International Journal of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences (IJReSES)
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CHLOROPHYLL-A CONCENTRATIONS ESTIMATION FROM AQUA-MODIS AND VIIRS-NPP SATELLITE SENSORS IN SOUTH JAVA SEA WATERS
Get PDFThis study aimed to estimate the concentration of chlorophyll-a from satellite imagery of National Polar-Orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) Preparatory Project (NPP) in the south Java Sea waters and compare it to the concentrations of chlorophyll-a estimation result from the MODIS-Aqua satellite. NPP satellite had Visible/Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) sensors which performance was same as Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor with a better spatial resolution. This study used daily satellite imagery of VIIRS-NPP for the period of September 2012 to August 2013. The algorithm that was used to estimate the concentration of chlorophyll-a was Ocean Color 3-band ratio (OC-3). The results showed that the spatial distribution pattern of chlorophyll-a concentration between VIIRS - NPP sensor and MODIS had the same pattern, but the estimation of chlorophyll-a concentration from the MODIS sensor was higher than VIIRS -NPP sensor. The concentration of chlorophyll-a showed that there were spatial and temporal variation in the south Java Sea waters. Generally, concentrations of chlorophyll-a was higher in East monsoon than West monsoon
MONITORING OF LAKE ECOSYSTEM PARAMETER USING LANDSAT DATA (A CASE STUDY: LAKE RAWA PENING)
Get PDFMost lakes in Indonesia have suffered (decrease in quality) caused by land conversion in the catchment area, soil erosion, and water pollution from agriculture and households. This study utilizes remote sensing data to monitor several parameters used as ecosystem status assessors in accordance with the guidelines of Lake Ecosystem Management provided by the Ministry of Environment. The monitoring was done at Lake Rawa Pening using Landsat TM/ETM+ satellite data over the period of 2000-2013. The data standardization was done for sun angle correction and also atmospheric correction by removing dark pixels using histogram adjustment method. RGB color composites (R: NIR + SWIR, G: NIR, B: NIR-RED) were used for water hyacinth identification; thus, the lake water surface area can be delineated. Further samples were collected for water hyacinth and water classification with Maximum Likelihood method. Total Suspended Matter (TSM) by Doxaran model and the water clarity from field measurement was correlated to build water clarity algorithm. The results show that Lake Rawa Pening was deterioting in term of quality during the period of 2000-2013; it can be seen from the dynamic rate of the shrinkage and the expansion of the lake water surface area, the uncontrolled distribution of water hyacinth which it covered 45% of the lake water surface area in 2013, the increased of TSM concentration, and the decreased of water clarity. Most parts of Rawa Pening’s water have clarity less than 2.5 m which indicated that the thropic status is hypertrophic class
UTILIZATION OF SAR AND EARTH GRAVITY DATA FOR SUB BITUMINOUS COAL DETECTION
Get PDFRemote sensing data can be used for geological and mining applications, such as coal detection. Coal consists of five classes of Anthracite, Bituminous, Sub-Bituminous, Lignite coal and Peat coal. In this study, the type of coal that is discussed is Sub bituminous, Lignite coal, and peat coal. This study aims to detect potential sub bituminous using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data, and earth gravity. One type of remote sensing data to detect potential sub bituminous, lignite coal and peat coal are SAR data and satellite data Geodesy. SAR data used in this study is ALOS PALSAR. SAR data is used to predict the boundary between Lignite coal with Peat coal. The method used is backscattering. In addition to the SAR data is also used to make height model. The method used is interferometry. Geodetic satellite data is used to extract the value of the earth gravity and geodynamics. The method used is physical geodesy. Potential sub-bituminous coal can be known after the correlation between the predicted limits lignite coal-peat coal by the earth gravity, geodynamics, and height model. Volume predictions of potential sub bituminous can be known by calculating the volume using height model and transverse profile test. The results of this study useful for preliminary survey of geological in mining exploration activities
DEVELOPMENT OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN CONCENTRATION EXTRACTION MODEL USING LANDSAT DATA CASE STUDY: RINGGUNG COASTAL WATERS
Get PDFWater is a key component to the process of earth’s life. However, with increasing industrial development and anthropogenic activities, water quality has been decreased dramatically. Therefore, monitoring is necessary to anticipate the threat of contamination and to take effective action at all levels in local or central government. Methods or algorithms were proposed for detecting or mapping or extraction the concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO) derived from Landsat remote sensing imagery using empirical formulation. The aim of this study to monitor the quality of coastal waters over large areas. The method begins with the calculation of water surface temperature derived from Landsat data, using the correlation function obtained by correlating the temperature measurement by the infrared band reflectance values. Then the image is used to calculate the concentration of DO using the correlation function. the correlation function is obtained by correlating the results of field measurements of DO with temperature. The study conducted in the Ringgung coastal waters located in Padang Cermin District, Pesawaran municipal conducted on August 7 to 11, 2012. Based on the analysis, dissolved oxygen concentration of Ringgung coastal waters is inversely proportional to the amount of fresh water entering the coastal waters and directly proportional to the aeration process. As a result, in June the concentration of dissolved oxygen near the beach (on shore water) greater than in the offshore water. While in August, the concentration of dissolved oxygen near the coast (on shore water) is lower than in the offshore water
OZONE VARIABILITY AND OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES (ODS) IN INDONESIA BASED ON MLS-AURA DATA
Get PDFResearch and characterizing the ozone profiles and Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS) in Indonesia is a satellite data-based research activities. The aim of the study was to obtain the characteristics of ozone in Indonesia as well as the contribution of ODS to the variability of ozone. By performing a data inventory based on satellite data, analyze the pattern of annual, seasonal and perform linkage analysis of the contribution of ODS changes to the conditions of ozone. Daily data of vertical profiles of ozone and in the form of volume mixing ratio (vmr) with format HDF (Hierarchical Data Format) is extracted to the territory of Indonesia to take parameters as latitude, longitude, and concentration. Then converted to Excel format with the help of data processing software of MATLAB. Results obtained in the form of ozone characteristics in Indonesia, the percentage of contribution to the variability of ozone also contribution to the variability of ozone in Indonesia in several levels of height. By using Microwave Limb Sounders (MLS) AURA satellite data in the period of 2005 to 2013 characteristics of monthly vertical profiles of ozone in Indonesia has been obtained. The ODS studied were ClO and BrO. Peak of vertical profiles of ozone occurs at a pressure of 10 hPa or altitude of 25.9 km. ClO peak occurs at a pressure of 2.1 hPa or altitude of 30.6 km and BrO reached the peak at 14 hPa or altitude of 24.5 km. When ClO and BrO reach a maximum concentration at stratosphere then ozone molecules is potentially damaging or decrease in the stratosphere. Temporal variations of ozone showed decrease when ODS concentrations increased (particularly ClO and BrO). Linear regression of ozone with ozone showed a negative correlation coefficient which indicates there is a strong relationship between ozone concentrations decline in pressure of 14 hPa when BrO reach the maximum. Likewise for ClO which also showed a negative correlation with the decrease in ozone concentration. ClO contribution to the decreasing of ozone in Indonesia was marked by every addition of 0.01 ppb ClO will reduce ozone of 0.00583 ppm (5.83 ppb). While any increase of 0.01 ppb of BrO will decrease 0.03 ppb of ozone
DETECTING THE AFFECTED AREAS OF MOUNT SINABUNG ERUPTION USING LANDSAT 8 IMAGERIES BASED ON REFLECTANCE CHANGE
Get PDFThe position of Indonesia as part of a "ring of fire" bringing the consequence that the life of the nation and the state will also be influenced by volcanism. Therefore, it is necessary to map rapidly the affected areas of a volcano eruption. Objective of the research is to detect the affected areas of Mount Sinabung eruption recently in North Sumatera by using optical images Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI). A pair of Landsat 8 images in 2013 and 2014, period before and after eruption, was used to analysis the reflectance change from that period. Affected areas of eruption was separated based on threshold value of reflectance change. The research showed that the affected areas of Mount Sinabung eruption can be detected and separated by using Landsat 8 OLI images based on the change of reflectance value band 4, 5 and NDVI. Band 5 showed the highest values of decreasing and band 4 showed the highest values of increasing. Compared with another uses of single band, the combination of both bands (NDVI) give the best result for detecting the affected areas of volcanic eruption
TECHNIQUE TO RECONSTRUCT BAND 6 REFLECTANCE INFORMATION OF AQUA MODIS
Get PDFRemote sensing data could experience damage due to sensor failure or atmospheric condition. Reconstruction technique to retrieve the missing information had been widely developed in the past few years. This writing aimed to provide a technique to recover reflectance information of Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Band 6. Since Band 6 Aqua MODIS experienced sensor failure, lots of information would be missing. There were three kinds of methods used in repairing such damage. Two of which were categorized as spatial-based methods, i.e. NaN interpolation method and tensor completion method. Whereas, another method was a spectral-based one. NaN was an interpolation method to reconstruct missing value; while tensor completion method utilized low rank approximation, and spectral method used correlation between Band 6 and Band 7 which had near wavelength. Implementation of these methods was resulted in reconstruction of Aqua Modis Band 6 data which was damaged due to detector disfunction on Aqua Satellite. Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) value of this method was 41 dB, meaning that reconstruction technique provided positive impacts for data improvement
THE EFFECT OF HYDROLOGIC RESPONSE UNIT ON CI RASEA WATERSHED STREAMFLOW BASED ON LANDSAT TM
Get PDF. This paper discusses spatial pattern of Hydrologic Response Unit (HRU), which is a unit formed of hydrological analysis, including geology and soil type, elevation and slope, and also land cover in 2009. This paper also discusses the impact of HRU on streamflow of Ci Rasea watershed, West Java. Ci Rasea watershed is located at the upstream part of Ci Tarum watersheds in West Java Province, Indonesia. This research used SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model to obtain spatial HRU and river flow. The method used Landsat TM data for land cover and daily rainfall for river flow modeling. The results have shown spatial pattern of HRU which was affected by land cover, soil type and slope. In 2009, accumulated surface runoff and streamflow changes were spatially affected by HRU changes. The large amount accumulation of river flow discharge happened in HRU with landcover paddy field, silty clay soil, and flat slope. While the low discharge of river flow happened in HRU with plantation, clay soil, and slightly steep slopes as HRU dominant. It was found that accumulation of surface runoff in Ci Rasea watershed can be reduced by changing the land cover type in some areas with clay and slightly steep slope to become plantation area and the areas with sandy loam soil and flat slope can be used for paddy fields. Beside affected by HRU, the river flow discharge was also affected by the distance of sub watershed to the outlet. By using NS model and statistical t-student for calibration and validation, it was obtained that the accuracy of river flow models with HRU was 70%. It meant that the model could better simulate water flows of the Ci Rasea watershed
GROWTH PROFILE ANALYSIS OF OIL PALM BY USING SPOT 6 THE CASE OF NORTH SUMATRA
Get PDFOil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jack.) is one of the world’s most important tropical tree crops. Its expansion has been reported to cause widespread environment impacts. SPOT 6 data is one of high resolution satellite data that can give information more detail about vegetation and the age of oil palm plantation. The objective of this study was to analyze the growth profile of oil palm and to estimate the productivity age of oil palm. The study area is PTP N 3 in Tebing Tinggi North Sumatera Indonesia. The method that used is NDVI analysis and regression analysis for getting the model of oil palm growth profile. Data from the field were collected as the secondary data to build that model. The data that collected were age of oil palm and diameters of canopy for every age.  Results indicate that oil palm growth can be explained by variation of NDVI with formula y = -0.0004x2 + 0.0107x + 0.3912, where x is oil palm age and Y is NDVI of SPOT, with R² = 0.657. This equation can be used to predict the age of oil palm for range 4 to 11 years with R2 around 0.89