Makara Journal of Science
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Earthquakes Sources Parameter Estimation of 20080917 and 20081114 Near Semangko Fault, Sumatra Using Three Components of Local Waveform Recorded by IA Network Station
No full textThe 17/09/2008 22:04:80 UTC and 14/11/2008 00:27:31.70 earthquakes near Semangko fault were analyzed to identify the fault planes. The two events were relocated to assess physical insight against the hypocenter uncertainty. The datas used to determine source parameters of both earthquakes were three components of local waveform recorded by Geofon broadband IA network stations, (MDSI, LWLI, BLSI and RBSI) for the event of 17/09/2008 and (MDSI, LWLI, BLSI and KSI) for the event of 14/11/2008. Distance from the epicenter to all station was less than 5°. Moment tensor solution of two events was simultaneously analyzed by determination of the centroid position. Simultaneous analysis covered hypocenter position, centroid position and nodal planes of two events indicated Semangko fault planes. Considering that the Semangko fault zone is a high seismicity area, the identification of the seismic fault is important for the seismic hazard investigation in the region. Keywords: Semangko fault planes, waveform inversion and earthquake sourc
The Acoustical Properties of Indonesian Hardwood Species
No full textThe acoustical properties of four Indonesian tropical hardwood species were evaluated in this study. The objectives were to determine acoustical parameters e.g. logarithmic decrement, sound absorption, sound velocity as well as density and wood stiffness; and to evaluate the potential of those species for acoustical purposes. Sonokeling (Dalbergia latifolia), Mahoni (Swietenia mahagony), Acacia (Acacia mangium) and Manii wood (Maesopsis eminii) were selected in this research. Three different cutting plane patterns of sawn timber (quarter-sawn, flat-sawn, and plain-sawn) were converted into small specimens. The methods for determining acoustical properties were longitudinal vibration testing and time of flight of ultrasonic wave method. The result showed no significant difference (α=0.05) of acoustical properties in logarithmic decrement, sound absorption, and ultrasonic velocity means on quarter-sawn, flat-sawn, and plain-sawn for all wood species tested. It was found that Mahoni and Sonokeling had good acoustical properties of logarithmic decrement, ultrasonic wave velocity, and ratio of wood stiffness to wood density; and is preferred for crafting musical instruments. Acacia and Manii wood are recommended for developing acoustic panels in building construction because those species possess higher sound absorption values.Keywords: acoustical properties, logarithimic decrement, sound absorption, ultrasonic wave velocity, tropical wood specie
Preparation, Characterization and Catalytic Activity of CuO/TS-1 on Benzene Hydroxylation Reaction
No full textCuO/TS-1 catalysts have been prepared and tested in the benzene hydroxylation. TS-1 was synthesized by hydrothermal method, while CuO/TS-1 was prepared by impregnation method using Cu(NO)2.3H2O as precursor. Catalysts were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and N2 adsorption-desorption techniques. The catalytic activity was tested in the hydroxylation reaction of benzene. The products were analyzed using gas chromatography. Catalyst characterization by XRD and IR techniques have showed that the catalyst structure was a MFI type of zeolite. XRD pattern have showed the orthorombic structure and indicated the presence of CuO aggregation. The results of the pyridine adsorption have found that the acidity of TS-1 and CuO/TS-1 were a Lewis acid and it’s increased with an increasing amount of CuO loading. The results of nitrogen adsorption analysis have showed decreasing of surface areas of catalyst with increasing amount of CuO loading. The optimum conditions of benzene hydroxylation was observed by 1%CuO/TS-1 catalyst at 70 °C, reaction time 2 h and acetic acid as the solvent yielded 27.6% of phenol with phenol selectivity was 75.5%. 
Effects of Neutrino Electromagnetic form Factors on Neutrino Interaction with Finite Temperature Electron Matters
No full textThe differential cross-section of neutrino interaction with dense and warm electron gasses has been calculated by taking into account the neutrino electromagnetic form factors. The significant effect of electromagnetic properties of neutrino can be found if the neutrino dipole moment, μ ν , is ≥ 5.10-9 μB and neutrino charge radius, Rv, is ≥ 5.10-6 MeV-1. The importance of the retarded correction, detailed balance and Pauli blocking factors is shown and analyzed. Many-body effects on the target matter which are included via random phase approximation (RPA) correlation as well as photon effective mass are also investigated
Synthesizing Derivatives from Cyclopentanone Analogue Curcumin and Their Toxic, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities
No full textThree types of cyclopentanone derivatives have been synthesized from aromatic aldehyde and ketone derivatives under a base condition through aldol condensation. These cyclopentanone products were 2,5-dibenzylidene-cyclopentanone (a), 2,5-bis-(4-hydroxy benzylidene)-cyclopentanone (b), and 2,5-bis-(4-hydroxy-benzylidene)-cyclopentanone (c) which has a yield of 63-99%. The chemical structure of these compounds were determined using UV, IR and NMR spectroscopy. In order to clarify the role of hydroxyl and amine moieties, toxic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were carried out. The toxic test indicated that the compounds showed strong toxicity. In addition, the presence of hydroxyl and amine groups on both rings of curcumin increased the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities
Modification of Gold Nanoparticles at Carbon Electrodes and the Applications for Arsenic (III) Detections
No full textModification of carbon, including boron-doped diamond (BDD) and glassy carbon (GC), using gold nanoparticle (AuNP) was developed by self-assembly technique. This technique is based on electrostatic interaction between citrate- capped AuNP to amine terminal groups after surface modification of BDD and GC. The fabricated materials, AuNP-BDD and AuNP-GC, were then utilized as electrodes for As3+ detection using anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) technique. Anodic stripping voltammograms of both AuNP-BDD and AuNP-GC electrodes showed similar peak potentials of As° oxidation at ~0.21 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in optimum conditions of -500 mV, 180 s, and 100 mV/s for deposition potential, deposition time, and scan rate, respectively. AuNP-BDD shows better performances in the case of wide linear concentration range (0-20 mM) and low limit of detection (0.39 mM or 4.64 ppb), whereas those of AuNP-GC were linear in the concentration range of 0-10mM with a detection limit of 0.14 mM (13.12 ppb). Excellent reproducibility was shown with RSDs (n=20) of 2.93% and 4.54% at AuNP-BDD and AuNP-GC, respectively. However, decreasing of current responses in 6-concecutive days was found more at AuNP-BDD (~20.1%) than that at AuNP-GC (~2.8%). Keywords: anodic stripping voltammetry, arsenic, boron-doped diamond, glassy carbon, gold nanoparticle
Heterocyclic Synthesis Using Nitrilimines: Part 18. Synthesis Of New Fused Heterocycles Containing Triazinone Moiety
No full textA series of new 4,5-dihydro-6-oxo-1,2,4-triazino[4,5-b]1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carbolines were synthesized by the reaction of methyl 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylate and the appropriate hydrazonoyl halide in presence of triethylamine. The structures of the title compounds have been established by their elemental analyses and spectroscopecal data. The microbial features of some of the synthesized compounds were studied by a known method. 
Correction of The Ground State Energy of One-Dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii Equation with Gain-Loss Term
No full textWe consider the correction of ground state energy of one-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation by adding a gain-loss term as a time-dependent external potential. The interesting purpose of this term is that it can be used to explain the experimental results especially in the nonlinear fiber optics regarding the pulse propagation and collapse-revival of the condensate in the Bose-Einstein condensation. In the Bose-Einstein condensation itself, the function can represent that condensate can interact with the normal atomic cloud. Some analytical solutions have been obtained by choosing an ansatz solution of the wave function and its solution can be dark or bright soliton. Since the Gross-Pitaevskii equation can be treated as a macroscopic quantum oscillator, we can use time-dependent perturbation theory as in ordinary quantum mechanics to find the ground state energy correction if we assume other terms to be very small. In addition, time-dependent potential allows a transition from one energy level to others. In this case, we expand the solution of nonstationary one-dimensional wave function as a linear superposition of harmonic oscillator normalized eigen functions. To get the recursive formulas, we suggest an option to formulate the coefficients after inserting the initial condition which must be satisfied such as in quantum mechanics
Isolation, Cloning and Characterization of Actin-Encoding cDNAs from Jatropha curcas L. IP-2P
No full textActin is a major component of the plant cytoskeleton, so all cells contain this protein. Actin is expressed constitutively and is involved in basic housekeeping functions required for cell maintenance. Because of this, it has been frequently used as an internal control to normalize changes in gene expressions analysis. Actually, the information of nucleotide sequence of actin gene of Jatropha curcas L. population IP-2P from Indonesia is not available yet. The objective of this research was to isolate, clone and characterize cDNA of actin genes of J. curcas IP-2P. Three partial actin gene sequences had been successfully isolated by PCR using total cDNA as template, and actin primer designed from conserved region of Arabidopsis thaliana. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed that the length of JcACT fragment is 610, 534, and 701 bp encoding 203, 177, and 234 amino acids respectively. Local alignment analysis based on mRNA sequences shows that JcACT fragment shares 98% similarity with actin mRNA of Hevea brasiliensis and 99% with actin mRNA of Ricinus communis. Based on deduced amino acid sequence, JcACT is 100% identical to actins from Prunus salicina, Gossypium hirsutum, and Betula luminifera. Even though these clones of cDNA are not completed yet, they can be used as reference in J. curcas L. gene expression analysis
Cloning of Dengue Virus Type 3 (Indonesian Strain D3-1703) Non Structural-1 Gene Into pYES2/CT Vector
No full textDengue is an infectious disease caused by dengue virus. Dengue endemic region includes America, Western Pacific, Africa, East Mediterranian, and South East Asia including Indonesia. An early diagnostic system specific for Indonesia is needed to control dengue in Indonesia. In this research, cloning of Non Structural 1 (NS1) gene from dengue virus type 3 (Indonesian strain D3-1703) into pYES2/CT vector was performed. In the long run, NS1 recombinant protein will be expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for diagnostic materials. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of NS1 gene fragments were done with optimal annealing temperature at 55 ºC. NS1 gene fragment and pYES2/CT were cut by BamH I and Not I enzymes. The digested pYES2/CT was dephosphosrylated using Calf Intestine Alkaline Phospatase enzyme. Ligation with the vector:insert ratio of 1:12 and 1:20 resulted in 6 and 5 recombinant colony candidates respectively. Restriction enzyme and PCR verifications showed that 5 recombinant plasmids contained NS1 gene. Sequencing of the first 600 bp of one recombinant plasmid was performed. The blastn analysis showed that it had a 99% identity with dengue virus type 3 strain FW06. Finally, it was shown that NS1 clone within pYES2/CT was in the correct Open Reading Frame and ready to be expressed in S. cerevisiae