Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan
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Makna jilbab bagi perempuan Muslim Amerika: dinamika perjumpaan Islam dan budaya Amerika
No full textThis study deals with how American Muslim women gave meanings to hijab. The data used consistedof the verbal expressions of the subject of the study. The data source included the documents of newsand talks conducted by the National Public Radio (NPR) headquartered at Washington D.C. The data-collecting method was library research. The study concluded that the various views on hijab amongAmerican Muslim were more than the diversity of interpretations of the scriptures. They representedthe encountering dynamics of Islam and American culture. At the economic domain, American cultureaccommodated the hijab as it may represent certain values that helped sell American products. At thesocial, political, and religious domains, however, Americans had a greater prejudice and resistance as theyassociated hijab with fundamentalism, fanaticism, extremism, and even terrorism
Demokrasi dalam pluralitas: refleksi hegemoni barat-Islam
No full textIn pluralistic society, democracy has become the best solution for respecting human rights dan giving thefreedom of expression. Normatively, democracy could solve any social-political issues through majorityvoices. Even though, Islam has not mention the term of democracy, its basic tenets teaches thathumankind is equal before God; and it teaches that the nobility of humankind depends on theirproximity and nearness to God. Islam explicitly forbids the believe in that one nation to claim theirsuperiority than the others. In Islam, syura has the significant role of solving any kinds of problem inliving together. Thus, democracy in principle did not transgress the Islamic teaching on humanism. Onthe contrary, sectarianism has created negative sentiment and conflict between East and West whichapparently represented by United States and Middle East. Through their sophisticated camouflage theUnited States has accused almost Islamic countries as the hotspot of terrorism, even thought theirindictment has been factually wrong and misguided
Melacak perkembangan pemikiran keuangan publik Islam
No full textA major source of revenue for an Islamic state since the days of Umar ibn Khatab and until the decay ofthe Islamic civilization was kharaj and ‘ushr. In this paper a fiscal analysis of this levy will be presentedhighlighting what kharaj and ‘ushr understood by Khalifah Umar and early fuqaha. An Islamic govern-ment is not free to handle public money the way it likes. Public money should be spent judiciously toachieve desired goals. It is a duty of the government in a Muslim state not to squander public moneybut to utilize it to improve living standard of people. Technically, this duty needs to be explaining indetail by fuqaha. Encountered of the Islamic public finance thinking as scattered in Islamic literatureindicate that there is no such “missing link” in the construction of economic science as proposed by thethesis of the great gap, especially in the thoughts of public financial
Aspek hukum kontrak dagang via internet (cyberspace transactions) dalam perspektif sistem hukum Islam
No full textTrade contracts via the internet (cyberspace transactions) or e-commerce or in other terms is a necessity inthe development of cyberspace in the last ten decades. In terms of the applicable legal aspects, contractstrade via the internet is having a substantial difference with the conventional contract law. From theviewpoint of Islamic Law (fiqh), the implementation of e-commerce business transactions can besamed with al-salam transactions in the way of payment and delivery of commodities which serve as theobject of the transaction. Transactions in e-commerce over the Internet can be aligned with the principlesof the existing transaction in the transaction al-salam, especially relating to the parties involved in thetransaction, the consensus statement and transaction through a transaction object. Based on thesestudies, the commercial transactions over the Internet is allowed as long as meet the principles of thecontract (‘aqad) in Islam, namely: (1) the parties involved in implementing the contract with proves goodand sincerity; (2) the process of conveying statements of the consensus between party is clear and notconflicting with shar’i; and (3) the object of transactions (goods or services) is something that is halal
Globalisasi dan krisis ekologi: upaya konservasi dalam perspektif fikih lingkungan
No full textEnvironmental crisis has been recognized as a global phenomenon and has come at a level that veryendangers human life on earth. Environmental crisis is not a matter of a nation, race, religion, or group.It has been a common problem and requires global cooperation to overcome barriers regardless ofreligion and race. Within this framework, every religion and traditions required to contribute in jointactions to overcome the environmental crisis. This is so, because the efforts of political and secular laware considered no longer sufficient to resolve the tragedies of today’s ecological problem on earth.Therefore, this paper will explore the perspective of Environmental Fikih in the context of a globalmovement in overcome the environmental crisis
Patrarkhi dalam Sistem Keluarga Muslim Tradisional
No full textThe system of patriarchy has a minor view on women who are considered as subordinated to men due to their lack of intelligence. Religious texts interpreted from androcentric point of view, local culture of Arabian society of the middle age, and the influence of social system of Persians and romans are responsible in perpetuating the system patriarchy. By emphasizing universal concept of the Quran on justice, equality and harmony, this article aims to repudiate the argument of patriarchy which permeates traditional Muslim social system. This article also critically examines misogynic hadith on fitna, absolute surrender and lack of intelligence of women of wife, upon which patriarchal authority and women subordination is based
Model-Model Kreatif Distribusi Zakat Berbasis Masyarakat
No full textThis writing is aimed at exploring the models of zakat distribution that might be most applicable in modern era. This is necessary sine the zakat distribution presently doesn’t meet the persons in need maximally. Besides, the unnecessary impacts of zakat sometimes occur such as creating envy and quarreling among the people. Zakat can be distributed in consumptive and productive models. Consumptive models is a model in which zakat is directly give to the people to consume. In the productive models, zakat is distributed in such a way that zakat not is directly consumed at once but it is given to the people for production activity. Productive models involve In Kind, Revolving Fund (al-qard al-hasan), and mudarabah system. In kind system, zakat is distributed in the forms of production equipments. People use those equipment for productive activities so they can do business for their life. In revolving fund (al-qard al-hasan) system, zakat is given similar the the system in al-qard al- hasan, but and quarreling the profit of the business is shared with the zakat management board