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Roman farmers in Eastern Iberia: A spatial, geoarchaeological and bioarchaeological approach to agrarian strategies.
No full textThe aim of this paper is to present the archaeological data that allows us to characterise the agrarian practices of Roman farmers through the study of cultivated fields. To undertake this research, we designed an analytical strategy combining spatial analysis, microstratigraphic analysis through soil micromorphology and physical- chemical analyses of bulk soil samples, and archaeobotanical analyses including palynology, phytoliths and geochemical analysis. All this has allowed us to obtain data of interest for the reconstruction of agrarian land use and to establish a methodological basis for developing future research. This high-resolution, multiscalar, and multianalytical approach pursues to characterise these archaeological contexts to singularize intensive agricultural practices developed in terraced field. The creation of this Roman peasant landscape is related to a specific models of socioeconomic organisation of agricultural work based on the household and its workforce as a determining vector in agrarian intensification.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación under Grant MICINN PID2019-107264GB-I00 Paisajes romanos en el sur de la Tarraconense. Análisis arqueológico de la estructura territorial y modelo socio-económico
Using Ionic Liquids to Improve CO2 Capture
No full textMost of our energy consumption proceeds from the use of fossil fuels and the production of natural gas. However, the presence of impurities in this gas, like CO, makes treatment necessary to avoid further concerns, such as greenhouse gas emissions, the corrosion of industrial equipment, etc.; thus, the development of CO capture and storage procedures is of the utmost importance in order to decrease CO production and mitigate its contribution to global warming. Among the CO capture processes available, three separation technologies are being used to achieve this goal: absorption, adsorption and membranes. To overcome some limitations of these methodologies, the joint use of these technologies with ionic liquids is gaining interest. The present work reviewed the most recent developments (for 2024) in CO capture using ionic liquids coupled to absorption-, adsorption- or membrane-based processes.This research was funded by CSIC, grant number CSIC-Project 202250E019
Very Large Telescope deep echelle spectroscopy of Galactic planetary nebulae NGC 6153, M 1-42 and Hf 2-2
No full textWe present deep spectroscopy of three Galactic planetary nebulae (PNe) with large abundance discrepancy factors: NGC 6153, M 1-42 and Hf 2-2. The spectra were obtained with Very Large Telescope/Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph and cover the whole optical range (3040-11 000 Å) with a spectral resolution of ∼20 000. For all three PNe, several hundred emission lines were detected and identified, with more than 70 per cent of them as permitted lines. Most of these permitted lines are excited by recombination. Numerous weak optical recombination lines (ORLs) of OII, CII, NII and Ne II were detected in the spectra and accurate fluxes measured. Line flux tables were compiled and ready for use by the community of nebular astrophysics. These ORLs were critically analysed using the effective recombination coefficients recently calculated for the optical recombination spectrum of NII and OII under the physical conditions of photoionized gaseous nebulae. Plasma diagnostics based on the heavy element ORLs were carried out using the new atomic data. Elemental abundances derived from the ORLs were systematically higher than those derived from the collisionally excited lines (CELs) by a factor of ∼11, 22 and 80 for NGC 6153, M 1-42 and Hf 2-2, respectively. The electron temperatures derived from the heavy element ORLs are systematically lower than those derived from the CELs. These ORL versus CEL abundance and temperature discrepancies, previously observed in the three PNe through deep spectroscopy with medium to low spectral resolution, are thus confirmed by our analysis of the deep echelle spectra using the new atomic data. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society.This work is based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory, Chile. Proposal ID ESO 69.D-0174(A). We thank the anonymous referee, whose comments and suggestions have greatly improved this paper. Yong Zhang from the University of Hong Kong (HKU) is acknowledged for discussion. We thank Peter J. Storey from University College London (UCL) for providing us the effective recombination coefficients of the O ii nebular lines as well as some of the Ne ii 4f – 3d transitions before publication. Support from the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10933001) is acknowledged
Estudio de la distribución de la humedad en la zona no saturada en sistemas de recarga gestionada suelo-acuífero
No full textLa creciente demanda de agua de calidad insta a desarrollar estrategias
ambientalmente sostenibles para promover la reutilización y el reciclaje del agua.
Los sistemas de recarga gestionada y, en particular los Sistemas Suelo-Acuífero
(SAT en inglés) han demostrado su eficiencia en la mejora de la calidad del agua
al reducir la mayoría de los contaminantes presentes en estas aguas mediante
procesos como la biodegradación, la retención y la sorción.
Dentro de estos sistemas, la zona no saturada (ZNS) juega un papel fundamental
en la mejora de la calidad del agua. En esta zona, debido a los cambios en las
condiciones físico-químicas se produce un aumento en la actividad biológica que
favorece la biodegradación. Además, la convivencia de la fase sólida, líquida y
gaseosa, aumenta las superficies disponibles para la adsorción, favoreciendo los
procesos de retención de patógenos y coloides.
Durante la recarga, el frente de hidratación-drenado de la ZNS parece que sigue
un patrón con la profundidad, pero, debido a la heterogeneidad, el agua de
recarga empieza a hidratar el suelo a través de caminos preferentes y, a partir de
aquí irá hidratando el resto del medio, y lo mismo ocurre durante el drenado.
Dependiendo del tiempo que dure la recarga, el caudal y su forma de gestión, la
forma de hidratar el medio puede ser diferente, y esto puede condicionar el
volumen de medio en el que se forman las colonias bacterianas, el crecimiento
del biofilm, las superficies de contacto, y con ello los procesos de degradación de
los contaminantes
Habitat loss and discontinuity as drivers of habitat fragmentation: The role of contamination and connectivity of habitats
No full textHabitat discontinuity of aquatic environments is a serious problem that might hamper the different activities performed by organisms. When combined with contamination, the consequences for the population's dynamics might be exacerbated, particularly regarding foraging activity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the combined effects of habitat discontinuity and contamination on the foraging behavior by zebrafish (Danio rerio) and on their ability to explore heterogeneous landscapes. The organisms were exposed to three different scenarios of contamination (0, 0.5 and 25 μg L-1 of Cu) and habitat discontinuity (zero, low and high), using the Heterogeneous Multi-Habitat Assay System (HeMHAS). Generalized Bayesian linear models were used to analyze the data and evidence ratios (ER) were used to test the hypotheses. As results, both high levels of contamination and habitat discontinuity had significant effects on the probability of organisms to reach food (ER = 111.8 and > 1,000, respectively), the time taken to reach food (ER = 532.22 and > 1000, respectively) and the time spent in each compartment (ER = 614.4 and > 1000 for contamination and the number of connections available, respectively). As conclusion, the habitat fragmentation as a consequence of contamination and discontinuity affected the probability of fish to reach food and the time spent to reach it. This could lead to additional energy budget with serious consequences for population dynamics. Also, the HeMHAS demonstrated its suitability to assess the role of the contamination and habitat connectivity stressors in the spatial distribution and habitat selection response.This research was funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (BrEStress project: PID 2019-105868RA-I00) and MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE (BeingHavior project: PID2022-137402OB-I00). D.S. thanks the Andalusian Regional Government for the financing of the pre-doctoral contract as part of the Andalusian Research, Development and Innovation Plan (PAIDI 2020). M.P.G thanks the Youth Guarantee initiative of the Spanish Public Employment Service and the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) for the AND21_ICMAN_M2_115 contract financed by the European Union's Structural and Investment Funds.Peer reviewe
The Gaia-ESO Survey: Inhibited extra mixing in two giants of the open cluster Trumpler 20?
No full textSmiljanic, R. et al.--Full list of authors: Smiljanic, R.; Franciosini, E.; Randich, S.; Magrini, L.; Bragaglia, A.; Pasquini, L.; Vallenari, A.; Tautvaišienė, G.; Biazzo, K.; Frasca, A.; Donati, P.; Delgado Mena, E.; Casey, A. R.; Geisler, D.; Villanova, S.; Tang, B.; Sousa, S. G.; Gilmore, G.; Bensby, T.; François, P.; Koposov, S. E.; Lanzafame, A. C.; Pancino, E.; Recio-Blanco, A.; Costado, M. T.; Hourihane, A.; Lardo, C.; de Laverny, P.; Lewis, J.; Monaco, L.; Morbidelli, L.; Sacco, G. G.; Worley, C. C.; Zaggia, S.; Martell, S.We report the discovery of two Li-rich giants, with A(Li) ~ 1.50, in an analysis of a sample of 40 giants of the open cluster Trumpler 20 (with turnoff mass ~1.8 M). The cluster was observed in the context of the Gaia-ESO Survey. Methods. The atmospheric parameters and Li abundances were derived using high-resolution UVES spectra. The Li abundances were corrected for nonlocal thermodynamical equilibrium (non-LTE) effects. Results. Only upper limits of the Li abundance could be determined for the majority of the sample. Two giants with detected Li turned out to be Li rich: star MG 340 has A(Li) = 1.54 ± 0.21 dex and star MG 591 has A(Li) = 1.60 ± 0.21 dex. Star MG 340 is on average ~0.30 dex more rich in Li than stars of similar temperature, while for star MG 591 this difference is on average ~0.80 dex. Carbon and nitrogen abundances indicate that all stars in the sample have completed the first dredge-up. Conclusions. The Li abundances in this unique sample of 40 giants in one open cluster clearly show that extra mixing is the norm in this mass range. Giants with Li abundances in agreement with the predictions of standard models are the exception. To explain the two Li-rich giants, we suggest that all events of extra mixing have been inhibited. This includes rotation-induced mixing during the main sequence and the extra mixing at the red giant branch luminosity bump. Such inhibition has been suggested in the literature to occur because of fossil magnetic fields in red giants that are descendants of main-sequence Ap-type stars. © ESO, 2016.We thank the anonymous referee for his/her suggestions and very fast report. R.S. acknowledges support by the National Science Center of Poland through grant 2012/07/B/ST9/04428. S.V. gratefully acknowledges the support provided by FONDECYT reg. n. 1130721. G.T. acknowledges support by the Research Council of Lithuania (MIP-082/2015). D.G. gratefully acknowledges support from the Chilean BASAL Centro de Excelencia en Astrofísica y Tecnologías Afines (CATA) grant PFB-06/2007. S.G.S. acknowledges the support from FCT through Investigador FCT contract of reference IF/00028/2014. E.D.M. acknowledges the support from FCT in the form of the grant SFRH/BPD/76606/2011. S.G.S. and E.D.M. also acknowledge the support from FCT through the project PTDC/FIS-AST/7073/2014. Based on data products from observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under program ID 188.B-3002. These data products have been processed by the Cambridge Astronomy Survey Unit (CASU) at the Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, and by the FLAMES/UVES reduction team at INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri. These data have been obtained from the Gaia-ESO Survey Data Archive, prepared and hosted by the Wide Field Astronomy Unit, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, which is funded by the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. This work was partly supported by the European Union FP7 program through ERC grant number 320360 and by the Leverhulme Trust through grant RPG-2012-541. We acknowledge the support from INAF and Ministero dell’ Istruzione, dell’ Università’ e della Ricerca (MIUR) in the form of the grant “Premiale VLT 2012” and “The Chemical and Dynamical Evolution of the Milky Way and Local Group Galaxies”. The results presented here benefit from discussions held during the Gaia-ESO workshops and conferences supported by the ESF (European Science Foundation) through the GREAT Research Network Programme
Empleo de zeolitas fabricadas a partir de residuos industriales en la preparación de materiales de base cemento
No full textSAMson: an automated brain extraction tool for rodents using SAM
No full text[Description of methods used for collection/generation of data]
D1: Images acquired on a 7-T scanner (Bruker, BioSpec 70/30, Ettlingen, Germany) using a T2-weighted RARE (Rapid Acquisition with Relaxation Enhancement) sequence.
D2: Images acquired on a 7-T scanner (Bruker, BioSpec 70/30, Ettlingen, Germany) equipped with an actively shielded gradient system using a T2-weighted sequence.
D3: Images acquired on a 11.4-T MRI scanner (Bruker BioSpec USR 117/16, Ettlingen, Germany) using a T2-weighted RARE sequence.[Methods for processing the data] Panadero Soler, Daniel; Kotb Selim, Mohamed; Martínez-Tazo, Patricia; Muñoz-Moreno, Emma; Ramos-Cabrer, Pedro; López-Larrubia, Pilar; De Santis, Silvia; Canals, Santiago; Pertusa, Antonio; 2025; SAMson: an automated brain extraction tool for rodents using SAM [Dataset]; BioRxiv; https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.03.07.583982S.C. acknowledges support from PCI2024-153491 funded by MICIU /AEI /10.130 39/501100011033 and UE, PID2021-128158NB-C21 funded by MICIU/10.13039/ 50110 0011033 and FEDER, UE, CEX2021-001165-S funded by MICIU/AEI /10.13039/50110 0011033 and Excellence Grant CIPROM/2022/15 and INVESTIGO INVEST/2022/396 funded by the Generalitat Valenciana and Next Generation EU. S.D.S. was supported by the the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (PID2021-128909NA-I00 and CNS2023-14488 ), by the Programs for Centres of Excellence in R\&D Severo Ochoa (CEX2021-001165-S), and by the Generalitat Valenciana through a Subvencion para la contratación de investigadoras e investigadores doctores de excelencia 2021 (CIDEGENT/2021/015) and by a Fundación Pasqual Maragall Research Programme (2024 call). P.L-L. was funded by grant PID2021-122528OB-I00 funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE. Some of the mice used in this study were generated in the project funded by MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE grants PID2022-141700OB-I00, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and CB/07/09/0034 Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM, Bortolozzi A). In addition, the funding sources acknowledged in:
1) Mateu-Bosch A, Segur-Bailach E, Muñoz-Moreno E, Barallobre MJ, Arbonés ML, Gea-Sorlí S, et al. Systemic delivery of AAV-GCDH ameliorates HLDinduced phenotype in a glutaric aciduria type I mouse model. Molecular Therapy - Methods & Clinical Development. 2024;32(3):101276. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2329050124000925.
and 2) Haddad-Tóvolli R, Ramírez S, Muñoz-Moreno E, Milà-Guasch M, Miquel-Rio L, Pozo M, et al. Food craving-like episodes during pregnancy are mediated by accumbal dopaminergic circuits. Nature Metabolism. 2022 Apr;4(4):424-34. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-022-00557-1.With funding from the Spanish government through the "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation (CEX2021-001165-S).Peer reviewe
Informe de transferencia de conocimiento
No full textCiencia para las Políticas Públicas - Science 4 Policy.-- Coordinado por: María Begoña García, Mario Díaz,
Daniel Oro, Esperança Gacia, David Martín, Jaime Bosch, Paola Laiolo.El CSIC tiene entre sus funciones las de informar, asistir y asesorar en materia de ciencia y tecnología a entidades públicas y privadas, según recoge el artículo 5 de su estatuto. Enmarcado en esta función, el informe La pérdida de la biodiversidad en el actual escenario de cambio global se presenta como un documento dirigido a Administraciones y a la sociedad en general. En él, se analiza la complejidad e importancia social de la biodiversidad para la vida en la tierra, así como las principales causas y consecuencias de su pérdida a lo largo de los años. Asimismo, este trabajo recoge algunas de las líneas principales de actuación que está llevando a cabo el CSIC para el abordaje de esta problemática a nivel nacional relacionadas con su conservación a largo plazo, la legislación y la ordenación del territorio o actividades de evaluación científica para revertir ciertas tendencias. También incluye las principales aportaciones de la institución a las grandes líneas políticas a nivel internacional, especialmente, en el ámbito europeo.Peer reviewe