International Journal of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences (IJReSES)
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SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF GREEN OPEN SPACES AND RELATION TO LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE IN BANDAR LAMPUNG CITY
Full text linkBandar Lampung City, the capital city of Lampung Province in Indonesia, became the number three city on the island of Sumatra, with enormous population growth from 2000 to 2015. Population growth resulted in increasing built-up land affecting several aspects, one of which was the increase in surface temperature in urban areas. This study aims to determine changes in green open space, land surface temperature (LST), and the spatial pattern of changes in Bandar Lampung City. Data processing uses Landsat 8 imagery for green space and Google Earth Engine for LST. The results of this study indicate that the distribution of changes in green open space the east to west experienced a change in green open space to non-green open space which resulted in an increase in temperature in the east, southeast, and west, from 25-30oC the temperature increased to >30oC. The change in green open space in the west and some areas found that a change from non-RTH to a public or private green open space resulted in a decrease in temperature starting from 25-30oC decreased to 20-25oC. The spatial pattern of changes in green open space in Bandar Lampung City has a clustered pattern in the west and east of the area following the topography (100-500 masl). At the same time, the land surface temperature pattern (LST) in Bandar Lampung City has a clustered pattern at temperatures 30oC (following an altitude of 25-100 masl) while for temperatures 25-30oC has a scattered pattern (following an altitude of 25-100 masl) in Bandar Lampung City
CARBON MONOXIDE SPATIAL PATTERN BASED ON VEHICLE VOLUME DISTRIBUTION IN TANGERANG CITY
Full text linkAir pollution conditions in urban areas continue to increase due to the volume of vehicles every year. This volume increases sources of pollution such as motor vehicles which account for 60-70% of pollution. This study aims to analyze the distribution of vehicle volume and spatial pattern of CO in Tangerang City and see the relationship. The analysis used is descriptive and statistical spatial analysis. The results showed the distribution of vehicle volume in the morning ranged from 2000 vehicles on primary arterial roads. The spatial pattern of CO that formed on primary and collector arterial roads with residential land uses, industrial areas, and warehouses, then the CO concentration tends to be high. Meanwhile, other primary collector roads have low to moderate CO concentrations. The Spearman test and linear regression results showed a significant effect between vehicle volume on the Tangerang City CO pattern, with a strength value of 0.689 and an R Square of 0.476
COMPARISON OF THE RADIOMETRIC CORRECTION LANDSAT-8 IMAGE BASED ON OBJECT SPECTRAL RESPONSE AND VEGETATION INDEX
Full text linkLandsat-8 standard level (level 1T) data received by users still in digital form can be used directly for land cover/land use mapping. These data have low radiometric accuracy when used to produce information such as vegetation indices, biomass, and land cover/land use classification. In this study, radiometric/atmospheric correction was conducted using FLAASH, 6S, DOS, TOA+BRDF and TOA method to eliminate atmospheric disturbances and compare the results with field measurements based on object spectral response and NDVI values. The results of the spectral measurements of objects in paddy fields at harvest time in the Cirebon Regency, West Java, Indonesia show that the FLAASH and 6S method have spectral responses that are close to those of objects in the field compared to the DOS, TOA and TOA+BRDF methods. For the NDVI value, the 6S method has the same tendency as the object's NDVI value in the field. Â
ANALYSIS OF THE PENETRATION CAPABILITY OF VISIBLE SPECTRUM WITH AN ATTENUATION COEFFICIENT THROUGH THE APPARENT OPTICAL PROPERTIES APPROACH IN THE DETERMINATION OF A BATHYMETRY ANALYTICAL MODEL
Full text linkThe attenuation coefficient (Kd) can be extracted by an apparent optical properties(AOP) approach to determine marine shallow-water habitat bathymetry based on an analytical method. Such a method was employed in the Red Sea by Benny and Dawson in 1983 using Landsat MSS imagery. Therefore, we applied the Benny and Dawson algorithm to extract bathymetry in shallow marine waters off Karimunjawa Island, Jepara, Central Java, Indonesia. We used the SPOT 6 satellite, which has four multispectral bands with a spatial resolution of 6 meters. The results show that three bands of SPOT 6 data (the blue, green, and red bands) can produce bathymetric information up to 30.29, 24.63 and 18.58 meters depth respectively. The determinations of the attenuation coefficients of the three bands are 0.08069, 0.09330, and 0.39641. The overall accuracy of absolute bathymetry of the blue, green, and red bands is 61.12%, 65.73%, and 26.25% respectively, and the kappa coefficients are 0.45, 0.52, and 0.13
LOCAL CLIMATE ZONE (LCZ) IN BANDAR LAMPUNG CITY
Full text linkThe rapid growth of the population in Bandar Lampung has led to a change in the land's usage from vegetation to built-up land. In the end, less vegetation will be present, which also results in higher temperatures in urban. This study intends to identify the state of the city's building density, vegetation density, land surface temperature, and Local Climate Zone (LCZ) in Bandar Lampung. Local Climate Zone (LCZ) maps can provide information on the physical structure of urban planning based on building density, and vegetation density, and are useful in the mitigation and public monitoring of increasing urban temperatures. The data was collected using images from Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS and high-resolution satellite imagery from Maxar Technologies downloaded using Google Earth Pro. Additionally, a field survey was used to measure the air temperature. The LCZ Generator WUDAPT is used to process LCZ data. The findings revealed that Bandar Lampung was dominated by medium-density buildings in the city's canter and medium-density vegetation in its western. The highest LST in residential areas is 35°C, while forest areas have the lowest LST at 15,68°C. There are 14 LCZ classifications, covering seven building types and seven land cover types. The dense tree zone has the highest vegetation density, the open low-rise zone has the highest land surface temperature, and the compact low-rise zone has the highest building density
ANALYSIS OF CLASSIFICATION METHODS FOR MAPPING SHALLOW WATER HABITATS USING SPOT-7 SATELLITE IMAGERY IN NUSA LEMBONGAN ISLAND, BALI
Full text linkShallow water habitat maps are crucial for the sustainable management purposes of marine resources. The use of a better digital classification method can provide shallow water habitat maps with the best accuracy rate that is able to indicate actual conditions. Experts use the object-based classification method as an alternative to the pixel-based method. However, the pixel-based classification method continues to be relied upon by experts in obtaining benthic habitat conditions in shallow water. This study aims to analyze the classification results and examine the accuracy rate of shallow-water habitats distribution using SPOT-7 satellite imagery in Nusa Lembongan Island, Bali. Water column correction by Lyzenga 2006 was opted, while object-based and pixel-based classification was used in this study. The benthic habitat classification scheme uses four classes: substrate, seagrass, macroalgae, and coral. The results show different accuracy is obtained between pixel-based classification with maximum likelihood models and object-based classification with decision tree models. Mapping benthic habitats in Nusa Lembongan, Bali, with object-based classification and decision tree models, has higher accuracy than the other with 68%
Front Page
No full textWe sincerely thank you for reading the International Journal of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences Vol. 18 No 2, December 2021. In general, this journal is expected to enrich the serial publications on earth sciences. In particular this journal is aimed to present improvement in remote sensing studies and its applications on earth sciences. This journal also serves as the enrichment on earth sciences publication, not only in Indonesia and Asia but also worldwide.This journal consists of papers discussing the particular interest in remote sensing field. Those papers are having remote sensing data for image processing, geosciences, oceanography, environment, disaster, mining activities, etc. A variety of topics are discussed in this seventeen edition. Briefly, the topics discussed in this edition are the studies of remote sensing data processing issues such as bathymetri, tsunami disaster risk, water resource, flood disaster areas, weathers, and peatland. There some new methods, new analysis, and new novelties on this edition.Finally, enjoy your reading of the IJRESES Vol. 18 No. 2 December 2021, and please refer this journal content for your next research and publication. For editorial team members and the journal secretariat, thank you very much for all big supports for this volume publication
SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FLASH FLOOD AREAS FROM MEDIUM SPATIAL OPTICAL IMAGERY
Full text linkThis study aims to investigate surface reflectance changes over flash flood areas in Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia. Fifteen sample points from Sentinel-2 satellite imagery were used to analyse the differences in reflectance of areas before and after flash flood events. The method used involved analysis of the significant differences in the dreflectance values of each Sentinel-2 channel. The analysis results show that channels 6, 7, and 8A displayed significant differences compared to the others with regard to reflectance before and after flooding, for both settlements and shrubs. The results could be used for further research in building a reflectance index for the rapid detection of affected areas, with a focus on these channels
DETECTING SURFACE WATER AREAS AS ALTERNATIVE WATER RESOURCE LOCATIONS DURING THE DRY SEASON USING SENTINEL-2 IMAGERY (CASE STUDY: LOWLAND REGION OF BEKASI-KARAWANG, WEST JAVA PROVINCE)
Full text linkIn Indonesia, drought is a type of disaster that often occurs, especially during the dry season. What is most needed at such times is the availability of sufficient water sources to meet shortages. Therefore, water source locations are vital during the dry season in order to meet needs. To meet this information need, remote sensing data offer a precise solution. This research proposes a rapid method of detecting surface water areas based on remote sensing image data. It focuses on the use of remote sensing satellite imagery to detect objects and the location of surface water sources. The purpose of the study is to rapidly identify objects and locate surface water sources using Sentinel-2 MSI (MultiSpectral Instrument), one of the latest types of remote sensing satellite data. Several water index (WI) methods were applied before deciding which was most suitable for detecting surface water objects. The lowland region of Bekasi-Karawang, a drought prone area, was designated as the research location. The results of the research show that by using Sentinel-2 MSI imagery, MNDWI (Modified Normalized Water Index) is the appropriate parameter to detect surface water areas in the lowland region of Bekasi-Karawang, West Java Province, Indonesia, during times of drought. The method can be employed as an alternative approach based on remote sensing data for the rapid detection of surface water areas as alternative sources of water during the dry season. The existence of natural water sources (swamps, marshes, ponds) that remain during this time can be used as alternative water resources. Further research is still needed which focuses on different geographical conditions and other regions in Indonesia
PRELIMINARY STUDY OF A RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE FILTER FOR NON-POLARIMETRIC C-BAND WEATHER RADAR IN INDONESIA (CASE STUDY: TANGERANG WEATHER RADAR)
Full text linkC-Band weather radar that operates at a frequency of 5 GHz is very vulnerable to radio frequency interference (RFI) because it is located on a free used frequency. RFI can cause image misinterpretation and precipitation echo distortion. The new allocation for free spectrum recommended by the World Radio Conference 2003 and weather radar frequency protection in Indonesia controlled by the Balai Monitoring Spektrum Frekuensi (BALMON) have not provided permanent protection against weather radar RFI. Several RFI filter methods have been developed for polarimetric radars, but there have been no studies related to RFI filters on non-polarimetric radars in Indonesia. This research aims to conduct an initial study of RFI filters on such radars. Four methods were applied in the initial study. The Himawari 8 cloud mask was used to eliminate interference echo based on VS, IR, and I2 channels, while the nature of false echo interference that does not have a radial velocity value was used as the basis for the application of the Doppler velocity filter. Another characteristic in the form of consistent echo interference up to the maximum range was used as the basis for applying a beam filling analysis filter with reflectivity thresholds of 5 dBZ and 10 dBZ, with beam filling of more than 75%. Finally, supervised learning Random Forest (RF) was also used to identify interference echo based on the characteristics of the sampling results on reflectivity, radial velocity, and spectral width data. The results show that the beam filling analysis method with a threshold of 5 dBZ provides the best RFI filter without eliminating echo precipitation