Makara Journal of Science
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KELIMPAHAN PLANKTON DI EKOSISTEM PERAIRAN TELUK GILIMANUK, TAMAN NASIONAL, BALI BARAT
No full textPlankton abundance in Gilimanuk Bay of National Park Ecosystem, West Bali. An observation of plankton condition in Gilimanuk Bay of National Park, West Bali was conducted during March 2006. This study aimed to observ the environmental quality of Gilimanuk Bay water. The parameters observed were focused on the phytoplankton and zooplankton communities. Ten points of observation was done. Plankton abundance varied with location group from 4428 to 1716224 sel/m3 and 23938 individu/m3 (67.73 %) for microplankton and macroplankton, respectively. Microplankton community structure was dominated by the group of diatoms, such as Coscinodiscus, Chaetoceros, Guinardia, Navicula. Pseudonitzshia. The genus Ceratium (the group of dinoflagellates) was found in relatively abundant, but still normal condition. The structure of macroplankton was dominated by copepods 23938 individu/m3 (67.73 %). The other hand, information about mangrove, sea grass and coral reef and asssosiation with fauna in these ecosystem of Gilimanuk Bay very rarely. We need observed this subject for base line data to improving management of marine resources development. Keywords: plankton, environment condition, Gilimanuk Ba
PENGGUNAAN METODE ANALISA EKOLOGI DAN PENGINDERAAN JAUH UNTUK PEMBANGUNAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS EKOSISTEM PANTAI
No full textApplication of Remote Sensing and Ecology Analysis Method for Geographic Information System of Coastal Ecosystem. With the development that have been done on all Indonesian coastal area, the damaged can be suffered from day to day. The decrease of environmental or ecosystem quality occurred and effected the economic, social and cultural life directly or indirectly. Based on that condition, data or information is needed to look accurately the decrement level and the way to handle it. One method that can be used is a computer based technology which commonly called Geographic Information System (GIS). The technology can gathering, recording, processing and displaying data or information which is obtained directly or indirectly from the field. As the data to be said acceptable with high validity, then before it is being acknowledged, then an ecology analysis and remote sensing technology can be done first.Keywords: remote sensing, lansdsat thematic mapper, coverage, geographic information syste
APPLICATION OF HYDROXYAPATITE IN PROTEIN PURIFICATION
No full textThe precursors, Na2HPO4.2H2O and CaCl2.2H2O are used for synthesizing pure hydroxyapatite which less of carbonate content. The high temperature of sintering, about 700oC of temperature, is treated to minimize the carbonate group on hydroxyapatite surface. Carbonate content of hydroxyapatite which is sintered in 700oC is less than 110oC. It indicates an increasing temperature of sintering will increase crystallinity and decrease carbonate content of hydroxapatite. This method gave better way to resulting hydroxyapatite crystal. The patterns of band of SDS PAGE in resulting of Protein Purification by DEAE matrix is also appear in using hydroxyapatite matrix. The other band also appear in purification by hydroxyapatite matrix, it showed that hydroxyapatite not only has DEAE matrix characteristic as anion exchange but also has kation exchange characteristic. These patterns proof that hydroxyapatite could be used in protein purification as matrix as cation an anion exchange. Additionally, apatite matrix is abiding and can be used repeatedly more than one hundred times without contamination. Keywords: hydroxyapatite, protein purification, wet metho
KESETIMBANGAN AIR SUB DAS KARANGMUMUS DI KOTA SAMARINDA
No full textWater Balance Analysis at Karangmumus River Basin Area (RBA) Samarinda City. Karangmumus RBA to getting degradation pressure being concrete drying and flooding so much to frighten. Climate data from BMG Temindung and SPAS Lempake has to water balance analysis based on Hewlett and Nutter methode. This region have the Area Class III (1500–2000 mm/year). With the bimodel or double wave rainfall models with C patern. The hight rainfall depth periode at December and April, therefore the low rainfall depth at September and November. Have level Q = ± 9.9%, or rainfall tipe A (very wet area with tropical wet vegetation) and E1 agroclimte zone. Water balance monthly indicated that this area have to water surplus 8 month, i.e. January (27.0 mm), February (57.3 mm), March (119.7 mm), April (72.8 mm), May (48.4 mm), Juni (19.6 mm), November (58.7 mm) and December (75.3 mm), or total amounts water surplus 478.8 mm/year. The water deficits at Juni (0.4 mm), July (0.3 mm), Augus (3.9 mm), September (13.6 mm) and October (26.7 mm) or total amount water deficits (44.5 mm/year). Keywords: water balanced, Karangmumus river basin area (RBA
DETEKSI PEMALSUAN CITRA BERBASIS DEKOMPOSISI NILAI SINGULIR
No full textImage Fakery Detection Based on Singular Value Decomposition. The growing of image processing technology nowadays make it easier for user to modify and fake the images. Image fakery is a process to manipulate part or whole areas of image either in it content or context with the help of digital image processing techniques. Image fakery is barely unrecognizable because the fake image is looking so natural. Yet by using the numerical computation technique it is able to detect the evidence of fake image. This research is successfully applied the singular value decomposition method to detect image fakery. The image preprocessing algorithm prior to the detection process yields two vectors orthogonal to the singular value vector which are important to detect fake image. The result of experiment to images in several conditions successfully detects the fake images with threshold value 0.2. Singular value decomposition-based detection of image fakery can be used to investigate fake image modified from original image accurately. Keywords: image fakery, orthogonalized vector, singular value decompositio
SEISMOGRAM CONSTRUCTION TO FIT THE RECORDED B032593C EARTHQUAKE, JAPAN ON OBSERVATION STATION BFO, GERMANY
No full textIn this research the model of earth layers between earthquake's epicenter in Hokkaido Japan and observation station in Black Forest of Observatory (BFO), Germany is investigated. The earth model is 1-D that represents the average speed model. The earth model is obtained by seismogram comparison between data and synthetic seismogram in time domain and three components simultaneously. Synthetic Seismogram is calculated with the Green's function of the Earth by MINor Integration (GEMINI) program, where program's input is initially the earth model IASPEI91, PREMAN and also the Centroid Moment Tensor (CMT) solution of the earthquake. A Butterworth low-pass filter with corner frequency of 20 mHz is imposed to measured and synthetic seismogram. On seismogram comparison we can findunsystematic discrepancies, covering the travel time and waveform of all wave phases, namely on P, S, SS wave andsurface wave of Rayleigh and Love. Solution to the above mentioned discrepancies needs correction to the earthstructure, that covering the change of earth crust thickness, the gradient of βh and value of zero order coefficient in βh and βv in upper mantle, to get the fitting on the surface wave of Love and Rayleigh. Further correction to accomplish the discrepancies on body waves is conducted on layers beneath upper mantle down to depth of 630 km, where a little change at speed model of P and S wave is carried out. The number of oscillation amount especially on Love wave is influenced by earth crust depth earth. Good fitting is obtained at phase and amplitude of Love wave, but also at amplitude of some body wave too. This effect is not yet been exploited for the determination of moment tensor.Keywords: seismogram, velocity model from upper mantle – CMB, Wavefor
MODEL-INDEPENDENT EXTRACTION OF THE KΛp COUPLING CONSTANT
No full textWe have extracted the kaon-hyperon-nucleon coupling constant by means of a model-independent method and recent experimental data on kaon photoproduction off a nucleon. The extracted coupling constant is consistent with the SU(3) prediction as well as with the values obtained from the kaon-nucleon scattering process. Keywords: Coupling constant, kaon, hyperon, electromagnetic production, strangenes
PENINGKATAN MUTU SARI BUAH NANAS DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN SISTEM FILTRASI ALIRAN DEAD-END DARI MEMBRAN SELULOSA ASETAT
No full textThe main idea of this research is determination of alternating food technology using acetate cellulose membrane. The Cellulose acetate membrane can be used to filter several solution like extract of pineapple. Filtration technique of dead-end flow system was used to improve the quality of pineapple extract. The filtration system was condition in a state of under pressure energy, gravity force and squealer velocity variation. Flux of membrane for all process treat to experience of degradation increasedly it time filtrasi. Assess got highest flux to process with squealer 22 cm/s and pressure equal to 1,021 x 105 Pascal. Assess obtained biggest rejeksi to process filtrasi without treating pressure and also squealer. Membrane which have been weared by process of filtrasi experience of event fouling. Result of screening with this filtration system show quality improvement, that is homogeneous mount, downhill turbidity, totalize dissolve solution (TPT), and the downhill viscosity. Assess prosentase of change of choiseness have got for the condensation yielded from process of filtration without treatment of emphasis and squealer. Others, at condensation yielded from treating experience of change assess pH which is not big. So that this condensation own best quality
Pemanfaatan Maltodekstrin Dari Pati Singkong Sebagai Bahan Penyalut Lapis Tipis Tablet
No full textThe Use of Maltodextrin from Tapioca Starch as a Film Coating Tablet Material. Maltodexrin is a modifi ed starch productwhich can be use as a material fi lm coating tablet. The aim of the research was to study the capability of maltodextrin asa material fi lm coating exipient. Maltodextrin DE 5-10 was made by hidrolysis of tapioca starch with α-amylase enzymefrom NOVO (Termamyl L120®), at 80° C, for 65 minute. Maltodextrin was used as a fi lm coating material at concentration10%,15%,20% dan 25%. As a comparative fi lm coating material was used HPMC. The evaluation of the coating tabletwas done accordance to Farmacope Indonesia third and fourth edition. The result show that maltodextrin DE 5-10 fromtapioca starch can be used as fi lm coating at concentration 10-25% with concentration 10% gave better result a HPMC
Reaksi Penataan Ulang Sigmatropik Hidrogen [1,3] Secara Termal Dan Reaksi Penataan Ulang Prototropik [1,3] Yang Dikatalisis Oleh Katalis Transfer Fase (PTC) , [18]-Crown Ether-6: Semi-Sintesis Vanili Dari Eugenol
No full textSemi-synthesis of vanillin from eugenol can be divided into two step reactions namely, isomerization of eugenol into isoeugenol, and cleavage oxidation of isomerization product into expected reaction product (vanillin). In this work isomerization of eugenol or eugenyl acetate into isoeugenol or isoeugenyl acetate has been done via the following reactions:(1) Sigmatropic hydrogen (1,3) thermalic rearrangement reaction: direct heating of eugenol or eugenyl acetate at 220oCfor 8 hours can produce 52.2% of isoeugenol or 65.7% of isoeugenyl acetate (both chemical yields are measured by means nmr-spectrometer), where products are viscose yellow-brownish liquid as mixture of unseparated starting material andisomerization product. (2) Prototropic (1,3) rearrangement catalyzed by phase transfer catalyst (PTC): (18)-crown ether-6at room temperature can be afforded 71.4% of isoeugenol as light yellow liquid (mixture of unseparated starting materialand isomerization product). Without any separation of mixture between isomerization product and starting material followedby subsequent cleavage oxidation using KMnO4 as oxidator in neutral condition catalyzed by phase transfer catalyst: (18)-crown ether-6 at room temperature for 3 hours can be yielded 16.5-22.9% of vanillin (from the starting material; eugenolor eugenyl acetate). The spectroscopical data of synthetical vanillin is not rather different with the spectroscopical data ofauthentical natural vanillin.Keywords: Eugenol, isoeugenol, vanillin, sigmatropic, prototropi