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Estudio de heterorresistencia antibiótica, regulación epigenómica e inactivación génica programable durante la infección respiratoria por Haemophilus influenzae
No full textTrabajo presentado para lograr el título de Doctor por la Universidad Pública de Navarra, Departamento de Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación, Programa de Doctorado en Biotecnología.--Calificación: Sobresaliente Cum Laude[ES] Este trabajo de Tesis Doctoral aborda tres aspectos clave en el estudio de la infección respiratoria por el patógeno oportunista Haemophilus influenzae, centrados en mecanismos alternativos a la resistencia antibiótica asociados al fallo terapeútico (Capítulo 1), la regulación epigenética de la expresión génica (Capítulo 2), y el desarrollo de herramientas de ingeniería genética innovadoras para estudios funcionales de genes bacterianos a escala genómica (Capítulo 3). H. influenzae está incluido en la Lista de Patógenos Prioritarios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud para los que el desarrollo de nuevos antimicrobianos se considera una prioridad sanitaria, en este caso debido a su resistencia creciente a ampicilina. Además de la resistencia, la heterorresistencia, tolerancia y persistencia antibiótica contribuyen al fallo terapéutico, y no son detectados mediante procedimientos estandarizados en la práctica clínica. El imipenem es un antibiótico carbapenémico útil en el tratamiento inicial-empírico de infecciones graves debido a su baja toxicidad y baja resistencia. [...][EN] This PhD Thesis addresses three key aspects on the study of respiratory infections caused by the opportunistic pathogen Haemophilus influenzae, by focusing on mechanisms different to antibiotic resistance but associated to therapeutic failure (Chapter 1), on the epigenetic regulation of gene expression (Chapter 2), and on the development of innovative genetic engineering tools for genome-wide gene functional studies in H. influenzae (Chapter 3). H. influenzae, due to its increasing resistance to ampicillin, is included in the World Health Organization’s List of Priority Pathogens for which the development of new antimicrobials is a health priority worldwide. In addition to resistance, there are other mechanisms, such as antibiotic heteroresistance, tolerance or persistence, which are underdetected through standardized procedures in the clinical practice but contribute to therapeutic failure. Carbapenem antibiotics, such as imipenem, are useful for initial empirical treatment of severe infections due to their low toxicity and low resistance rates. [...]AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/RTI2018-096369-B-I0
Marking Bolinus brandaris (Gastropoda: Muricidae) shells
No full text6 pages, 2 figures, 1 table.-- Data availability: Data will be made available on request.Marking biominerals is a well-established technique for validating and monitoring the growth of calcified marine organisms. Bolinus brandaris, a commercially valuable gastropod in the Mediterranean and Portugal, has an unknown growth and age profile, which hinders its exploitation. The main objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of several shell-marking techniques: two external marks (plastic label tags and nail polish), and internal calcein staining at two concentrations (30 and 60 mg·L−1) and immersion times (3 and 6 hours). After 454 days, mortality remained low, and external marks were well preserved. Of the combinations here tested, calcein treatment at 60 mg·L−1 for 3 hours yielded the clearest fluorescence and best experimental handling. These findings support the combined use of external and internal marking of shells as a reliable method for growth studies in support of science-backed fisheries management decisions.Grant reference PID2021–124169OB-I00 (FishBolin project) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/201100011033 and by ERDF/EU. Mrs. S. Pérez-Mayol’s salary was funded by the grant PTA-2021–020920-I funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/201100011033 and FSE+.With the institutional support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S)Peer reviewe
Two datasets on objective descriptive and substantive representation with a particular focus on gender equality, climate change and migration
No full textPeer reviewe
Characterisation of EAF black slags oriented to iron recovery using hydrogen
No full textEuroslag24
Siderex - UNESID - PLATAFORMA TECNOLÓGICA ESPAÑOLA DEL ACEROThe steel production in the electric arc furnace (EAF) is continually growing, to the detriment of the BF-BOF process. According to the global steel production in 2022, the total iron loss to the EAF slag amounted to 25 million tons. This number will increase as more steel is recycled. Therefore, the development of sustainable iron recovery methodologies from EAF black slags will enhance the circularity of the steel industry by providing alternative iron sources.
Industrial EAF black slags were characterized in detail with the goal of designing an iron recovery process based on hydrogen reduction. To that end, the quantity and form of the recoverable iron within the slags was determined. The particle size distribution was evaluated, elemental analysis was conducted using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), crystalline and amorphous phases present were determined through Rietveld refinements of their X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, and the morpho-compositional study of the slags was performed by light optical and scanning electron microscopy (LOM, SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy microanalysis. Additionally, the physicochemical properties of the slags were analysed using FactSage 8.3 and empirical models. The analysed slags contain around 34 wt.% Fe, of which 60% belongs to the amorphous phase, and the rest to crystalline phases, mainly wüstite (FeO), forming solid solutions with Mg and Mn, and spinel (Fe(Cr,Al)2O4, Fe3O4). These results allowed us to design a campaign of hydrogen reduction experiments.Peer reviewe
Insights into the second-known polychaete-asteroid symbiosis, involving a new species of Inermosyllis associated with Luidia maculata
No full textMarine symbioses involving polychaetes are widespread across the world’s oceans, with Echinodermata as prominent hosts and Asteroidea (sea stars) accounting for approximately 7% of the interactions. The species-rich family Syllidae (Annelida: Polychaeta), with over 1,100 species across 80 genera, is particularly known for its diverse lifestyles, including free-living, commensal, and parasitic forms. Despite a considerable number of syllid species could be expected to live in association with echinoderms, only five have been documented, comprising two living on brittle stars, two on sea cucumbers, and only one on a sea star, Trypanobia asterobia from Japan. During different biodiversity surveys in Nha Trang Bay (south-central Vietnam), over 30 symbiotic polychaete species were documented, including numerous syllids. Most of these were associated with sponges, but an unidentified species of Inermosyllis was found on the asteroid Luidia maculata. Specimens of this symbiotic syllid were extracted, preserved in ethanol, examined, and photographed, leading to the formal description of Inermosyllis asteriakavalaris sp. nov. This new species differs from its four known congeners due to its unique association with an asteroid and its chaetae with bidentate blades, which are partially or almost entirely fused to shafts. Molecular analysis could not clarify its phylogenetic relationships, preventing reevaluating the validity of the genus. However it clearly differs from T. asterobia, thus supporting that symbiosis with asteroids has appeared independently at least twice within the subfamily. This finding represents the fifth-known species of Inermosyllis, the first report of the genus in the tropical western Pacific, and the second-known asteroid-associated syllid.This paper is a contribution of DM to the Consolidated Research Group on Marine Benthic Ecology of the Generalitat de Catalunya (2021SGR00405), and TAB and SSZ to the grant RSF 24-14-00288 from the Russian Science Foundation.Peer reviewe
Flash Joule Heating-Boro/Carbothermal Reduction (FJH-BCTR): An approach for the instantaneous synthesis of transition metal diborides
No full textTransition metal diborides (TMB2), such as ZrB2 and HfB2, are a class of ultra-high-temperature ceramics (UHTCs) that have attracted considerable attention due to their performance in extreme environments. Their implementation is burdened by the high energetic requirement of traditional synthetic procedures. Here, we report a novel methodology, termed as Flash Joule Heating-Boro/Carbothermal Reduction (FJH-BCTR), for the instantaneous synthesis of phase-pure sub-micron powders of several TMB2 and composite within seconds and without any external source of heating. The immediate synthesis is attributed to the Joule heat generated by the current, enabling extremely fast heating and cooling rates and, therefore, avoiding excessive grain growth. The advantages of FJH-BCTR are thoroughly displayed and can be summarized as; highly efficient, it allows a dramatic drop in terms of energy and time; universal, several TMB2 and composite can be prepared; and flexible, different experimental parameters can be tuned to achieve the desired phase.This work has been funded by EU Next Generation funds and Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (projects TED2021-131839B–C22 and PDC2021-121552-C21). Funding from Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2022-140815OB-C22 and PID2022-141199OA-I00) is also acknowledged.Peer reviewe
Photonic and phononic characterization of twisted acoustoplasmonic nanostructures
No full textTrabajo presentado en 14th International Conference on Metamaterials, Photonic Crystals and Plasmonics, celebrado en Toyama (Japón), del 16 al 19 de julio de 202
Catalogues of isolated galaxies, isolated pairs, and isolated triplets in the local Universe
Get PDFContext. The construction of catalogues of galaxies and the a posteriori study of galaxy properties in relation to their environment have been hampered by scarce redshift information. The new 3-dimensional (3D) surveys permit small, faint, physically bound satellites to be distinguished from a background-projected galaxy population, giving a more comprehensive 3D picture of the surroundings. Aims. We aim to provide representative samples of isolated galaxies, isolated pairs, and isolated triplets for testing galaxy evolution and secular processes in low density regions of the local Universe, as well as to characterise their local and large-scale environments. Methods. We used spectroscopic data from the tenth data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-DR10) to automatically and homogeneously compile catalogues of 3702 isolated galaxies, 1240 isolated pairs, and 315 isolated triplets in the local Universe (z ≤ 0:080). To quantify the effects of their local and large-scale environments, we computed the projected density and the tidal strength for the brightest galaxy in each sample. Results. We find evidence of isolated pairs and isolated triplets that are physically bound at projected separations up to d ≤ 450 kpc with radial velocity difference Δv ≤ 160 km s-1, where the effect of the companion typically accounts for more than 98% of the total tidal strength a ecting the central galaxy. For galaxies in the catalogues, we provide their positions, redshifts, and degrees of relation with their physical and large-scale environments. The catalogues are publicly available to the scientific community. Conclusions. For isolated galaxies, isolated pairs, and isolated triplets, there is no difference in their degree of interaction with the large-scale structure (up to 5 Mpc), which may suggest that they have a common origin in their formation and evolution. We find that most of them belong to the outer parts of filaments, walls, and clusters, and generally differ from the void population of galaxies. © ESO 2015.This work was partially supported by MICINN of Spain via grants AYA2011-24728, and from the “Junta de Andaluca” local government through the FQM-108 project. This work was partially supported by Grant AYA2011-30491-C02-01, co-financed by MICINN and FEDER funds, and the Junta de Andalucia (Spain) grants P08-FQM-4205 and TIC-114, as well as under the EU 7th Framework Programme in the area of Digital Libraries and Digital Preservation (ICT-2009.4.1) Project reference: 270192. MAF is also grateful for financial support from PIFI (funded by Chinese Academy of Sciences President’s International Fellowship Initiative) Grant No. 2015PM056. This work was partly supported by the Strategic Priority Research Programme “The Emergence of Cosmological Structures” of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS; grant XDB09030200), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) with the Project Number of 11433003 and the “973 Programme” 2014 CB845705. Funding for SDSS-III was provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the US Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/. SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of Cambridge, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. This research made use of python (http://www.python.org), of Matplotlib (Hunter 2007), a suite of open-source python modules that provides a framework for creating scientific plots, and Astropy, a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013). This research made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research made use of NASA’s Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services. We also acknowledge the use of STILTS and TOPCAT tools (Taylor 2005)
Constraining a relativistic mean field model using neutron star mass-radius measurements II: Hyperonic models
No full textWe investigate whether measurements of the neutron star mass and radius or the tidal deformability can provide information about the presence of hyperons inside a neutron star. This is achieved by considering two inference models, with and without hyperons, based on a field theoretical approach. While current observations do not distinguish between the two scenarios, we have shown that data simulating expected observations from future large-area X-ray timing telescopes could provide some information through Bayes’ factors. Inference using simulated data generated from an equation of state containing hyperons decisively favours the hyperonic model over the nucleonic model. However, a 2 per cent uncertainty in the mass and radius determination may not be sufficient to constrain the parameters of the model when only six neutron star mass–radius measurements are considered.CH acknowledges support from an Arts & Sciences Fellowship at Washington University in St. Louis and NASA grant 80NSSC24K1095. LT’s work was supported under contract no. PID2022-139427NB-I00 financed by the Spanish MCIN/AEI/FEDER,UE and from the project CEX2020-001058-M Unidad de Excelencia ‘María de Maeztu’. Moreover, this project has received funding from the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the program H2020-INFRAIA-2018-1, grant agreement no. 824093 of the STRONG-2020 project, from the CRC-TR 211 ‘Strong-interaction matter under extreme conditions’ – project no. 315477589 – TRR 211, from the Generalitat de Catalunya under contract 2021 SGR 00171, and from the Generalitat Valenciana under contract CIPROM/2023/59. CP received support from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), I.P., Portugal, under the projects UIDB/04564/2020 (doi:10.54499/UIDB/04564/2020), UIDP/04564/2020 (doi:10.54499/UIDP/04564/2020), and 2022.06460.PTDC (doi:10.54499/2022.06460.PTDC). AW acknowledges support from ERC Consolidator Grant No. 865768 AEONS. Computations were carried out on the HELIOS cluster on dedicated nodes funded via this grant.With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (CEX2020-001058-M)Peer reviewe