Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan
Not a member yet
147 research outputs found
Sort by
Reformulasi ijtihad dalam pembaruan hukum Islam menuju hukum nasional: Ikhtiar metodologis A. Qadri Azizy mentransformasikan fikih Timur Tengah ke Indonesia
Full text linkThis study is an elaboration of creative minds of A. Qodry Azizy about reformulation of ijtihad thatwas developed through reformation of “ mazhab” and an eclecticism of national law. Researchers useda qualitative research with a research library approach through technical documentation. An offering ofreformulation of ijtihad of A. Qodri Azizy motivated by social and academical anxiety about theentity of life after reformation and the probability of social changes with the momentum of GBHN1999.Therefore, it is neccesarily a Guidelines about formulations on” fiqh” which is suitable by the contextof Indonesian. He started on the concerns of intention, an inner attitude and academical confidence inapplication of Islamic law through the agenda of reformation on “mazhab” and positivization ofIslamic law within the framework of development of national laws
Studi kritis model perjanjian mudarabah pada perbankan syariah di Indonesia
Full text linkThe presence of Islamic Banking in Indonesia on the one hand it should be welcomed because it is aproof of the excitement of the majority of Muslims in the country to attempt to practice the teachingsof Islam in the life of the muamalah each other. But very unfortunate if the concept of Islamic Bankingis still graft the principles of usury-based conventional banks. As shown in the mudaraba agreementscheme practiced by some Islamic Bank is still causing some problems from the viewpoint of Sharia,including Islamic Banking legal standing as related parties in the mudaraba agreement itself, the dualstatus, on the one side and the other side as mud}arib as s}ahib al mal. Held dual status that Islamic Bankingcourse diametrically opposed to the principles of sharia. Another serious problem that was seized inMud}arabah current agreement scheme is a scheme which is essentially an agreement contract debtsbetween Islamic Bank is positioning itself as a cahib al-mal with customers who position themselves asmud}arib. Being stuck mud}arabah made Islamic Bank debts into the scheme of course is very dangerousfrom the point of view of sharia because it would trap the usury-based parties in the transaction. For thereconstruction of the model that needs to be done mudaraba agreement on Islamic banking thatmodels the agreement actually purely on the basis of pure sharia upright
Kritik otoritas pemaknaan hadis menuju masyarakat Islam berkemajuan
Full text linkSepeninggal Rasulullah Saw. perdebatan seputar keabsahan hadis sebagai sumber hukum Islam tampaknya tidak akan menemukan akhir. Bahkan, kecenderungan dalam hal ini mengarah kepada semakin tingginya intensitas perdebatan seputar keabsahan dan keotentikan hadis. Ini tidak hanya terjadi di kalangan ulama hadis yang muslim, tetapi juga di kalangan orientalis Barat non muslim yang menaruh perhatian kepada studi hadis
Pemaknaan masyarakat santri atas fatwa- fatwa keagamaan produk pesantren
Full text linkAs a Islamic educational institutions, pesantren produces not only ulama’ who are capable to guide Muslim to the right way, but also many fatwa as solutions for Muslim community problems. This study tries to reveal how the Muslim community gives meaning of fatwa from pesantren. The results of this study shows that Muslim society vary in give meaning to fatwa. They are divided into three groups, namely: the dogmatic community, logical community, and pragmatic community. The existence of these groups is caused by education background, intensity of communication, and vested interests of the community
Bayang-bayang teori keagenan pada produk pembiayaan perbankan syariah
Full text linkIn Indonesia, the most populer contract used by Islamic bank is murabahah contract, which is very close to the debt based financing. Many researchers argue that, this phenomenon is due to the risk faced by Islamic bank particularly related to the moral hazard by mudarib. This paper aims to explore the lack of musharakah and mudarabah contract in perspective of agency problems theory. The important issue in this paper is whether agency problem also underlies between customer as an agent and Islamic bank as a principal in financing contract. By employing holistic paradigm, namely by combining Islamic value and conventional theory, this study find two conclusion. First, agency problem in the scheme of Islamic banking products is due to the asymmetric information between agent and principal. Strict procedures and higher criteria cause mudarabah amount of financing contract of Islamic bank can not reach it optimum level. Second, agency problems which is happen in Islamic bank can be solve by optimizing the profit sharing ratio aimed to know the customer characters. Optimal sharing ratio can press the moral hazard problem, since the customer should be able to run his business with a maximum level of effort and be able to maximize the revenue generated to match the expectations of the bank and the customer. If the profit-sharing scheme is not optimal, it will lead bank suspicion, thus, banks will increase their control that it will directly have an impact on the rising of cost of monitoring and verification. Di Indonesia, kontrak yang lumayan tenar yang paling banyak digunakan oleh bank syariah adalah akad murabahah, yang sangat dekat dengan pembiayaan berbasis utang. Banyak peneliti berpendapat bahwa, fenonema ini karena risiko yang dihadapi oleh bank syariah khususnya terkait dengan moral hazard. Tulisan ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi kurangnya musharakah dan mudarabah kontrak dalam perspektif masalah agensi teori. Isu penting dalam tulisan ini adalah apakah masalah keagenan juga mendasari antara pelanggan sebagai agen dan bank syariah sebagai utama dalam kontrak pembiayaan. Dengan menggunakan paradigma holistik, yaitu menggabungkan nilai Islam dan teori konvensional, penelitian ini menemukan dua kesimpulan. Pertama, masalah keagenan dalam skema produk perbankan syariah adalah karena informasi asimetris antara agen dan principal. Prosedur yang ketat dan kriteria yang lebih tinggi menyebabkan jumlah mudarabah kontrak pembiayaan bank syariah tidak dapat mencapai kepada tingkat optimal. Kedua, masalah keagenan yang terjadi di bank syariah dapat terpecahkan dengan mengoptimalkan nisbah bagi hasil yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakter pelanggan. Nisbah bagi yang optimal dapat menekan masalah moral hazard, karena pelanggan harus mampu menjalankan bisnisnya dengan tingkat maksimum usaha dan mampu memaksimalkan pendapatan yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan harapan bank dan nasabah. Jika skema bagi hasil tidak optimal, hal itu akan menyebabkan kecurigaan Bank, dengan demikian, bank akan meningkatkan kendali mereka bahwa itu akan langsung berdampak pada meningkatnya biaya monitoring dan verifikasi
Dimensi politik hukum dalam perkembangan ekonomi Islam di Indonesia
Full text linkThis study aims to describe the history of recent Islamic economic development in the correlation to politics as a sought to formulated some Islamic economic laws. This qualitative study is an exploratory- analysis. It intended to analyze the position of Islamic economic in Indonesian’s system of law, so it will found the clear description of the implementation of Islamic economic laws in Indonesia. It is a library research. The study found that it is important to found the frame of the development of the products of Islamic economic law at the both period; i.e. New Order and Reformation Era. The concept of Islamic economy is still dominated by the application of Islamic principles in the areas of finance, especially banking. This dominance is not supposed to leave the Islamic economic instruments. In this respect, it associated with the political and legal product, then all the aspects and the Islamic economic instruments should be viewed comprehensively. Tulisan ini akan menguraikan mengenai sejarah ekonomi Islam modern dan keterkaitannya dengan politik dalam upaya merumuskan berbagai hukum ekonomi Islam. Penelitian kualitatif ini merupakan studi exploratory-analysis. Pendekatan ini dimaksudkan untuk menganalisis posisi ekonomi Islam dalam tata hukum Indonesia sehingga akan dapat diperoleh gambaran bagaimana bentuk implementasi ekonomi Islam di Indonesia. Penelitian kepustakaan ini menemukan urgensi untuk menemukan kerangka pengembangan produk hukum ekonomi Islam pada dua periode yang ada yaitu Orde Baru dan Era Reformasi. Konsep ekonomi Islam masih didominasi dengan penerapan prinsip Islam dalam bidang keuangan terutama perbankan. Dominasi ini tidak seharusnya melupakan instrumen ekonomi Islam lainnya karena jika dikaitkan dengan politik dan produk hukum, maka semua aspek dan instrumen ekonomi Islam tersebut harus bisa dilihat secara komprehensif
Kontekstualisasi hukum murtad dalam perspektif sejarah sosial hadis
Full text linkApostasy is a conversion of the original Muslim, abandoning the faith and following other religionthan Islam. In Islamic law, the perpetrator of apostasy will receive punishment of execution accordingto the jurists’ consensus. The consensus is understood from some hadiths containing the command toexecute the apostates and the fact of execution of apostates in the prophetic period of Muhammad saw.This article analyzes hadiths about the problematics of apostasy from the used terms, the background,and the contexts of the existance of command to execute apostates. The hadiths about apostasy wereanalyzed through socio-historical view of hadiths by the theory of compromise towards the seeminglycontradictive hadiths. The result of analysis shows that the background of execution of apostatestended to the war situation in that period and the social crimes committed by the apostates, indicated bythe existance of fact that the apostates committing religious crime, changing verses of al-Quran, receivedamnesty and were not executed. At present time, execution of apostates is a lively issue of debate. Theresult of analysis can provide other alternatives since apostate execution is not the only right way and itcannot be applied in any countries
Menempatkan nilai-nilai fikih Islam dalam proses modernisasi dan perubahan sosial studi tentang teori al-Tufi mazhab Hanbali
Full text linkAl-Tufi intellect in the field of usul fiqh impressed liberals and generalist, pure of logical thinking and the knowledge he gained from many cities and many Muslim theologians. No change in the system of theology. Maslahah concept used instead ra’yu free without limit, but methodological step with existing laws, customs used by the companions of the Prophet Umar, may Allah be pleased, and Imam Malik. The methodology used is bayan (exegesis) also taqyid and tahdid an-nas. Being based on bayan (exege- sis) also taqyid and tahdid an-nas and custom law, their values are as implemented by the method of ijtihad takhsis munfasil. It is used as a method to cope with the statement of the Koran that seem contradictory to each other. The goal is to create distance and theistic concept of fiqh imperative at that time, by directing the point of view of jurisprudence that not only theological but also humanistic. Intelektualitas Al-Tufi dalam bidang usul fiqh terkesan liberalis dan generalis, murni dari pemikiran logis dan pengetahuan ia peroleh dari banyak kota dan banyak teolog muslim. Tidak ada perubahan dalam sistem teologinya. Konsep maslahah yang digunakan bukan ra’yu bebas tanpa batas, namun metodologis melangkah dengan hukum yang ada, kebiasaan yang digunakan oleh sahabat Nabi Umar, ra. dan Imam Malik. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah bayan (penafsiran) juga taqyid dan tahdid an- nas. Dengan berbasis kepada bayan, taqyid dan tahdi d an-nas dan hukum adat, nilai-nilai mereka adalah seperti yang diterapkan oleh metode ijtihad takh munfasil. Hal ini digunakan sebagai salah satu metode untuk mengatasi pernyataan dari Al-Quran yang tampak kontradiktif satu sama lain. Tujuannya untuk membuat jarak konsep fikih imperatif dan teistik pada waktu itu, dengan mengarahkan titik pandang fikih yang tidak hanya secara teologis tetapi juga humanistik
Peluang baru keberterimaan Barat atas syariah Islam
Full text linkJudul :Membumikan Syariah, Pergulatan Mengaktualkan Islam Pengarang:Mohammad Hashim Kamali Penerbit :Noura Books (PT Mizan Publika) Tahun terbit:2013 Tebal :viii + 44
Legislasi hukum positif (fikih) Aceh: tinjauan pergumulan Qanun Hukum Jinayah
Full text linkThis article aims to describe the background of the struggle that occurs in the design draft of Qanun Law Jinâyat between the camps of scholars and civilian camps. This occurs because the heated debate in the Qanun contains stoning an adulteress muhsan in one of the article contents, so the legislation Qanun Law Jinayat as positive law (fiqh) Aceh impact stagnation after it was enacted. Then discussed and passed back after repeated revisions by the abolition of stoning law provisions. The method used is qualitative-phenomenological research with the historical approach. The results showed that includes stoning an adulteress muhsan Qanun Law Jinayah not contradict the hadith texts, and this has been agreed upon by the scholars. Terms of stoning also does not violate human rights, but including the goal of Personality ‘(maqasid al-Shari’ah) in the determination of the law, which is for the benefit of humans, in order to protect offspring (hifz al-nasl) as fulfillment daruriyyah (primary) of mafsadat. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan latar belakang lahirnya pergumulan yang terjadi pada draft rancangan Qanun Hukum Jinayah, yaitu antara kubu ulama dan kubu sipil. Perdebatan hangat ini terjadi karena dalam Qanun ini memuat hukum rajam bagi pezina muhsan dalam salah satu isi pasalnya, sehingga legislasi Qanun Hukum Jinayah sebagai hukum positif (fikih) Aceh berdampak kemandegan setelah disahkan. Kemudian dibahas dan disahkan kembali setelah dilakukan revisi ulang dengan dihapuskannya ketentuan hukum rajam. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif- fenomenologis, dengan pendekatan sejarah (historical approach). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa memuat hukum rajam bagi pezina muhsan dalam Qanun Hukum Jinayah tidaklah bertentangan dengan nas hadis, dan ini telah disepakati oleh para ulama. Ketentuan hukum rajam juga tidak melanggar Hak Asasi Manusia, melainkan termasuk tujuan syara’ (maqasid al-shari’ah) dalam penetapan hukum, yaitu demi kemaslahatan manusia, dalam rangka melindungi keturunan (hifz al-nasl) sebagai pemenuhan kebutuhan daruriyyah (primer) dari mafsadat