Jurnal Sylva Lestari
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Struktur Tegakan dan Serapan Karbon pada Hutan Sekunder Kelompok Hutan Muara Merang, Sumatera Selatan (Vegetation Structure and Carbon Stocks in Secondary Forests of Muara Merang Forest Complex, South Sumatera)
Full text linkPrimary natural forests generally have higher biodiversity and biomass compared to secondary forests. This study aimed to analyze the species composition, forest structure, biomass and carbon stock in the Old Secondary Forest (HST), Young Secondary Forest (HSM), and Old Shrub Forest (HBT) in Peatland Protection Area, Musi Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera Province. Forest inventory was conducted in measurement plots of 100 m x 100 m in the HST, HSM, and HBT. The results recorded 39 species of 20 families and 565 standing trees with a diameter of ≥ 10 in the HST, 48 species of 20 families and 430 standing trees in the HSM, and 2 species of 1 family and 4 standing trees in the HBT. Vegetation at the tree level in the HST was dominated by Eugenia sp., Alseodaphne insignis, and Adenanthera pavonina, while the HSM was dominated by Macaranga maingayi, Koompassia malaccensis, and Alseodaphne insignis, and the HBT was dominated by Acacia mangium and Acacia crassicarpa. The biomass and carbon stock of standing trees in the HST were 181,61 t/ha and 90,79 t C/ha, respectively; in the HSM were 117,04 t/ha and 58,51 t C/ha; while in the HBT were 1,33 t/ha and 0,66 t C/ha. The results revealed that carbon stock in the HST was higher than that in the HSM and HST.Keywords: carbon stocks, carbon uptake, Musi Banyuasin, peatlands, vegetation structur
Peak Discharge in Jemelak Subwatershed, Sintang District
Full text linkJemelak Sub Watershed is close to the junction of two big rivers, i.e., Kapuas and Melawi. Therefore, this location faces environmental issues such as a flood. To avoid its possible damages, information on peak discharge becomes critical, particularly in calculating the drainage structure. This study was aimed to predict the peak discharge in this area using a rational method. The maximum daily rainfall data from 1998 to 2017 were divided into two periods of 10 years and analyzed. In the first period, maximum rainfall rangesfrom98.6 to 176.3 mm, while the second period fluctuates from67.6 to 190 mm. Analysis of land cover described that 43.97% of secondary swamp forests turned into shrubs and swamp shrubs in the first period. Furthermore, about 800.71 ha of secondary swamp forest tuned into 582.80 ha of bare land, 181.04 ha of a plantation, and 36.88 ha of swamp shrubs in the second period. About 95.15% of shrubs were also turned into agricultural land mixed with shrubs in the second period. The result showed that the changes in the maximum daily rainfall and land cover simultaneously affected the improvement of the peak discharge by about 2.53% in the first period and 28.30% in the second period. If the peak discharge exceeds the river capacity, then the local flooding will occur along the river border. Keywords: land cover, peak discharge, rainfall, Jemela
Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Obat oleh Masyarakat Sekitar Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) Bukit Kelam, Kabupaten Sintang, Kalimantan Barat (The Utilization of Medicinal Plants by Communities around Bukit Kelam Nature Park, Sintang Regency, West Kalimantan)
Full text linkBukit Kelam Nature Park has a high diversity of flora, including medicinal plants. This study aimed to analyze the medicinal plants in Bukit Kelam Nature Park with high use value (UV), agreement of community's (informant consensus factor/ICF) in utilizing plant species for specific usage categories, and preferred medicinal plants for the treatment of particular usage (fidelity level/FL). Data was collected through field surveys and interview with respondents in Kebong, Merpak, and Kelam Sejahtera villages. Purposive sampling was used to determine the number of the respondent, and the number of respondents was 30% of the total number of the households (351 respondents). The results showed that 84,61% of respondents used 198 species of medicinal plants. Eleven species had high UV, and 5 of them were Curcuma longa (0,3761), Piper betle (0,2422), Psidium guajava (0,2308), Syzygium polyantum (0,1510), and Eleutherine bulbosa (0,1481). The high ICF for the usage category were for body odor, bad breath, diet, acne, nosebleeds, coughs, diarrhea, hypertension, and internal injuries. Fifty-eight species had high FL values (100%), and 5 of them were Erythrina subumbrans (fever), Heliconia rostrata (diabetes), Hippobroma longiflora (dysentery), Cassia alata (skin infection), and Baccaurea motleyana (sore eyes). Keywords: Bukit Kelam, conservation, local wisdom, traditional medicin
Ergonomic Analysis of Traditional Pine Oleoresin Tapping: Musculoskeletal Disorders, Cumulative Fatigue, and Job Satisfaction
Full text linkPine oleoresin is a valuable non-timber forest product commodity in Indonesia. A traditional tapping using small-sized hoes ("kadukul" in Sundanese or "pethel" in Javanese) are widely applied. Given the protection of occupational safety and health is a worker's right, various ergonomic issues were discussed in this study. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) was examined by using Standardized Nordic Questionnaire and Wong-Baker Pain Rating Scale instruments, physical-mental-social fatigue was measured by Cumulative Fatigue Symptoms Index (CFSI), and job satisfaction was tested from eight variables such as wage, employment status, accessibility, health service, living facilities, work equipment, training, and social facility. This study revealed that most of the workers suffered from intense MSDs in the shoulder, arm, wrist, hand, thigh, calf, and foot (mostly right body side). This finding was in line with the CFSI analysis. The common fatigue symptoms suffered by the workers were in the category of the physical dimension, such as in sub-dimensions of general fatigue, chronics fatigue, and physical disorder. The job satisfaction analysis confirmed that two variables, i.e., wage and employment status, influenced job satisfaction significantly in a positive association. Proper personal protective equipment and workaid, working techniques improvement that meets occupational safety and health standard, and safety behavior incentive should be considered as effective strategies in improving the worker's safety and health protection.Keywords: forest harvesting, forestry worker, non-timber forest product, physical fatigue, safet
Nilai Ekonomi Arboretum Sylva Universitas Tanjungpura Pontianak (Economic Value of the Sylva Arboretum of the Tanjungpura University Pontianak)
Full text linkSylva Untan Arboretum has high biodiversity. However, these values and benefits are not yet known by many parties, hence the existence of the Sylva Untan Arboretum could be changed. The purpose of this study was to determine the economic value of the Sylva Untan Arboretum. The study was conducted using a survey method. Primary data was collected through observation and interviews, while secondary data was collected from various literature. The economic value was calculated using three methods, namely the market price method, substitution cost method, and contingency method. The data were analyzed using an analysis of total economic value. The results showed that the economic value of Sylva Untan Arboretum was IDR 15.346.872.680 per year. Economic value in the form of service benefits (intangible) was higher than the tangible value. The measurement of the economic value of Sylva Untan Arboretum can be done using other approaches and methods that are more holistic as a comparison of existing economic values especially for several values, such as biomass value, water absorption, and land rent. The measurement of the economic value of the Sylva Untan Arboretum needs to be developed to make a positive contribution to the people living around it, as well as decision making in land use.Keywords: arboretum, benefit, ecosystem, economic valuatio
Pengaruh Tinggi Muka Air terhadap Kejadian Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Gambut: Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin (Effects of Groundwater Level on the Occurrence of Forest and Peatland Fires: A Case of Study in Musi Banyuasin Regency)
Full text linkGround water level (GWL) is one of the indicators to predict potential fires on peatlands. Other factors, such as rainfall and hotspots, could also trigger peatland and forest fires. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between rainfall GWL, rainfall, and hotspots as indicators of forest and land fires in Musi Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra Province. The GWL data, hotspot distribution, rainfall data were processed using ArcGIS 10.6 software. Pearson bivariate correlation test was performed to determine the relationship between GWL, hotspot distribution, and rainfall. The results showed a decrease in rainfall, followed by an increase in hotspots, particularly during the dry season. The lowest rainfall and GWL occurred in July – August 2018. The increase in rainfall was not followed by the GWL increase that reflected a degraded and dry peatland condition, which could cause a decrease of peat ability to absorb and store water properly. The results also showed an inverse relationship between hotspots and GWL, which means that a decrease in the GWL will follow the increase in hotspots and vice versa. This explains that the increase of hotspots contributed to a drought on the GWL of the peatlands. Keywords: ground water level, forest fire, hotspot, Musi Banyuasin, peatland, rainfal
Pengaruh Naungan Pohon terhadap Keanekaragaman Dung Beetle di Blok Pemanfaatan Tahura Wan Abdul Rachman (Effects of Tree Shading on the Dung Beetle Biodiversity in the Utilization Block of Wan Abdul Rachman Great Forest Park)
Full text linkBioindicator of the level of destruction of tropical forests and habitats can be seen from the presence of dung beetle. Dung beetle plays an important role in regulating the function of ecosystems. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of tree shading on the dung beetle diversity in the the Utilization Block of Wan Abdul Rachman Great Forest Park (Tahura WAR). The method used was the trap method. Traps were planted parallel to the soil, then the collected data was analyzed with diversity index (H`), evenness index (E), and abundance index (E). The results found three species of dung beetles, namely Cattarsius mollosus, Onthopagus sp, and Aphodius marginellus. Diversity index of dung beetle in the area with tree shading (H '= 1.09) was greater than without tree shading (H' = 0 ,9). The evennes index (E) and abundance index (R) of dung beetle in the area with tree shading were E = 0.99 and R = 0.66, while without tree shading were E = 0.82 and R = 0.96. Comparison of the diversity of dung beetle in the the area with tree shading and without shading was 21: 8. This means that the dung beetle could maintain a stable population under tree shading. Dung beetle prefers the area with tree shading due to its suitability for the flight activity, suitable habitat condition, and the availability of food sources. The management of Tahura WAR is expected to increase land cover so that the existing ecosystems could remain sustainable.Key words: biodiversity, dung beetle, Tahura WAR, tree shadin
Pengaruh Torefaksi dengan Reaktor Counter-Flow Multi Baffle (COMB) dan Electric Furnace terhadap Pelet Kayu Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) (Effects of Torefaction with Counter-Flow Multi Baffle (COMB) Reactor and Electric Furnace on the Properties of Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) Pellets)
Full text linkThe objective of this study was to improve the quality of jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) wood pellets through torrefaction with Counter-Flow Multi-Baffle (COMB) reactor and electric furnace (EF). COMB is a reactor that can conduct torrefaction with a short residence time, approximately around 3 to 5 min. The torrefaction with COMB reactor was conducted at 260°C and 280°C C, with a residence time of 3 min. The torrefaction with EF used the temperature of 260°C and 280°C with a duration of 20 min. The pellet properties evaluated include the color changes, physical characteristics, and heating values. The result showed that the color of Jabon wood pellet was totally changed after torrefaction with COMB reactor reaching the highest overall color-change (∆E *) of 21,9 in the long pellets and 21,7 in the short pellets, while torrefaction with EF resulted in the highest ∆E* of 28,6 and 23,2, in the long and short pellets, respectively. The initial moisture content of the long and short pellets of Jabon wood were 12,41% and 12,33%. After torrefaction with COMB the moisture content decreased to 2,85% and 2,61%, while after torrefaction with EF the values decreased to 2,77% and 2,58%. The initial density of the long and short pellets were 1,05 g/cm3 and 0,97 g/cm3. The density decreased to 0,91 g/cm3 and 0,76 g/cm3 after torrefaction with COMB reactor, and decreased to 0,87 g/cm3 and 0,75 g/cm3 after torrefaction with EF. The research result also showed that the initial heating value of long and short pellets of 17,69 MJ/kg increased to 31,79 MJ/kg (long pellets) and 32.02 MJ/kg (short pellets) after torrefaction with COMB reactor, and increased to 19.74 MJ/kg (long pellets) and 19.99 MJ/kg (short pellets) after torrefaction with EF. Torrefaction with COMB reactor with shorter residence time resulted in a higher improvement in bioenergetic properties of jabon wood pellets in comparison to torrefaction with EF.Keywords: Anthocephalus cadamba, Counter-Flow Multi Baffle, torrefactio
Penaksiran Riap Biomassa dan Riap Karbon pada Famili Sapindaceae di Kebun Raya Purwodadi (Biomass and Carbon Increments of Sapindaceae Family in Purwodadi Botanic Garden)
Full text linkGlobal warming has adverse effects on human life, which can be prevented by planting many trees. Sapindaceae family has various purposes, particularly as fruit producers. However, research on the potential of the Sapindaceae family as a carbon sequester is still lacking. This study aimed to determine the annual increment of biomass and carbon absorption of 22 species from the Sapindaceae family in Purwodadi Botanic Garden. Data were collected using a non-destructive method in the Purwodadi Botanic Garden in July-September 2019. The research tool used in this research included stationery, roll meter, and tally sheet. Biomass was measured with the Kettering equation. The results revealed variations in the value of biomass and the carbon increment of each species. Three species of the Sapindaceae family that have biomass and high carbon increment were Litchi chinensis, Filicium decipiens, and Schleichera oleosa.Keywords: biomass increment, carbon increment, global warming, sapindaceae famil
Analisis Biaya Produksi Furnitur: Studi Kasus di Mebel Barokah 3, Desa Marga Agung, Lampung Selatan (Cost Analysis of Furniture Production: A Case Study at Mebel Barokah 3, Marga Agung Village, Lampung Selatan)
Full text linkAnalysis of production costs and revenues is important to reduce the risk of financial losses and increase company profits. The results of this analysis can be used as a reference in determining policies that can determine the direction of company development. However, many small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have not done a cost and revenue analysis, which can affect the company's sustainability in the future. The objective of this study was to analyze the total production costs and revenues of an SME in a one-year production period (August 2018 – July 2019). The study was conducted by calculating fixed costs and variable costs at Mebel Barokah 3, an SME that produces furniture based on orders. The total revenue, revenue-cost ratio (R/C), and the break even pont (BEP) were also calculated. The results showed that the total production cost was IDR 455.855.730/year and the total revenue was IDR 89.794.270/year. The value R/C reached 1,19 and the value of BEP reached IDR 211.644.908/year. The values indicated that this business was economically profitable and reached BEP at the sales of IDR 211.644.908/year. The company should consider the costs incurred, improve work efficiency, and expand the market to achieve business sustainability in the future.Keywords: furniture, income, production costs, revenue, small and medium-sized enterpris