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Human-AI Coordination to Induce Flow in Adaptive Learning Systems
No full textThe coordination between humans and artificial intelligence (AI) systems has the potential to achieve outcomes that neither humans nor AI could achieve alone. AI can process large amounts of data rapidly while humans are able to make use of the AI capabilities to achieve desirable outcomes. In this chapter, we focus on the use of AI in improving user experience in adaptive learning systems. Particularly, we are concerned with whether and how AI can assist in inducing a state of flow in human users. First, we review the literature on flow and adaptive instruction. Then, we describe an experimental study aiming to test an AI agent designed to coordinate with the human user and induce a state of flow. For the experiment, we developed an interactive version of the game Tetris based on the Meta-T software. In this version, we created a balancing feedback loop intended to keep the human player in a continuous state of flow. The human plays the standard Tetris game while an AI algorithm attempts to determine the player’s skill and dynamically alters the game difficulty to match it. The experimental study pitching this adaptive condition against easy and hard conditions shows that the adaptive condition has a positive effect on a composite criterion made of 60% performance and 40% flow. Arguably, this is a realistic criterion for many human performance domains. The adaptive condition, powered by the AI algorithm, does well on this composite criterion because it avoids the pitfalls of the easy and hard conditions: the easy condition hurts performance while the hard condition hurts flow
Faculty Senate Meeting Agenda and Minutes, December 9, 2024
Get PDFAgenda and minutes from the Wright State University Faculty Senate Meeting held on, December 9, 2024
Are B2B Data Breaches Concerning? Consequences of Buyer’s or Firm’s Data Loss on Buyer and Supplier Related Outcomes
No full textData breaches are becoming a growing concern causing customer data vulnerability levels to increase. Arguably, data breach vulnerabilities are more detrimental in business-to-business (B2B) rather than in business-to-consumer (B2C) settings; yet more is known about B2C than B2B. Building on social contract theory, this research explores the impact of buyer data breach vulnerability if a buyer or buyer firm\u27s information is compromised by a major supplier. An empirical model is proposed and tested. Results from 606 B2B buyers indicate that buyer vulnerabilities reduce buyer trust, whereas it increases their level of dissatisfaction, and their intent to take protective actions and switch to another supplier. Buyer trust increases relationship commitment and brand reputation, while dissatisfaction decreases them. Trust and dissatisfaction fully mediate the relationship from vulnerability to relationship commitment and brand reputation. Loss of a buyer\u27s (buyer’ firm) information impacts not only (supplier-) buyer-related outcomes but also (buyer-) supplier-related outcomes, indicating spillover effects. Furthermore, results indicate the moderating effects of the affected party (whose information is compromised) on the buyer- and supplier-related outcomes as well as relationship quality factors. These findings indicate that B2B data breaches can have detrimental consequences. To mitigate these negative outcomes, managers should emphasize building and sustaining relationship quality, as well as employ good privacy practices through transparent and clear policies and giving users control of their data. An appropriate communication plan to inform the victims of the data breach may also help mitigate the effects of data loss
An Empirical Study of Software Sanitization Locality
No full textThis work introduces the concept of software sanitization locality and conducts empirical measurements. We define software sanitization locality as the property wherein the sanitization operation, if present, remains proximate to its protected API. To quantify this property, we have introduced a range of metrics to illustrate the distance between a sanitization operation and its protected API from various perspectives, including both the abstract syntax tree level and the binary level. In an effort to validate the concept of sanitization locality, we have also gathered and labeled a dataset of programs containing security patches to conduct empirical measurements. This dataset encompasses a diverse array of 16 typical vulner-abilities sourced from the Linux kernel codebase. The findings conclusively illustrate that the analyzed samples do exhibit the hypothesized sanitization locality
Protecting Glen Helen with a Conservation Easement
Get PDFPart 2 of the Protecting Glen Helen with a Conservation Easement presentation. This presentation offers an overview of Glen Helen, a 1,125-acre private nature preserve in Yellow Springs, Ohio, detailing its ecological significance, educational mission, and recent conservation efforts. Nick Boutis describes the preserve’s history, from ancient Indigenous use to its development as a resort and eventual donation to Antioch College. The focus centers on the complex, multi-year collaboration that led to establishing a permanent conservation easement, which now protects the land from development and subdivision. The presentation also highlights Glen Helen’s ongoing stewardship work, including habitat restoration, environmental education, and public programming. The easement’s layered protections and management strategies serve as a model for long-term conservation success
Third Annual Research Symposium Program with Abstracts
Get PDFThe program booklet is a compilation of abstracts from oral and poster presentations at Wright State University\u27s First Annual Boonshoft School of Medicine Medical Research Symposium held on April 4, 2024.https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/bsom_research_symp/1002/thumbnail.jp
Electrochemical-Thermal Model of a Lithium-Ion Battery
Get PDFLithium-ion batteries are an integral component of energy storage systems for renewable energy applications owing to their high energy density. Extensive research has therefore been carried out, utilizing both experimental and computational methods, to aid in a deeper understanding of lithium-ion batteries. Challenges related to efficiency, safety and thermal management persist, particularly during high current draw, extreme temperature conditions and extreme dynamic current operation such as in electric vehicles. This thesis work presents an electrochemical-thermal model of a lithium-ion battery that simulates and analyzes the variation of electrical behavior, chemical behavior and thermal behavior. The electrochemical model is developed by computationally finding solutions to a set of partial differential equations that describe electrochemical and thermal processes in the anode, separator and cathode. These equations are mass conservation in electrodes (cathode and anode), charge conservation in electrodes, mass conservation in the electrolyte, charge conservation in the electrolyte, and a thermal energy balance throughout the battery. In addition, the Butler Volmer equation is used to describe the exchange of lithium ions between the solid electrodes and the electrolyte. The solutions to these equations are found using a finite volume numerical procedure implemented in MATLAB. This computational model builds on the work of Borakhadikar [1] who did not deal with the thermal issue. The results obtained by the developed program are validated against those from Smith and Wang [2] and Gu and Wang [4]. Once it is determined that the program is producing good results, a number of other results are generated for the reader to review. Profiles of the lithium-ion concentrations, profiles of the voltage, and profiles of the temperature across the battery at a given discharge level are presented. In addition, the voltage output and temperature as a function of time are given. The effect of including a temperature simulating routine in the battery model are accessed. The battery’s material properties, like conductivity and diffusion, are examined for different temperature conditions. Such results may be helpful in informing the development of improved lithium-ion batteries. This work therefore contributes toward the advancement of renewable and clean energy by providing a tool that can be used to advance the state-of-the-art in reliable, safe and efficient battery energy storage
A Primer: Regulations and the Practice of Residential Property Appraisal
No full textThis paper presents a chronology, beginning in the early 1900s, of the regulatory environment faced by residential real estate appraisers in the United States. The presentation informs the reader about two financial crises, the savings and loan crisis and the Subprime mortgage crisis. The conditions that led to each crisis, the response of Congress to address each crisis, and the effect of both on residential real estate appraisers are included in the presentation. Prior to these crises, appraisers were basically self-regulated, but today because of concern that inflated appraisals were a contributing cause of the crises they are subject to rules and regulations imposed by both federal, and state authorities. The regulatory measures instituted to address the savings and loan crisis failed to prevent the subsequent Subprime mortgage crisis, and measures instituted to end the Subprime mortgage crisis had unintended negative effects. This begs the question, will the regulations in place now prevent the occurrence of a future crisis
The Effects of Actions and Characteristics in the Perception of Aggressive Intentions : The Case of Russia Border States After the 2022 Invasion of Ukraine
Get PDFHow alliance structures form and why states balance, bandwagon, or remain neutral against other states is an enduring and important question in international relations. This thesis adds to the discussion of how states make alliance decisions by testing whether perceptions matter in predicting state balancing behavior and by proposing a new theoretical framework which allows for a better understanding of the mechanisms which drive the perception of aggressive intentions as a factor within Stephen Walt’s balance of threat theory. In this thesis, I explore the construction of threat through a comparative case study analysis of border states of Russia following the 2022 invasion of Ukraine to explore how differing states responded with varying levels of threat perception of Russia and how actions and characteristics of these states shaped their differing responses in balancing. The case studies for this analysis include Ukraine, Finland, and Mongolia in relation to their perception of threat of Russian aggressive intentions
Friends of the Libraries Newsletter, Spring 2024
Get PDFThis two page newsletter details updates and events by the Wright State Dunbar Library and the Friends of the Libraries.https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/fol_newsletter/1012/thumbnail.jp