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FLUORIDE STABILITY AFTER STORAGE ON BOTTLED WATERFLUORIDATION
No full textFluoride has a big role to prevent caries. One method to get fluoride intake is by drinking water fluoridation.Recently bottled drinkingwaterbecome a demand due to its practicaland lowerprice. Purpose of this research is to find out fluoride stability after packing and storage for 1, 15and 30 days.
Water sample took from Ungaran mountain and then mixed by Natrium Fluorideuntil it contain fluoride level 0,7 ppm. Water fluoridatationpacked into plastic glass with pressed cover and unpressed cover. Water fluoridationthen to be storaged and recount fluoridelevel in the 1st day, 15rd nd 30 rd days. Totalglass samples were 42. Test of consumen acceptable also conducted by 25 samples to find out the differences among the fluoridation water and non-fluoridation water and water fluoridationafter storage.
Research result shown that an influence of packing to the decrease of fluoridelevel (Independent t-test Significancy was 0,000). Packing on pressed cover has a lower fluoride level decrease than packing on unpressed cover. Mean fluoride level water fluoridationpacking on pressed cover was 0,69 ppm and mean fluoridelevel on unpressed cover was 0,65 ppm. There was an influence on storage to the fluoridelevel decrease (Anova Significancy was 0,006). Mean fluoridelevel after storage for 1day was 0,7 ppm, after 15 days was 0,66 ppm and after 30 days was 0,64 ppm. Organoleptic result shown that there was no colour, taste and smell differences among water fluoridationand non-fluoridationand water fluoridationafter storage (KruskallWallisSig. level 0,230,0750, 1190,93)
PERANANKOMISI NASIONALOAKANAl(COMISSAo NACIONAL DO DIREITOS DAS CRIAN"A) DALAM MENEGAKAN HAK-HAK ANAK DI REPUBLICA DEMOCRATICA DE TIMOR-LESTE
No full textThis study aims to examine the role of the National Commission on the Rights of the Child (KNHA) Timor-Leste in order to uphold the rights of children in Timor-Leste under the Constitution of RDTL. The research objectives formulated the following issues: What is the role of KNHA in enforcing the rights of children in Timor-Lestewhat are the constraints faced by KNHAand what will be the ideal form for KNHA Timor-Leste in the future.
This research is a normative research, which uses a descriptive and qualitative analysis. The data were collected through document studies and field research which used the method of interviews with sources that have a relationship with the object of research.
The research revealed that KNHA Timor-Leste has a crucial role in upholding the rights of children as one form of the implementation of article 18 of the Constitution and the values of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) which has been ratified by the State of Timor-Leste. However, the KNHA meets the obstacles that exist, both from within and outside of the KNHA itself, such as the problematic legal basis for the formation of KNHA which is only founded by the Decree of the Minister of Justice No.0201II12010,on January 28, 2010. Other obstacles are the less harmony of cooperation with other agencies both from government and non-government, the lack of quantity and quality of existing employees, and the lack of support for an adequate budget and facilities.
Thus, it is expected in the future that the legal basis for the establishment of KNHA must be changed from a ministerial decree into a more binding Law. KNHA is also expected to be an independent institution with operates directly under the Office of the Prime Minister so that it can play more role both in legal system and politic in order to enforce the children\u27s rights. Further, the employment resources must be improved both in quality and quantity and the support in budget and facilities must be increased
PENCUCI MEKANIS EMPON-EMPON JAHE SISTEM SEMPROT BERTEKANAN: PERANCANGAN, P.EMBUATAN DAN PENGAPLIKASIAN
Get PDFCandi Garon village in Subdistric Sumowono, Semarang has a lot of herbs including ginger and turmeric that can be used as medicine, known locally as empon-empon. Empon-empon of Candi Garon is the main source of "Jamu" industry in Semarang provided their quality fulfilled the standard of the factory (i.e. the dirtiness is no more than 2%) .After harvesting, the ginger needs to be washed in order to reach the quality standard of the factory to avoid rejection or low price. In this program, we designed and manufactured an "empon-empon" washing machine to facilitate an easier, more comfortable and faster washing process by farmers. The machine is constructed from local materials in order to be easily replicated by the local farmers. The construction consists of a washing cylinder, a pump, and a transmission system. The effective capacity of the machine is 15.9kg even though it actually has a m"aximum capacity of 45 kg. It can produce 81.177%clean ginger or turmeric. The water consumption of this machine is 26.7451/min. This technology has been implemented in field trials by farmers
The Behavior of Indonesian Stock Market: Structural Breaks and Nonlinearity
Get PDFAbstract: This study empirically examines the behaviour of Indonesian stock market under the efficient market hypothesis framework by emphasizing on the random walk behaviour and nonlinearity over the period of April 1983 - December 2010. In the first step, the standard linear unit root test, namely the augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test, Phillip-Perron (PP) test and Kwiatkowski-Philllips-Schmidt-Shin (KPSS) test identify the random walk behaviour in the indices. In order to take account the possible breaks in the index series Zivot and Adrews (1992) one break and Lumsdaine and Papell (1997) two breaks unit root test are employed to observe whether the presence of breaks in the data series will prevent the stocks from randomly pricing or vice versa. In the third step, we employ Harvey et al. (2008) test to examine the presence of nonlinear behaviour in Indonesian stock indices. The evidence of nonlinear behaviour in the indices, motivate us to use nonlinear unit root test procedure recently developed by Kapetanios et al. (2003) and Kruse (2010). In general, the results from standard linear unit root test, Zivot and Adrews (ZA) test and Lumsdaine and Papell (LP) test provide evidence that Jakarta Composite Index characterized by a unit root. In addition, structural breaks identified by ZA and LP test are corresponded to the events of financial market liberalization and financial crisis. The nonlinear unit root test procedure fail to rejects the null hypothesis of unit root for all indices, suggesting that Jakarta Composite Index characterized by random walk process supporting the theory of efficient market hypothesis.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini secara empiris mengamati perilaku pasar saham Indonesia dalam kerangka hipotesis pasar yang efisien dengan menekankan pada perilaku pergerakan harga acak (random walk) dan nonlinier selama periode April 1983 - Desember 2010. Pada langkah pertama digunakan uji unit root yang standar dan linier, yaitu uji augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), Phillip-Perron (PP) dan Kwiatkowski-Philllips-Schmidt- Shin (KPSS), yang mengidentifikasi perilaku random walk pada indeks. Untuk memperhitungkan kemungkinan adanya patahan (breaks) dalam indeks, digunakan uji Zivot dan Adrews (1992) satu breaks dan Lumsdaine dan Papell (1997) dua breaks unit root, untuk mengamati apakah kehadiran patahan dalam seri data akan mempengaruhi perilaku harga saham dari perilaku random atau sebaliknya. Pada langkah ketiga, kami menggunakan model Harvey et al. (2008) untuk memeriksa adanya perilaku nonlinier dalam indeks saham Indonesia. Adanya temuan perilaku nonlinier dalam indeks, memotivasi peneliti untuk menggunakan prosedur tes nonlinear unit root yang dikembangkan oleh Kapetanios et al. (2003) dan Kruse (2010). Secara umum, hasil dari uji unit root yang standar dan linier, Zivot dan Adrews (ZA) dan Lumsdaine dan Papell (LP) menunjukkan bahwa IHSG memiliki perilaku pergerakan harga yang acak. Selain itu, adanya patahan struktural diidentifikasi oleh uji ZA dan LP yang berhubungan dengan peristiwa liberalisasi pasar keuangan dan krisis keuangan. Prosedur uji unit root nonlinier gagal untuk menolak nul hipotesis unit root untuk semua indeks, menunjukkan bahwa IHSG ditandai oleh proses random walk mendukung teori hipotesis pasar efisien
The Attitudinal and Behavioral Effects of Nonfinancial Measures
Get PDFAbstract: A recent study by Lau and Moser (2008) found that the use of nonfinancial measures for managerial performance evaluation is positively associated with managerial performance via procedural fairness and organizational commitment. It is not clear, however, whether the findings are generalizable to other contexts. Using very different samples, the objectives of this study are to reexamine and to extend Lau and Mosers model. Our paper is only able to partially support their model, suggesting that management control systems should be designed to fit the contexts.
Abstrak: Hasil penelitian Lau dan Moser (2008) menemukan bahwa penggunaan ukuran-ukuran nonfinansial untuk mengevaluasi kinerja manajerial berhubungan positif dengan kinerja manajerial melalui keadilan prosedural dan komitmen organisasional. Meski demikian, tidak ada kejelasan apakah temuan mereka bisa digeneralisasi dalam konteks lain. Menggunakan sampel yang sangat berbeda, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji kembali dan memperluas model Lau dan Moser. Penelitian kami hanya mampu memberikan dukungan sebagian atas model yang mereka ajukan. Temuan kami menunjukkan bahwa sistem pengendalian manajemen harus didesain agar sesuai dengan konteks
PENERAPAN MEDICATION SAFETY PRACTICES MELALUI PELAPORAN DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS (DRPs) DI RUMAH SAKIT BETHESDA YOGYAKARTA
Get PDFIdentifikasi masalah obat serta tindak lanjut berupa tindakan koreksi, penanganan dan pencegahan terulangnya masalah merupakan serangkaian tindakan untuk menjamin keamanan penggunaan obat. Sistem pelaporan insiden medicationerrars (MEs) serta pemberian rekomendasi oleh apoteker kepada dokter merupakan penerapan medication safety practicesdalam sistem pelayanan kesehatan.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi experimental yang dilakukan di dua ruang rawat inap bedah Rumah 5akit Bethesda Yogyakarta. Apoteker kIinik melakukan identifikasi, koreksi, serta pelaporan insiden MEs di kedua ruang rawat inap.
Apoteker kIinik mengidentifikasi 283 masalah obat di Ruang I dan 39 masalah obat di Ruang II. Seluruh insiden MEs yang teridentifikasi di Ruang II dan 13,5% insiden MEs di Ruang I dilaporkan pada sistem pelaporan IFRS. Sembilan betas DRPs di Ruang I dan 13 DRPs di Ruang II diselesaikan melalui komunikasi dan pemberian rekomendasi kepada dokter. Metode pemberian rekomendasi tertulis menunjukkan acceptance rate sebesar 26,3%, sedangkan acceptance rate untuk metode pemberian rekomendasi verbal adalah 84,6% (p=O,02).Seluruh DRPs dapat diselesaikan dengan pemberian rekomendasi verbal, sedangkan DRPs yang dapat diselesaikan dengan rekomendasi tertulis adalah sebesar 33,3%
BEADS FOR PHOTO CATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF HUMIC ACID IN PEAT WATER
Get PDFDegradation of humic acid in aqueous solution containing Ti0₂coated on ceramics beads under irradiation of 254 nm UV light has been conducted in batch reactor. The aim of this experiment was to study photocatalytic degradation of humic acid in peat water. The irradiation of the humic acid in aqueous solution was conducted in various conditions i. e solely UV, in the presence of TiO₂slurry and Ti0₂beads. The color intensity, humic acid residue, conductivity and COD (chemicaloxygen demand) of the solution were analyzed before and after iradiation.
The compounds produced during photo degradation were identified using HPLC. The results showed that after photocatalytic degradation, the color intensity and the COD value of the solution decreased, while the conductivity of water increased indicating mineralization of the peat water occurred. In addition, oxalic acid as the product of degradation was observed
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION ION SELECTIVE LECTRODE Cd(lI) BASED ON CHITOSAN IN PVC MEMBRANE
Get PDFPreparation of the c hitosan membrane of ion-selective electrode for determination of cadmium ion has been conducted. Chitosan is a natural polymer containing nitrogen could coordinate with CcP to increase the membrane conductivity v alue. Chitosan is a principal material and mixed with polyvinylchloride (PVC) as matrix dissolved previously to solvent tetrahydrofuran (THF) and dioctylphenylphosphonate (DOPP) is added as plasticizer by proportion chitosan: PVC: DOPP (6:3:1). To obtain the dopant optimum concentration, membrane was dipped in Cd²⁺for 7 days and its conductivity value was measured using the four-point probe method. From FT-IR spectrum the peaks of amine, acetylamide and hydroxy groups wave length number was observed to assure that Cd ²⁺bound to the chitosan. The optimum concentration of Cd²⁺dopant was obtained at 1.00 M with conductivity value of 549.45 ohm-1m-1 wich gave a Nernstian factor of 32.03 mV/decade with the detection limit of 2.512 x 10 ‐⁵M. The electrodes work in the pH range 3 - 7. The life time of the electrode was 8 weeks. The ions of N²⁺, Fe³⁺, Pb²⁺, CU²⁺, Zn²⁺,CR and S0₄²ˉtoward concentrationrange 10ˉ³M gave response did not interfere in the determine of Cd²⁺ion
PENGARUH TEMPERATUR TERHADAP PATOGENESITAS OOSISTA Eimeria tenella PADAAYAMPEDAGING
Get PDFCoccidiosis is a problem for chicken\u27s industries, because prevention C?fthe diseases is still a problem in Indonesie. The research was carried out to study the effect of temperature to pathogenicity of Eimeria tenella in broiler chicken. Fifteen 17-day-old broiler chickens were divided into three groups (Group A, B and C), each group consisted of 5 chickens. Each chiken of the Group A, B, and C was infected orally with 5000 oocysts
treated with temperature at 4°C for 17days, 5000 oocysts at 50°Cfor IS days, and 5000 oocysts at 27°Cfor 17 days, respectively. Necropsy was carried out to identifie the histopathological feataures on five and seven days after infection. The features of caecum lesion were analyzed descriptively and the Lesion scores- were analyzed with Rank test. The research concluded that a temperature influenced to the pathogenicity of E. tenella oocystes and the study recommended to use 50°Cheating for IS days for killing the oocysts
PERBANDINGAN INKLINASI DAN UKURAN RAHANG ANTARA ORANG JAWABUTA DAN NORMAL
Get PDFLatar Belakang. Penglihatanmerupakan salah satu faktor yang diperlukan untuk mengontrol postur kepala. Postur kepala
berhubungan dengan kompleks kraniofasial. Maksila dan mandibula merupakan bagian dari kompleks kraniofasial. Pada orang
buta terjadi penyimpangan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan daerah orbita karena tidak adanya rangsang. Tujuan penelitian
adalah untuk mempelajari perbandingan inklinasi dan ukuran rahang berdasarkan jenis kelamin antara orang Jawa buta dan
normal. Metode Penelitian Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 53 subjek, terdiri dari 25 orang buta (12 orang laki-Iaki dan 13 orang
perempuan) dan 28 orang normal (14 orang laki-laki dan 14 orang perempuan). Setiap subjek penelitian dilakukan pengambilan
sefalogram lateral pada posisi alamiah kepala, kemudian dilakukan penapakan pada kertas kalkir di atas iluminator. Pengukuran
sembiIan parameter inklinasi dan ukuran maksila dan mandibula dilakukan pada hasil penapakan. Data dianalisis dengan uji
Anava dua jalur. HasH penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang tidak bermakna (