Jurnal Sylva Lestari
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Ruang Terbuka Hijau Publik di Kota Jambi Berbasis Jumlah Penduduk dan Kebutuhan Oksigen (Public Green Open Space Development in Jambi City Based on Population and Oxygen Needs)
Full text linkJambi City is the capital of Jambi Province and the largest city in the province. However, the area of Green Open Space (GOS) in Jambi City was decreasing year by year. Continuous development in Jambi City must be balanced with the existence of adequate GOS. This study aims to identify the existence of public GOS in Jambi City and analyze the needs of public GOS in Jambi City based on population and oxygen needs. The study was conducted in March-October 2019 in Jambi City. The data collected consists of primary data obtained through field observations in public GOS and secondary data relating to population data, public GOS area, number of vehicles, and temperature changes. The data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that the public GOS in Jambi City in 2018 reached 167,18 ha. The need for public GOS in Jambi City based on the need for population growth in 2035 is 1.414,01 ha. The need for public GOS in Jambi City based on oxygen demand that in line with the population growth in 2035 is 4.169,91 ha.Keywords: green open space, Jambi City, needs analysi
Utilization of Lignin from the Waste of Bioethanol Production as a Mortar Additive
Full text linkLignin is the second most abundant biopolymer, exceeded only by cellulose, and comprises 15-25% of the dry weight of woody plants, with around 285,000 tons/year of production capacity globally. This study aims to utilize the lignin obtained from the waste of bioethanol production from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) as a mortar additive. The use of mortar as a material for road construction is increasing, but its long time hardening is causing problems such as traffic jams. Lignin can be used as an additive to shorten the hardening time of mortar. Lignin was isolated at various NaOH concentrations and temperatures of OPEFB pretreatment for bioethanol production. The workability of the slump and compressive strength of mortars generated were further tested. Lignin from OPEFB can be used as a water reducer in the mortar with improved workability as much as 24.4% compared to controls. The addition of lignin could also increase the compressive strength at the mortar age of 7 and 28 days compared to the commercial lignosulfonate and control on the various water-cement ratios. The setting time of mortar with the lignin addition increased rapidly, reaching up to 80% at the 7 days, indicating that curing time is getting shorter. The most remarkable improvement of compressive strength with suitable workability and high-quality concrete was reached by 1% lignin addition and 0.45 water-cement ratio with compressive strength 38.81 N/mm2 at 28 days.Keywords: compressive strength, lignin, mortar, OPEFB, water reduce
Keadaan Vegetasi Hutan Berbasis Masyarakat di Desa Aik Bual dan Desa Setiling, Pulau Lombok (Vegetation Condition of Community-Managed Forests in Aik Bual Village and Setiling Village, Lombok Island)
Full text linkCommunity-based forest management practices vary according to biophysical and management factors. This study aimed to explain the vegetation conditions of community-based forest management in Aik Bual and Setiling village, Lombok Tengah. The study site was divided into protected forest areas (HL) in Aik Bual Village with a legal community forest permit (Aik Bual-HKm), HL in Setiling Village with no legal community forest permit (Setiling-Non Permit), and HL in Aik Bual Village with no legal community forest permit (Aik Bual-Non Permit). Field measurement was conducted in July 2018 by establishing 12 plots of 20 m x 20 m. Each plot consisted of subplots of 10 m x 10 m, 5 m x 5 m, and 2 m x 2 m to collect data of woody and non-woody plants with the criteria of diameter (D) as follows: D ≥ 20 cm, 10 cm ≤ D < 20 cm, 2 cm ≤ D <10 cm, and D < 2 cm with tree height of < 1,5 m, respectively. The results showed that Aik Bual-HKm, Setiling-Non Permit and Aik Bual-Non Permit had 24, 13 and 22 species, respectively. Dominant species of vegetation at D ≥ 20 cm were Erythrina variegata and Swietenia macrophylla, at 10 cm ≤ D < 20 cm were Musa paradisiaca and Durio zibethinus, at 2 cm ≤ D < 10 cm was Coffea canephora, and at D < 2 cm were C. canephora and S. macrophylla. Vegetation diversity index (H') of plants at D ≥ 2 cm in Aik Bual-HKm was slightly higher (H'=1,78) than that in Setiling-Non Permit (H’=1,04) and Aik Bual-Non Permit (H’=1,15), although these are classified as moderate. The results illustrated the possible differences of vegetation diversity in community-managed forests with and without legal permission.Keywords: agroforestry, land tenure, protected forest, vegetation analysi
Kekuatan Kopling Sistem dalam Pengembangan Hutan Rakyat (The Power of System’s Coupling in the Development of Smallholder-Private Forests)
Full text linkThe smallholder-private forests initially developed through various catalysts, particularly the government's greening program. The various functions of smallholder-private forests in economic, social, and environmental life has encouraged the forests as an integral part of community life. This condition is termed as a status of adjusted to each other (couple state) between the forests and community life. The couple state needs to be studied to help in improving community lives through the development of smallholder-private forests. A systems approach is required in learning the couple state. The main topic of research was the system’s coupling between smallholder-private forest systems and livelihood systems. The degree of the system’s coupling was measured using the value of the coupling coefficient (R). This study aimed to determine the degrees of coupling in three main farmer livelihoods. The study began by developing the causal loop diagram (CLD) of the coupling of the two systems. Samples of 72 head of the family that work as full farmers, part-time farmers, and non-farmers were taken purposively in Semoyo Village, Gunungkidul Regency. Data of farmers conditions were obtained through interviews by using questionnaires, and the conditions of smallholder-private forests were obtained through tree measurements. The results found that there was a dynamic coupling of the community forest system with community life in the three main livelihoods studied. The highest order of coupling degrees was full-time farmers, part-time farmers, and non-farmers, respectively. The difference in degrees of coupling in the three main livelihoods can be used as a basis for stakeholder intervention in formulating regulations, policies, and coaching to improve the quality of life of the community. Keywords: system’s coupling, Gunungkidul, smallholder-private forests, systems approac
Gender Based Waste Management Model in Sei Sembilang, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera Province
Full text linkWaste is one of the major problems in Sei Sembilang, a hamlet located in the Berbak-Sembilang National Park (BSNP) area. The area is difficult to reach, and to date, there is no effective waste management system applied. Waste management cannot be separated from the involvement of men and women; hence, a model that can accommodate the community’s interests and how gender plays a role in that model is needed. This study aims to develop an appropriate gender-based waste management model to overcome these problems. The study was conducted using mixed methods of Sequential Explanatory. Quantitative data were analyzed through 3 stages: editing, coding, and tabulation in tables and diagrams. Qualitative data were analyzed descriptively through 3 stages, that are reduction, presentation, and verification. The results showed that the community’s knowledge and attitudes, both men and women, were relatively high, but not accompanied by their behavior. Women tend to have a higher level of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior than men. The waste management model that can be developed is an integrated waste management model that can accommodate all society levels. This model divides roles between the community, government, and the private sector. In this model, women have a more significant role in separating waste and recycling plastic waste into handicraft products. Men play a role in transporting and processing plastic waste into economically valuable plastic raw materials.Keyword: Berbak-Sembilang National Park, gender, waste management mode
Sifat Antimikroba dan Pengaruh Perlakuan Bahan Baku terhadap Rendemen Minyak Sereh Wangi (Antimicrobial Properties and Effects of Raw Material Treatments on Citronella Oil Yield)
Full text linkCitronella oil is one of the non-timber forest products (NTFP) and commercially obtained from the distillation of the leaves of the Cymbopogon nardus L. This study aims to determine the effect of the size of the distillation raw material and storage time of the raw material on yield and determine the antimicrobial properties of citronella oil from plants in the production forest Register 40 KPH Gedong Wani, Lampung Selatan Regency. The research was conducted using a complete randomized block design (RAKL) with two factors, namely the size of the distillation raw material (whole leaf, 5 cm, 10 cm, and 15 cm) and the storage time of the raw material (fresh, 2 days, and 4 days) which was carried out in 3 replications. The variables measured were yield, specific gravity, and solubility of citronella oil in alcohol. The inhibition ability test of citronella oil against bacteria using essential oil obtained from distillation at the highest yield conditions, namely fresh leaves and leaf size of 5 cm using the diffusion well method. The results showed that the storage time factor, the size of the distillation raw material, and the interaction between the storage time and the size of the raw material had a significant effect on the yield of citronella oil. The highest yield of citronella oil was achieved in the condition of fresh leaves with a size of 5 cm, namely 2,09%. Density and solubility in alcohol of citronella oil produced met SNI 06-3953-1995 standard, respectively 0,8718-0,8928 g/ ml and 1:2. Citronella oil has strong antibacterial properties against Propioni acne, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus with inhibition zone diameters were 40,20 mm, 18,36 mm, 13,07 mm, and 18,80 mm, respectively. Citronella oil from plants in Register 40 KPH Gedong Wani has potential as a raw material for the cosmetic and disinfectant industry. Keywords: antimicrobial, citronella oil, yiel
Growing Site Characteristics of Agathis labillardieri Warb in the Natural Forests of Siwi Momiwaren, West Papua
Full text linkAgathis labillardieri Warb is one of the copal-producing tree species that only distributed in Papua. In connection with regional development, the existence of this species has been a significant concern. Therefore, it is necessary to study the characteristics of A. labillardieri Warb in their natural growing areas in the natural protected forest of Siwi Momiwaren. The data were collected by using the line plot method systematic sampling method with nesting plot. The data were then analyzed to determine the species relative density, frequency, dominance, important value index (IVI), and growth characteristics. The results showed that A. labillardieri Warb had the highest IVI at all levels of growth, with the highest diversity index at the seedling level of 3,49. When viewed from the relationship of the presence of species with the characteristics of the growing site, the content of Mg and Na significantly affected the presence of this species in the natural forest area of South Manokwari Siwi Momiwaren.Keywords: Agathis labillardieri Warb, growing site characteristics, Siwi Momiwaren, West Papu
Persepsi Masyarakat terhadap Konflik Manusia dan Gajah Sumatra (Elephas maximus sumatranus Temminck 1847) di Taman Nasional Way Kambas (Community Perception on the Conflict between Human and Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus Temminck 1847) in Way Kambas National Park)
Full text linkThe conflict between humans and elephants can cause disadvantages for both humans and elephants in the form of property and loss of life. The objective of this study was to determine community perceptions of the conflict between humans and elephants. Data were collected through interviews with thirty respondents by using a questionnaire as guidance. The respondents were randomly selected from Tegal Yoso Village, Purbolinggo District, East Lampung Regency, which is one of the buffer villages of the Way Kambas National Park (TNWK). The results showed that 100% of the community declared elephants as plant destroyers, and 97% of plant consumers. The results also revealed that 100% of the community has a positive perception by considering elephants as an endangered species and has the potential to become tourist attractions, while 97% or the community considered elephant as a charismatic animal, beautiful, having a strong memory, and sensitive. The community showed awareness of the conservation of Sumatran elephants. It was shown from their attitude in dealing with the elephants that enter the agricultural area by reporting to the authorized officer. The Elephant Response Unit (ERU) in Tegal Yoso and the community need to increase safeguards to reduce conflicts between elephants and humans in the buffer zone of TNWK.Keywords: elephant, community, conflict, mitigation, perceptio
Jenis-Jenis Tumbuhan Asing Invasif di Resort Sukaraja Atas, Taman Nasional Bukit Barisan Selatan (Invasive Alien Species Plants in Sukaraja Atas Resort, Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park)
Full text linkOne of the problems encountered by the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (TNBBS) is the presence of invasive alien species. Invasive alien species are plants that grow outside their natural distribution and have the ability to cover the area; hence it could suppress the growth of the other plants. The presence of invasive alien species in the national park has been widely reported to cause negative impacts on the ecosystem, local biodiversity, socio-economic, and human health in the vicinity. This study was carried out in the rehabilitation zone of the Sukaraja Atas Resort of TNBBS that had shifted into open land. This study aimed to determine the species and dominance of invasive alien species that exist. The sampling method was used by laying plots consisted of the combination of the line and multiple plot methods with a total plot of 25 plots. Data analysis was performed by selecting invasive alien species observed based related-literature, while the dominance of invasive alien species was calculated by the importance value index (IVI). The results identified 121 species, of which 29 species or 35% of them were classified as invasive alien, which originating from 19 families. Three invasive alien species become the most dominating, namely: Clidemia hirta with an IVI of 22.61, Imperata cylindrica with an IVI of 18.03, and Calliandra calothyrsus with an IVI 17.96. The environmental conditions and species characteristics supported the three invasive alien species domination; hence it inhibited the growth of native species. Keywords: Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, invasive alien species, rehabilitation zon
Karakteristik Briket Arang dari Limbah Kulit Buah Pinang dengan Berbagai Komposisi Jenis Perekat (Characteristics of Charcoal Briquette from the Skin Waste of Areca catechu Fruit with Various Compositions of Adhesive Types)
Full text linkThe increase in energy demand requires the search for alternative energy. One of the potential alternative energies is charcoal briquette that could utilize biomass waste. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of charcoal briquettes from the waste of Areca catechu fruit. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and five replications and then continued with Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at a level of 5%. The treatment applied was the composition of starch and sago adhesive with ratios of 5% : 0% (P1), 0% : 5% (P2), 3% : 2% (P3), 2,5% : 2,5% (P4), and 2% : 3% (P5). The result showed that the skin waste of Areca catechu fruit could be used as raw material for charcoal briquettes. The average moisture content and calorific value met the minimum requirement of SNI with an average value of 3.8% and 5602.18 cal/g, respectively. The results revealed that only P1 could meet the minimum requirement of SNI for volatile content, carbon ash content, and carbon bounded content at 14.2%, 7.9%, and 77.8%, respectively. Consequently, the charcoal briquette that could meet SNI on all characteristics was using P1 (starch adhesive 5%: sago adhesive 0%).Keywords: Areca catechu, charcoal briquettes, sago adhesive, starch adhesiv