Journal of Information Systems and Technology Management
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Focal groups on-line: from the conceptual reflections to the virtual environment application
Get PDFAs tecnologias de comunicação têm papel renovador na contemporaneidade, no que se refere à interação humana. No entanto, pode-se destacar sua influência em outros aspectos do cotidiano, como sua influência na pesquisa. Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever e discutir os aspectos que envolvem a aplicação de grupos focais em ambiente virtual, denominados grupos focais on-line, visando a destacar fatores que podem orientar o seu uso em pesquisa com destaque para aquelas dirigidas para investigar opiniões e percepções de atores sociais. Os aspectos abordados neste artigo estão baseados em parte na experiência de aplicação dos autores, com vistas à elaboração de tese de doutorado. Abordam-se também os fundamentos teóricos de grupos focais presenciais e sua transposição para o ambiente virtual. Por fim, apresentam-se algumas sugestões aos interessados nesta estratégia de pesquisa com base nos resultados da experiência de aplicação realizada.Communication technologies have a renovating role in contemporaneity with regard to human interaction. One can however highlight their influence on other everyday aspects, like their influence in research. The objective of this paper is to describe and discuss the aspects that involve the application of focal groups in a virtual environment, denominated on-line focal groups, with the aim of highlighting factors that can guide their use in research, especially for research which is geared towards investigating opinions and perceptions of social players. The aspects broached in this paper are based in part on the application experience of the players, with a view to elaborating a doctorate thesis. The theoretical fundamentals of presential focal groups and their migration to the virtual environment are also broached. Finally some suggestions are presented to those who are interested in this research strategy, based on the results obtained through this experience.
Institutionalism and information systems: current state of the art and position of french research
Get PDFThe various currents of institutionalism are used in management science, particularly in the area of information systems. Richard Scott\u27s global model is a fertile framework for the analysis of institutional research. First, we will study the contributions of French research to institutionalism. Then, returning to the fundamentals of information systems (IS), we will show that the interaction between institutions and IS can be analysed via the notion of formal and informal rules. Research carried out at the University of Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense provides several illustrations, particularly on virtual worlds
Career and work relations in the information technology service industry: the perspectives of IT professionals and their managers
Get PDFO estudo investiga as relações de trabalho e perspectivas de carreira de profissionais de TI que atuam em empresas prestadoras de serviço de Tecnologia da Informação. A pesquisa se baseia no caso de executivos, gerentes e funcionários do corpo técnico de uma grande empresa brasileira de consultoria e serviços de desenvolvimento e implantação de sistemas, e evidencia uma grande fragilidade no vínculo da empresa com esses profissionais. O modelo de gestão de pessoas adotado parece impor restrições para o desenvolvimento dos profissionais, consequentemente limitando seu desempenho futuro e concorrendo para a gradativa desvalorização da área de TI enquanto profissão. A sustentabilidade desse modelo é discutida, tendo em vista seus riscos em longo prazo para a qualidade e competitividade dos serviços prestados pelas empresas, bem como suas implicações para a atratividade da carreira na área de Tecnologia da Informação.This study investigates work relations and career perspectives of IT professionals in the information technology service industry. The research is based on the case of executives, managers and technical professionals which work in a large Brazilian company that provides consulting and systems development and implementation services, and reveals a considerable vulnerability in the relationship between the company and such professionals. The human resources business model adopted seems to impose restrictions to the development of the professionals, consequently limiting their future performance, and concurring for the continuing devaluation of IT as a profession. The sustainability of such a model is discussed, given its long term risks for the companies\u27 service quality and competitiveness, as well as its implications for the attractiveness of Information Technology as a career
Influence of the implementation factors in the information systems quality for the user satisfaction
Get PDFThis research studies the influence range of the organizational, planning and technical factors within the information quality, system quality and information systems services quality, in the user satisfaction, based on the designed model research for this purpose. The empirical study takes place in six Higher Education Institutes (94 questionnaires) by the Partial Least Square statistic tool. The results has shown that Organizational Factor (information needs, management support, institutional objectives satisfaction) is which has the most impact because its high correlation value (R=0.624; R=0.435 yR=0.428) and signifi cance (pEsta investigación estudia el nivel de influencia de los factores organizacional, planificación y técnico con la calidad de la Información, del sistema y de los servicios en la satisfacción del usuario, basado en un modelo diseñado para este propósito. El estudio empírico hecho en seis universidades mexicanas por medio de PLS, muestra que el Factor Organizacional es el que tiene un mayor impacto por sus altos valores de correlación (R=0.624; R=0.435 y R=0.428) y significancia en las tres hipótesis planteadas con una varianza explicada del 78.8% en la Satisfacción del Usuario, quienes piensan que la calidad de los sistemas les ayudan a aumentar la productividad en su toma de decisiones
The context of establishing project management offices in the IT area: two case studies
Get PDFConcluir projetos estratégicos da área de Tecnologia de Informação (TI) conforme planejado certamente é um importante objetivo para organizações de grande porte. Uma das medidas adotadas para alcançar de forma sistemática esse objetivo é criar um Escritório de Projetos na área de TI (EP-TI). Entretanto, muitas empresas consideram a possibilidade de criar um EP-TI, mas decidem não fazer isso. Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa exploratória sobre os direcionadores contextuais que determinam a decisão das empresas de criar EP-TIs. Através de dois estudos de caso em grandes empresas nacionais - uma que criou a entidade e outra que acredita não precisar dela -, foram identificados os direcionadores da decisão de criar ou não criar um EP-TI, tendo sido possível confirmar alguns dos direcionadores da decisão previstos na literatura. O artigo aumenta o entendimento sobre este tema que é importante dentro da Administração de Tecnologia de Informação, bem como indica caminhos para pesquisa futura.Completing strategic Information Technology (IT) projects as planned is certainly an important objective for large firms. One of the measures adopted to reach this goal systematically is to create a Project Management Office in the IT area (PMO-IT). However, many firms consider the possibility of creating a PMO-IT, but decide not to do it. This paper presents the results of an exploratory research about the contextual drivers that determine the decision to create PMO-Its. Through two case studies of large Brazilian firms - one that created the entity and another which believes does not need it -, the drivers of the decision to create or not to create a PMO-IT were identified, and it was possible to confirm some of the drivers mentioned in the literature. This paper increases the undertstanding about this topic, which is important in the Management Information Systems field, as well as indicates paths for future research
Factors of influence on the entrepreneurial interest: an analysis with students of information technology related courses
Get PDFThe purpose of the research was to analyze the entrepreneurial interest of students in information technology related courses. A literature review was performed, from which four hypotheses were announced, affirming that the student interest in entrepreneurial activity is influenced by (1) the perceived vocation of the area, (2) the ownership of a company, (3) the perceived social support from friends and family, and (4) the entrepreneurial skills mastery. A field study was developed, with data collected from the 171 students of higher education institutions from Fortaleza. The data were analyzed by using statistical techniques of descriptive analysis, analysis of variance, and multiple regression analysis. It was found that: (1) students, in general, have a moderate predisposition to engage in entrepreneurial activities; (2) the entrepreneurial interest is influenced by the perceived entrepreneurial vocation of the area, the social support, and the perceived strategic entrepreneurial skills mastery
ERP systems implementation in complex organizations
Get PDFERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems implementation is a great organizational change, which many times does not reach the desired results. This paper proposes to help understand this implementation, considering that the knowledge of change and evolution processes in organizations may lead to other aspects to be considered, assisting in the identification of the most appropriate actions, restrictions and items that may help sustain the change. It proposes a complex organizational reference model to contribute understanding of the implementation process. Research results show that the concepts proposed in this model - subsystems, emergence, behavior attractors and complexity limits - apply to organizations and contribute to the understanding of the changes triggered by an ERP system implementation. Among other contributions, this work shows the importance of potential generation for change, the relationship among the behavior attractor and competitive advantages gained, and organizational systems maturity considerations
Enterprise architecture: an interface concept between the economics and the management of the firm
Get PDFEste trabalho tem como objetivo discutir um tema que intenciona ser uma interface entre a economia e a administração da firma: a Arquitetura Empresarial. Este conceito é aqui visto como o mais apropriado conceito para se entender o impacto dos conteúdos de informação, dos sistemas de informação, e das tecnologias de informação e comunicação - TICs nas escolhas tecnológicas e organizacionais internas da firma. Para defender este argumento, ele se vale de três passos principais. Inicialmente é feita uma breve revisão das principais teorias (econômicas e administrativas) da firma, apontando suas contribuições e limitações e convergências mais evidentes. Em seguida, apóia-se no conceito da firma como um "information engine" (engenho de informação) e num conceito, apropriado da Ciência e da Engenharia da Computação, o de Arquitetura Empresarial, para apontar que estes conceitos trazem importantes contribuições para uma interpretação mais aderente com o que é (ou como se estrutura) a firma nos dias atuais, onde ela praticamente não pode existir sem que utilize as modernas ferramentas de informação exigidas no mundo contemporâneo. Por último, apresenta-se uma metodologia inovadora que, em analogia com o paradigma da Estrutura-Conduta-Desempenho (que é tradicionalmente utilizado nas análises empíricas de mercado), identifica a firma em três abordagens linearmente conectadas: sua arquitetura, sua governança, e sua estratégia de crescimento.This paper aims to broadly discuss a subject that intends to be an interface between the economics and the management of the firm: the Enterprise Architecture. This concept is viewed here as the most appropriate means to understand the impact of the information content, of the information systems, and of the information and communication technologies- ICTs on the internal technological and organizational choices of the firm. In support to this argument it relies on three main steps. Initially, a brief review of the main theories (economic and management) of the firm is made highlighting their contributions, caveats and convergences. Then the paper bases its analysis on the concept of the firm as an "engine of information" and on a concept from the Computing Science and Engineering, Enterprise Architecture, to point out that these concepts bring up important contributions towards a more consistent interpretation of what the firm is (or how it is organized) currently, in which is practically impossible to exist without the modern information tools. Finally, it is presented an innovative methodology, in an analogy to the Structure-Conduct-Performance Paradigm (that is traditionally used on the empirical market analysis), which identifies the firm according to three linear connected approaches: its architecture, its governance, and its growth strategy
Network relationships in small incubated technology-based (ITBs) firms: a study of its importance to organizational performance in the perception of entrepreneurs
Get PDFO objetivo deste artigo é descrever a rede de relacionamentos e identificar a importância desses relacionamentos para o desempenho organizacional em pequenas EBTs incubadas na percepção dos empreendedores. Para tanto, a pesquisa foi exploratória, com método qualitativo, na primeira parte. Descritiva, com método quantitativo, na seqüência. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um roteiro e de dois questionários estruturados. O gerente da incubadora e os empreendedores das 14 EBTs residentes foram os sujeitos sociais respondentes. A análise dos componentes da rede de relações das EBTs permitiu: (i) verificar as características da rede de relacionamentos das EBTs incubadas por meio de um mapa de relações meios-fins, relacionados por ligações de influência, e (ii) constatar que há consonância entre os esforços para o atendimento dos objetivos traçados tanto pelas EBTs incubadas, como pela incubadora, e a importância do alcance desses objetivos para a melhora do desempenho organizacional das EBTs.The objective of this article is to describe the network of relationships and identify the importance of these relationships to the organizational performance of small ITBs incubated in the perception of entrepreneurs. Therefore, the research was exploratory, with qualitative method in the first part and descriptive, using a quantitative method in the continuation. Data were collected through a script with open questions and two structured questionnaires. The manager of the incubator and entrepreneurs from 14 residents were ITBs social subjects respondents. Component analysis of the relationship network of ITBs was to: (i) examine the characteristics of the network of relationships of ITBs incubated by a statement of means-ends relationships, related by links of influence, and (ii) note that there are line between efforts to meet the goals set by both ITBs incubated, as the incubator, and the importance of achieving these objectives for the improvement of organizational performance of ITBs
Installing an ERP System with a methodology based on the principles of goal directed project management
Get PDFThis paper describes a generic methodology to support the process of modelling, adaptation and implementation (MAI) of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems (ERPS) based on the principles of goal directed project management (GDPM). The proposed methodology guides the project manager through specific stages in order to successfully complete the ERPS implementation. The development of the proper MAI methodology is deemed necessary because it will simplify the installation process of ERPS. The goal directed project management method was chosen since it provides a way of focusing all changes towards a predetermined goal. The main stages of the methodology are the promotion and preparation steps, the proposal, the contract, the implementation and the completion. The methodology was applied as a pilot application by a major ERPS development company. Important benefits were the easy and effective guidance for all installation and analysis stages, the faster installation for the ERPS and the control and cost reduction for the installation, in terms of time, manpower, technological equipment and other resources