCID: 0000-0002-1406-3729 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1406-3729This trial assessed the feasibility and acceptability of Kidney BEAM, a physical activity and emotional well-being self-management digital health intervention (DHI) for people with chronic kidney disease (CKD), which offers live and on-demand physical activity sessions, educational blogs and videos, and peer support. In this mixed-methods, multicentre randomised waitlist-controlled internal pilot, adults with established CKD were recruited from five NHS hospitals and randomised 1:1 to Kidney BEAM or waitlist control. Feasibility outcomes were based upon a priori progression criteria. Acceptability was primarily explored via individual semi-structured interviews (n = 15). Of 763 individuals screened, n = 519 (68%, 95% CI 65 to 71%) were eligible. Of those eligible, n = 303 (58%, 95% CI 54–63%) did not respond to an invitation to participate by the end of the pilot period. Of the 216 responders, 50 (23%, 95% CI 18–29%) consented. Of the 42 randomised, n = 22 (10 (45%) male; 49 ± 16 years; 14 (64%) White British) were allocated to Kidney BEAM and n = 20 (12 (55%) male; 56 ± 11 years; 15 (68%) White British) to the waitlist control group. Overall, n = 15 (30%, 95% CI 18–45%) withdrew during the pilot phase. Participants completed a median of 14 (IQR 5–21) sessions. At baseline, 90–100% of outcome data (patient reported outcome measures and a remotely conducted physical function test) were completed and 62–83% completed at 12 weeks follow-up. Interview data revealed that remote trial procedures were acceptable. Participants’ reported that Kidney BEAM increased their opportunity and motivation to be physically active, however, lack of time remained an ongoing barrier to engagement with the DHI. An randomised controlled trial of Kidney BEAM is feasible and acceptable, with adaptations to increase recruitment, retention and engagement. Trial registration NCT04872933. Date of first registration 05/05/2021.This trial was funded by a grant from Kidney Research UK. Funding for Kidney Beam is currently supported by the four major UK charities: Kidney Research UK, Kidney Care UK, National Kidney Federation and the UK Kidney Association. HMLY is funded by the NIHR [NIHR302926]. Part of this research was carried out at the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre (BRC). The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. The funders had no role in the design, collection, analysis, interpretation of the data, or writing of this protocol.pubpu
Celebrities and Food Media
No full textAna Tominc - ORCID: 0000-0001-7894-1685
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7894-1685Item is restricted in this repository.From early television “celebrity” chefs, who appeared in the decades after the Second World War on many early television programmes in Europe, US and across the world (Tominc, 2022) to contemporary successful Instagram influencers and activists, ‘food celebrities’ are famous media-produced personalities who are uniquely positioned to tie themselves and their brands to fashionable food advice discourses. They profoundly impact our thinking on what is considered appropriate and inappropriate food as they frame food discourses through categories of gender, religion, class, nation and race, often repositioning the more traditional identity boundaries or transgressing them altogether, often through a moral lens. Their advice on how to lead our lives, however, does not always conform to the mainstream views of what counts as ‘good’ food, as a number of food celebrities also act as digital food activists, critically questioning the current food system and advocate for change.inpressinpres
CSP2023: 471 Advanced Practice Physiotherapists (APPs) in General Practice: A Service Evaluation
No full textFrom Elsevier via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: epub 2024-06-18, issued 2024-06-30Article version: AMPublication status: PublishedItem is not available in this repository.Judith Lane - ORCID: 0000-0003-0413-8421
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-8421pubpu
Perceptions of healthcare finance and system quality among Nigerian healthcare workers
Get PDFNigeria’s healthcare system faces significant challenges in financing and quality, impacting the delivery of services to its growing population. This study investigates healthcare workers’ perceptions of these challenges and their implications for healthcare policy and practice. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 600 healthcare professionals from eight states across Nigeria, representing a variety of healthcare occupations. Participants completed a questionnaire that assessed their perceptions of healthcare financing, quality of care, job satisfaction, and motivation using a 5-point Likert scale, closed- and open-ended questions. Descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test, and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that healthcare workers were generally not satisfied with the current state of healthcare financing and system quality in Nigeria. Poor funding, inadequate infrastructure, insufficient staffing, and limited access to essential resources were identified as major challenges. These challenges contributed to low job satisfaction, demotivation, and a desire to leave the profession. Socioeconomic factors, location State of practice, professional designation (clinical vs nonclinical), clinical designation (profession), and employment type (full-time vs part-time) were found to influence healthcare workers’ perceptions (p < 0.05). The findings indicated a need to improve healthcare workers’ satisfaction and retention, and quality of care in Nigeria, by increasing healthcare funding, transparent fund management protocols, investing in infrastructure and human resource development, and addressing regional healthcare disparities. By implementing these reforms, Nigeria can enhance the quality and accessibility of healthcare services and improve the health and well-being of its citizens.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.00038814pubpub1
Exploring the concept of feedback provision during motor skill training for people living with a long – term neurological impairment: a scoping review
No full textFrom Elsevier via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: issued 2024-12-13Article version: AMMarietta van der Linden - ORCID: 0000-0003-2256-6673 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2256-6673Gill Baer - ORCID: 0000-0002-1528-2851 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1528-2851Item is embargoed until 2025-12-13.Background
Feedback plays a fundamental role in motor skill training. A significant challenge that physiotherapists face during daily clinical practice is to structure, formulate and deliver feedback in an efficient manner, incorporating a standardized approach that will facilitate motor skill acquisition for people with neurological disorders.
Objectives
The objective of this scoping review was to identify and describe feedback provided by physiotherapists during the rehabilitation process of people living with long-term neurological impairments.
Data sources
A comprehensive search across the following databases was undertaken: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Sport Discus, Web of Science and Pedro
Study selection
Articles were included if they reported on studies involving feedback applied by the therapist during rehabilitation for people living with long-term neurological impairments.
Synthesis methods
A narrative synthesis was undertaken to describe and appraise the current state of the literature
Results
Eighteen articles were included and analysed in this scoping review. Most of the articles involved stroke patients, apart from one study that involved cerebral palsy children and another one including patients with Parkinson disease. Verbal feedback was the most described type of feedback. Verbal feedback and other types of feedback identified have not been reported with consistency and clarity. It was also found that the feedback provided was often not described in sufficient detail.
Conclusion
Feedback protocols used in the rehabilitation of people living with long-term conditions have been poorly described and structured in the articles included in this review.inpressinpres
An open door to the job market? Music therapy students’ reflections on practice placement in Norway
Get PDFThis study explores the transition between learning at university and learning in a work context through practice placement. It was conducted at the University of Bergen (UiB), which offers a five-year programme in music therapy. Practice placement is integrated at all levels of the programme, starting with observation of music therapy, to a placement where students work more autonomously. The aim of this study was to learn from the experiences of students participating in the programme, as their insights are crucial for informing the programme’s content. Our question was: How do students from the UiB five-year integrated music therapy programme reflect on their internship experiences, and how can we understand their reflections from a work-based learning perspective? To investigate this, we conducted two focus groups, each with five students. Following a thematic analysis of the data, three main themes and six sub-themes were developed: 1. Developing an identity as a music therapist (1.1. Gaining a professional identity, 1.2. Finding a voice in interdisciplinary meetings); 2. An open door to the job market (2.1. Learning from experience, 2.2. Developing new networks); and 3. Challenges with the music therapy practice placement (3.1. Feeling side-lined, 3.2. Lack of a broader teaching model). The themes, grounded in the empirical findings, are discussed from a sociocultural perspective, drawing on concepts such as apprenticeship learning, community of practice, and weak ties. This article concludes with implications for practice and suggestions for further research.https://doi.org/10.56883/aijmt.2024.409pubpu
An exploration of the role of mess-making in art psychotherapy
Get PDFRoz Hinds - ORCID: 0009-0002-0976-4130
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0976-4130Background:
Externalised mess-making processes create a distinction between art psychotherapy and other psychotherapy modalities, offering a unique window into the inner world of clients. Currently there is a limited amount of evidence on the role of mess in art psychotherapy, largely focusing on children. This study sets out to explore the role of mess-making in art psychotherapy from a broader client perspective and to investigate how art psychotherapists can work alongside mess-making to best support clients.
Aims:
The study has three broad aims – to identify themes that enhance understanding of the therapeutic value of mess-making in art psychotherapy, examine key barriers and enablers of working with mess, and explore practice implications for art psychotherapists.
Methods:
A qualitative approach was adopted utilising semi-structured interviews with 7 UK-based qualified art psychotherapists, representative of a range of settings and spanning diverse client populations. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.
Results:
The analysis resulted in 4 core themes – mess is welcome here, mess as a communication tool, the unfolding journey of mess, and the active therapist.
Conclusion:
The findings enhance current understanding of the therapeutic value of mess, confirming its value for a range of client populations The study also reveals key stages of mess-making in art psychotherapy within the therapeutic journey.https://doi.org/10.1080/17454832.2024.243447130pubpub
Tools for Promoting Independent Living Skills in Individuals with Disabilities
No full textItem is not available in this repository.Promoting independent living skills in individuals with disabilities is a crucial aspect of enhancing their quality of life and enabling them to thrive. These skills, which range from personal care and household management to navigating social and community settings, are essential for fostering autonomy and self-reliance. Teaching these skills requires a tailored approach that considers the unique needs of each individual, ensuring that they are equipped to face daily challenges and succeed in the personal and professional aspects of their lives.
Tools for Promoting Independent Living Skills in Individuals With Disabilities provides a comprehensive resource for educators and specialists working across multiple disciplines. Featuring expert contributions, it focuses on promoting independence in individuals with disabilities of all ages and types. With practical strategies and real-world applications, the book serves as a vital tool for those teaching life skills to help individuals with disabilities achieve greater autonomy and a higher quality of life.https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-6026-2pubpu
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