Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan
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Gerakan penegakan syariah: studi gerakan sosial Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia di DIY
Get PDFAfter the new order (ORBA) has collapsed, HTI is the most solid and has the widest network among the other new Islamic movements that always struggle to implement the Sharia. Furthermore, HTI is the most radical movement because HTI does not only have aims to implement the Sharia but to build Islamic caliphate as well. How the Sharia concept in caliphate frame and the HTI effort in realizing the aims is the focus of this qualitative research. To answer this question, the researcher interviews some HTI activists and attends in some HTI activities in Yogyakarta. According to HTI, the Sharia encompasses every life aspect; such as worship, ethic, food, drink, dress or mu’amalah (government, economy, education, justness. Etc). The Sharia can only be applied perfectly (kaffah) in the Islamic caliphate system. The efforts of HTI in implementing the Sharia in the system of caliphate country are explained by using the Doug Macadam’s theories of social movement; those are 1) political opportunities 2) mobilizing structures; either internal, by tathqif, or external, by tathqif jama’i and talab al-nusrah, 3) framing process by sira’ al-fikri, kifah siyasi and tabanni masalih al-‘ummah. Refering to the social movement, HTI is a revolutionary movement which aims to replace the old social order at all by a new system. This movement tries to save and free the ummah from the broken and kufr system along with social critics to some social troubles which create crisis in life. Therefore, HTI will grow widely in social order which is full of poverty, injustice, corruption and all arbitrariness. Otherwise, HTI will be difficult to be big movement in the prosperous and just countries
Konsepsi jihad dalam konteks kehidupanmodern: pemikiran Sayyid Sabiq dan Abu Bakar Jabir al-Jazayri
No full textRecently, the term of jihad has been used by certain people for improper purposes. At the time of theProphet and the classical Islamic period, jihad meant as an effort to uphold and fight for Islam with awealth, soul, body, mind, and deeds. Nowdays certain people have been understanding and applyingthis term in the form of terror. They understand it solely as ‘the holy war’ against the unbelievers withparadise as a reward for martyrs who died for it. In the name of jihad, in this decade there are manybombings in Indonesia and other hemisphere. Bomb terrors not only occur in non-Muslim countriesbut also in Muslim countries which also cause Muslim victims. The question then is what are theiractions really the jihad as it is thought by Islam? To answer this question, this paper tries to explain theconcept of jihad in the perspective of two scholars who live in contemporary era, namely Sayyid Sabiqand Abu Bakr Jabir al-Jazayri by examining definition of jihad concept, legal basis and implementationof jihad, categories of jihad, and orientation of jihad understanding in the context of modern life.Through this study it is expected that the solution of jihad formulation in the context of modern lifecan be clarified and resolved.
Menelusuri karya intelektual Sayyid Usmanbin Yahya dalam bidang fikih
No full textSayyid Usman, a Hadrami scholar in the 19th and early 20th century was very controversial. He was themufty of Batavia as well as advisor to the Netherlands East Indies. Especially as a mufty, Sayyid Usmanwas becoming a reference to the people who requested for a ruling of law. Supported by his ownprinting litographyc, Sayyid Usman was able to convey his views dan ideas widely through the publica-tion of books and treatises. The books produced by Sayyid Usman specialized in the field of Islamic lawor fiqh which refers to social jurisprudence. While related to the fiqh of worship, more concise and verysimple. Among his works in the field of law, the book of al-Qawanin al-Shar’iyyah is a very importantwork. This book contains a methodological description on how to take a legal decision (fatwa). Asadmitted, the purpose of writing al-Qawanin is a guide for prince and a judge of religion, especially inlegal decisions based on Ahlu Sunna sect
Pelembagaan norma hukum Islam dalamperaturan daerah di Indonesia
No full textThe main problem of this paper is how political policy direction of local government and communityresponse to the institutionalization of norms of Islamic law in Indonesia’s local regulations. This paperuses the theoretical framework of thought which devides three Islamic groups, namely ideologicalIslamic group, moral-ethical Islamic group, and the middle way of Islam. In this paper, the direction ofgovernment policy was oriented towards the third Islamic group’s concept which institutionalizes theShari’a as a rule of formal government, but most of the only aspects of private law only, while theresponse of the majority of the community is oriented in a second Islamic group which requires theinstitutionalization of religious ethical values which the terms of Shari’ah institutionalized in thenational legal system. Therefore, the results of surveys and responses among Indonesian thinkers moreinquire the existence of the institutionalization of norms of Islamic law than accept it. However, if anyshould be institutionalized, they would prefer the public aspects of Shari’a which should be institution-alized and implemented
Chiefdom Madinah: mengurai kekeliruan tafsir Negara Islam
No full textTulisan ini mengangkat Apakah Negara Madinah itu sebuah doktrin teologis yang bersifat finalistis ataukah eksperimentasi sejarah yang bersifat kondisional? Buku Chiefdom Madinah ini ditulis dengan riset amat serius. Pendekatan dan metode yang dipakai dalam buku ini interpretasi sosio-historis. Dengan metode book review peneliti memperlihatkan kepada pembaca ternyata bagi penulis buku Chiefdom Madinah: Salah Paham Negara Islam bahwa Islam dan tradisi Arab jahiliah sama-sama memberi andil bagi kemunculan “Chiefdom Madinah”, yakni sebentuk pranata kekuasaan terpusat pra-negara (pre-state) yang jadi sumbu tata kelola masyarakat Muslim Arab di Madinah dan wilayah taklukannya di masa Rasulullah SAW dan keempat khalifah penggantinya. Praktik pengorganisasian kekuasaan pada waktu itu memang menyerap banyak elemen sosial-budaya setempat, bersifat sementara, ad hoc, dan belum menampakkan bentuknya yang matang. Hingga kini, belum ada kesepakatan mengenai konsep politik dalam Islam, seperti konsep sebuah negara Islam. Negara Islam yang didirikan Rasulullah dipandang sebagai bentuk paling ideal. Tapi, masih terbatas pada ajaran yang ideal, belum sampai pada model baku dan terperinci yang dibutuhkan dalam pendirian sebuah negara modern. Buku ini hadir di tengah banyaknya tuntutan sekolompok orang yang ingin memperjuangkan syariat Islam dalam bernegara karena dianggap pilihan ideal untuk menjawab segala persoalan dan problem kemanusiaan dan keumatan. Sementara, perjuangan menegakkan syariat dikhawatirkan justru akan menjadikan agama sebagai alat legitimasi politik belaka. Setidaknya, dengan membaca buku ini kita tidak lagi terjebak pada perdebatan-perdebatan sempit yang mengarah pada hal-hal yang sifatnya distorsif. Buku ini merupakan hasil kajian yang sangat penting bagi khazanah politik Islam, khususnya dalam konteks Indonesia yang terkadang masih berlangsung tarik menarik antara Negara agama dan Negara sekuler
Bersanding dalam resepsi perkawinan:refleksi atas pandangan dan perilaku hukum di Kota Palangka Raya
No full textAccording to the seven marriage couples and three fatwa givers which become of the subjects of thestudy, the mixture of the place for the bride and the groom is prohibited (haram) because it can provokefitnah, there is tabarruj, ask for the highest bride price, focus more on the gifts, and money from theguests and the other people who spread out the yellow rice. The doers don’t know the legal argumentsand even taqlid to the fatwa givers but they don’t have reliable arguments. The doers only argue that lifeof men and women should be separated as in salat and there is no nas that allows the bride and thegroom to sit next to each other. Ikhtilat is allowed to do in the market or workplace because was practicedduring prophet Muhammad SAW’ life. This argument is weak and hard to accept and it traps us becausethere is a great potency of disadvantage between Ikhtilat in the market and work place compared toIkhtilat in wedding reception
Rekonstruksi teori maslahah dan signifikansinya dalam pengembangan ekonomi Islam
No full textThe article traces to find the significance of maslahah to solve Islamic economics problems in the ageof globalization. The age of globalization supported by information technologies revolution makes allaspects of human life changes rapidly especially in economic activities. Islamic economic developmentrequired ijtihad with respect to the reality. In the context of ijtihad, Islamic economic require to be wokeup in the frame of maqasid shari‘ah. Maslahah, as important part of maqasid, need to be placed proportion-ally. Benefit, maslahah, and benediction (falah) will be reached only if Islamic values and principles areimplemented in the economic behavior. Neglecting to one of them will make it cripple. Applycation ofeconomic principles without Islamic values will only give material benefit, while principal execution andvalue will bear benediction and benefit or maslahah eternity world. Therefore consumer whose applyingsufficiency principle in buying goods, will buy goods so that minimum requirement of him fufilled. Hewill sought to fulfill the requirement without require to look into the availibility of goods to others. Onthe contrary if only executed principle, hence it will yield earthly benefit
Sistem penanggalan Hijriah Mohammad Shawkat Odeh
No full textThis paper discusses the Hejric calendar system by Mohammad Shawkat Odeh, one of Muslim astrono-mers from the Islamic world who offers new criterion for lunar crescent’s visibility and the Hejriccalendar system. This article describes and analyzes some concepts proposed by Odeh concerning hisab(calculation) and rukyah (moon-sighting) such as criteria for the crescent visibility. The criteria offered byOdeh is the result of a long-time research (from 1859 – 2005 and totalled 737 observations). TheUniversal Hejric Calendar proposed by Odeh divides the world into two zones: the westerns zonecovers American continent and the eastern zone covers Asian, African, Australian, and European conti-nents. Although there are some problems caused by the division of zones, the idea that most ofMuslim countries includes in the same zone is expected to reduce the problem of dissimilarity indetermining the new moon. Consequently, the unification of the first date of the month and also theIslamic calendar is possible
Mengukur Kuasa Fikih dan Teologi Atas Pemikiran: Studi Kasus Fatwa Pengharaman Liberalism, Sekularisme, dan Pluralisme
No full textIslamic law (fiqh) can penalize every actual deviance done by people in is sovereignty. The deviance in this case is a concept about the action that breaks existing laws accepted widely by a Muslim community. But Islamic law can do that only if the certain action evenly influents to others. Thinking is cerebral and mental doings not practice and sometime it cannot be stopped as long as the fascinating answer and not yet been gained. But undoubtedly, a though as fruit of thinking especially of well-know individuals, has bigger, wider, and more influence to others than an action has. If the impact is considered as bad due to public or religious authority, the thought and its thinker occasionally will be punished in many ways, Is it proper when a certain authority monitors, examines, and judges the thoughts spreading and if necessary punishes the thinkers when deemed ‘’dangerous’’? Should such thought be classified haram or heretic? How much power does Islamic law truly has? These are many questions need to be responded that we know our right to free thinking and understand when we ought to restrict it
